parser/SqlParser.ypp

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 **/

%name-prefix "quickstep_yy"
%define api.pure
%locations
%lex-param    {yyscan_t yyscanner}
%parse-param  {yyscan_t yyscanner}
%parse-param  {quickstep::ParseStatement **parsedStatement}

/**
 * NOTE(chasseur): There are two known shift/reduce conflicts in this parser.
 * They are noted where they occur in the source below. When such a conflict
 * occurs, Bison resolves it by preferring to shift rather than reduce, which
 * is the correct, expected behavior for both cases in this parser.
 **/
%expect 2

%{

/* Override the default definition, as we only need <first_line> and <first_column>. */
typedef struct YYLTYPE {
  int first_line;
  int first_column;
} YYLTYPE;

#define YYLTYPE_IS_DECLARED 1

/*
 * Modified from the default YYLLOC_DEFAULT
 * (http://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/html_node/Location-Default-Action.html).
 * The assignments for last_line and last_column are removed as they are not used.
 */
#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(current, rhs, n)                         \
  do {                                                          \
    if (n) {                                                    \
      (current).first_line   = YYRHSLOC(rhs, 1).first_line;     \
      (current).first_column = YYRHSLOC(rhs, 1).first_column;   \
    } else {                                                    \
      /* empty RHS */                                           \
      (current).first_line = YYRHSLOC(rhs, 0).first_line;       \
      (current).first_column = YYRHSLOC(rhs, 0).first_column;   \
    }                                                           \
  } while (0)

%}

%{
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <utility>

#include "catalog/PartitionSchemeHeader.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseAssignment.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseAttributeDefinition.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseBasicExpressions.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseBlockProperties.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseCaseExpressions.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseExpression.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseGeneratorTableReference.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseGroupBy.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseHaving.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseJoinedTableReference.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseKeyValue.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseLimit.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseLiteralValue.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseOrderBy.hpp"
#include "parser/ParsePartitionClause.hpp"
#include "parser/ParsePredicate.hpp"
#include "parser/ParsePredicateExists.hpp"
#include "parser/ParsePredicateInTableQuery.hpp"
#include "parser/ParsePriority.hpp"
#include "parser/ParserUtil.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseSample.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseSelect.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseSelectionClause.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseSetOperation.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseSimpleTableReference.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseStatement.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseString.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseSubqueryExpression.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseSubqueryTableReference.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseTableReference.hpp"
#include "parser/ParseWindow.hpp"
#include "storage/StorageBlockInfo.hpp"
#include "types/Type.hpp"
#include "types/TypeFactory.hpp"
#include "types/TypeID.hpp"
#include "types/operations/binary_operations/BinaryOperation.hpp"
#include "types/operations/binary_operations/BinaryOperationFactory.hpp"
#include "types/operations/binary_operations/BinaryOperationID.hpp"
#include "types/operations/comparisons/Comparison.hpp"
#include "types/operations/comparisons/ComparisonFactory.hpp"
#include "types/operations/comparisons/ComparisonID.hpp"
#include "types/operations/unary_operations/UnaryOperation.hpp"
#include "types/operations/unary_operations/UnaryOperationFactory.hpp"
#include "types/operations/unary_operations/UnaryOperationID.hpp"
#include "utility/PtrList.hpp"
#include "utility/PtrVector.hpp"

// Needed for Bison 2.6 and higher, which do not automatically provide this typedef.
typedef void* yyscan_t;
%}

%union{
  quickstep::ParseString *string_value_;

  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseString> *string_list_;

  bool boolean_value_;

  quickstep::NumericParseLiteralValue *numeric_literal_value_;
  quickstep::ParseLiteralValue *literal_value_;
  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseScalarLiteral> *literal_value_list_;

  quickstep::ParseExpression *expression_;

  quickstep::ParseScalarLiteral *scalar_literal_;
  quickstep::ParseAttribute *attribute_;
  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseAttribute> *attribute_list_;

  quickstep::ParsePredicate *predicate_;

  quickstep::ParseSubqueryExpression *subquery_expression_;

  quickstep::PtrVector<quickstep::ParseSimpleWhenClause> *simple_when_clause_list_;
  quickstep::ParseSimpleWhenClause *simple_when_clause_;

  quickstep::PtrVector<quickstep::ParseSearchedWhenClause> *searched_when_clause_list_;
  quickstep::ParseSearchedWhenClause *searched_when_clause_;

  quickstep::ParseSelectionClause *selection_;
  quickstep::ParseSelectionItem *selection_item_;
  quickstep::ParseSelectionList *selection_list_;

  quickstep::ParseSetOperation *set_operation_;

  quickstep::ParseTableReference *table_reference_;
  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseTableReference> *table_reference_list_;
  quickstep::ParseTableReferenceSignature *table_reference_signature_;

  quickstep::ParseJoinedTableReference::JoinType join_type_;

  quickstep::ParseDataType *data_type_;
  quickstep::ParseAttributeDefinition *attribute_definition_;
  quickstep::ParseColumnConstraint *column_constraint_;
  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseColumnConstraint> *column_constraint_list_;
  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseAttributeDefinition> *attribute_definition_list_;

  quickstep::ParseKeyValue *key_value_;
  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseKeyValue> *key_value_list_;
  quickstep::ParseKeyStringValue *key_string_value_;
  quickstep::ParseKeyStringList *key_string_list_;
  quickstep::ParseKeyIntegerValue *key_integer_value_;

  quickstep::ParseCopyFromParams *copy_from_params_;

  quickstep::ParseAssignment *assignment_;
  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseAssignment> *assignment_list_;

  quickstep::ParseCommand *command_;
  quickstep::PtrVector<quickstep::ParseString> *command_argument_list_;

  quickstep::ParseStatement *statement_;
  quickstep::ParseStatementSetOperation *set_operation_statement_;
  quickstep::ParseStatementUpdate *update_statement_;
  quickstep::ParseStatementInsert *insert_statement_;
  quickstep::ParseStatementDelete *delete_statement_;
  quickstep::ParseStatementCopyFrom *copy_from_statement_;
  quickstep::ParseStatementCreateTable *create_table_statement_;
  quickstep::ParsePartitionClause *partition_clause_;
  quickstep::ParseBlockProperties *block_properties_;
  quickstep::ParseStatementDropTable *drop_table_statement_;
  quickstep::ParseStatementQuit *quit_statement_;

  const quickstep::Comparison *comparison_;
  const quickstep::UnaryOperation *unary_operation_;
  const quickstep::BinaryOperation *binary_operation_;

  quickstep::ParseFunctionCall *function_call_;
  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseExpression> *expression_list_;

  quickstep::ParseSelect *select_query_;
  quickstep::ParseGroupBy *opt_group_by_clause_;
  quickstep::ParseHaving *opt_having_clause_;
  quickstep::ParseOrderBy *opt_order_by_clause_;
  bool *order_direction_;
  quickstep::ParseLimit *opt_limit_clause_;

  quickstep::ParseSample *opt_sample_clause_;

  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseWindow> *opt_window_clause_;
  quickstep::ParseWindow *window_definition_;
  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseExpression> *window_partition_by_list_;
  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseOrderByItem> *window_order_by_list_;
  quickstep::ParseFrameInfo *window_frame_info_;

  quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseOrderByItem> *order_commalist_;
  quickstep::ParseOrderByItem *order_item_;

  quickstep::PtrVector<quickstep::ParseSubqueryTableReference> *with_list_;
  quickstep::ParseSubqueryTableReference *with_list_element_;

  quickstep::ParsePriority *opt_priority_clause_;
}

%{
/* This header needs YYSTYPE, which is defined by the %union directive above */
#include "SqlLexer_gen.hpp"
void NotSupported(const YYLTYPE *location, yyscan_t yyscanner, const std::string &feature);
%}

%token <string_value_> TOKEN_COMMAND;
%token <string_value_> TOKEN_NAME;
%token <string_value_> TOKEN_STRING_SINGLE_QUOTED;
%token <string_value_> TOKEN_STRING_DOUBLE_QUOTED;
%token <numeric_literal_value_> TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL;

/* Operator precedence - least to greatest */
%left TOKEN_OR
%left TOKEN_AND
%right TOKEN_NOT
%right TOKEN_EQ
%nonassoc TOKEN_LT TOKEN_LEQ TOKEN_GT TOKEN_GEQ TOKEN_NEQ
%nonassoc TOKEN_LIKE TOKEN_REGEXP
%nonassoc TOKEN_BETWEEN
%nonassoc TOKEN_IS
%left '+' '-'
%left '*' '/'
%right UNARY_PLUS UNARY_MINUS
%left '.'
%left TOKEN_ALL TOKEN_UNION TOKEN_INTERSECT

%token TOKEN_ADD;
%token TOKEN_ALL;
%token TOKEN_ALTER;
%token TOKEN_AND;
%token TOKEN_AS;
%token TOKEN_ASC;
%token TOKEN_BIGINT;
%token TOKEN_BIT;
%token TOKEN_BITWEAVING;
%token TOKEN_BLOCKPROPERTIES;
%token TOKEN_BLOCKSAMPLE;
%token TOKEN_BLOOM_FILTER;
%token TOKEN_CSB_TREE;
%token TOKEN_BY;
%token TOKEN_CASE;
%token TOKEN_CHARACTER;
%token TOKEN_CHECK;
%token TOKEN_COLUMN;
%token TOKEN_CONSTRAINT;
%token TOKEN_COPY;
%token TOKEN_CREATE;
%token TOKEN_CURRENT;
%token TOKEN_DATE;
%token TOKEN_DATETIME;
%token TOKEN_DAY;
%token TOKEN_DECIMAL;
%token TOKEN_DEFAULT;
%token TOKEN_DELETE;
%token TOKEN_DELIMITER;
%token TOKEN_DESC;
%token TOKEN_DISTINCT;
%token TOKEN_DOUBLE;
%token TOKEN_DROP;
%token TOKEN_ELSE;
%token TOKEN_END;
%token TOKEN_ESCAPE_STRINGS;
%token TOKEN_EXISTS;
%token TOKEN_EXTRACT;
%token TOKEN_FALSE;
%token TOKEN_FIRST;
%token TOKEN_FLOAT;
%token TOKEN_FOLLOWING;
%token TOKEN_FOR;
%token TOKEN_FOREIGN;
%token TOKEN_FROM;
%token TOKEN_FULL;
%token TOKEN_GROUP;
%token TOKEN_HASH;
%token TOKEN_HAVING;
%token TOKEN_HOUR;
%token TOKEN_IN;
%token TOKEN_INDEX;
%token TOKEN_INNER;
%token TOKEN_INSERT;
%token TOKEN_INTEGER;
%token TOKEN_INTERSECT;
%token TOKEN_INTERVAL;
%token TOKEN_INTO;
%token TOKEN_JOIN;
%token TOKEN_KEY;
%token TOKEN_LAST;
%token TOKEN_LEFT;
%token TOKEN_LIMIT;
%token TOKEN_LONG;
%token TOKEN_MINUTE;
%token TOKEN_MONTH;
%token TOKEN_NOT;
%token TOKEN_NULL;
%token TOKEN_NULLS;
%token TOKEN_OFF;
%token TOKEN_ON;
%token TOKEN_OR;
%token TOKEN_ORDER;
%token TOKEN_OUTER;
%token TOKEN_OVER;
%token TOKEN_PARTITION;
%token TOKEN_PARTITIONS;
%token TOKEN_PERCENT;
%token TOKEN_PRECEDING;
%token TOKEN_PRIMARY;
%token TOKEN_PRIORITY;
%token TOKEN_QUIT;
%token TOKEN_RANGE;
%token TOKEN_REAL;
%token TOKEN_REFERENCES;
%token TOKEN_REGEXP;
%token TOKEN_RIGHT;
%token TOKEN_ROW;
%token TOKEN_ROW_DELIMITER;
%token TOKEN_ROWS;
%token TOKEN_SECOND;
%token TOKEN_SELECT;
%token TOKEN_SET;
%token TOKEN_SMA;
%token TOKEN_SMALLINT;
%token TOKEN_SUBSTRING;
%token TOKEN_TABLE;
%token TOKEN_THEN;
%token TOKEN_TIME;
%token TOKEN_TIMESTAMP;
%token TOKEN_TRUE;
%token TOKEN_TUPLESAMPLE;
%token TOKEN_UNBOUNDED;
%token TOKEN_UNION;
%token TOKEN_UNIQUE;
%token TOKEN_UPDATE;
%token TOKEN_USING;
%token TOKEN_VALUES;
%token TOKEN_VARCHAR;
%token TOKEN_WHEN;
%token TOKEN_WHERE;
%token TOKEN_WINDOW;
%token TOKEN_WITH;
%token TOKEN_YEAR;
%token TOKEN_YEARMONTH;
%token TOKEN_EOF;
%token TOKEN_LEX_ERROR;

%type <string_value_>
  any_name
  datetime_unit
  index_type
  partition_type

%type <boolean_value_>
  boolean_value
  frame_mode
  opt_all_distinct

%type <literal_value_>
  literal_value

%type <numeric_literal_value_>
  frame_preceding
  frame_following

%type <literal_value_list_>
  literal_value_commalist

%type <expression_>
  expression_base
  unary_expression
  multiply_expression
  add_expression
  case_expression
  opt_else_clause
  extract_function
  substr_function

%type <attribute_>
  attribute_ref

%type <attribute_list_>
  attribute_ref_list
  opt_column_list

%type <predicate_>
  predicate_expression_base
  not_expression
  and_expression
  or_expression
  where_clause
  opt_where_clause

%type <subquery_expression_>
  subquery_expression

%type <simple_when_clause_list_>
  simple_when_clause_list

%type <simple_when_clause_>
  simple_when_clause

%type <searched_when_clause_list_>
  searched_when_clause_list

%type <searched_when_clause_>
  searched_when_clause

%type <selection_>
  selection

%type <selection_item_>
  selection_item

%type <selection_list_>
  selection_item_commalist

%type <table_reference_>
  table_reference
  joined_table_reference

%type <table_reference_list_>
  joined_table_reference_commalist
  from_clause

%type <table_reference_signature_>
  table_reference_signature
  table_reference_signature_primary

%type <join_type_>
  join_type

%type <data_type_>
  data_type

%type <attribute_definition_>
  column_def

%type <column_constraint_>
  column_constraint_def

%type <column_constraint_list_>
  column_constraint_def_list
  opt_column_constraint_def_list

%type <attribute_definition_list_>
  column_def_commalist

%type <key_value_>
  key_value

%type <key_value_list_>
  key_value_list
  opt_index_properties

%type <key_string_value_>
  key_string_value

%type <key_string_list_>
  key_string_list

%type <key_integer_value_>
  key_integer_value

%type <assignment_>
  assignment_item

%type <assignment_list_>
  assignment_list

%type <statement_>
  sql_statement
  alter_table_statement

%type <set_operation_statement_>
  set_operation_statement

%type <set_operation_>
  set_operation_union
  set_operation_intersect

%type <select_query_>
  select_query

%type <update_statement_>
  update_statement

%type <delete_statement_>
  delete_statement

%type <insert_statement_>
  insert_statement

%type <copy_from_statement_>
  copy_from_statement

%type <copy_from_params_>
  copy_from_params
  opt_copy_from_params

%type <create_table_statement_>
  create_table_statement

%type <block_properties_>
  opt_block_properties

%type <partition_clause_>
  opt_partition_clause

%type <statement_>
  create_index_statement

%type <drop_table_statement_>
  drop_table_statement

%type <quit_statement_>
  quit_statement

%type <string_list_>
  name_commalist

%type <comparison_>
  comparison_operation

%type <unary_operation_>
  unary_operation

%type <binary_operation_>
/* binary_operation */
  add_operation
  multiply_operation

%type <function_call_>
  function_call

%type <expression_list_>
  expression_list

%type <opt_group_by_clause_>
  opt_group_by_clause

%type <opt_having_clause_>
  opt_having_clause

%type <opt_order_by_clause_>
  opt_order_by_clause

%type <order_commalist_>
  order_commalist

%type <order_item_>
  order_item

%type <order_direction_>
  opt_order_direction
  opt_nulls_first

%type <opt_limit_clause_>
  opt_limit_clause

%type <opt_sample_clause_>
  opt_sample_clause

%type <opt_window_clause_>
  opt_window_clause
  window_declaration_list

%type <window_definition_>
  window_declaration
  window_definition

%type <window_partition_by_list_>
  opt_window_partition

%type <window_order_by_list_>
  opt_window_order

%type <window_frame_info_>
  opt_window_frame

%type <opt_priority_clause_>
  opt_priority_clause

%type <with_list_>
  with_clause
  with_list

%type <with_list_element_>
  with_list_element

%type <command_>
  command

%type <command_argument_list_>
  command_argument_list

/*
%type <int_val>
  table_constraint_def  // unimplemented
  table_constraint_def_commalist        // unimplemented
  opt_table_constraint_def_commalist    // unimplemented
*/

%destructor { } <boolean_value_>
%destructor { } <comparison_>
%destructor { } <unary_operation_>
%destructor { } <binary_operation_>
%destructor { } <join_type_>

%destructor {
  if ($$ != nullptr) {
    delete $$;
  }
} <*>

%%

start:
  sql_statement ';' {
    *parsedStatement = $1;
    YYACCEPT;
  }
  | sql_statement TOKEN_EOF {
    *parsedStatement = $1;
    YYACCEPT;
  }
  | command '\n' {
    *parsedStatement = $1;
    YYACCEPT;
  }
  | command TOKEN_EOF {
    *parsedStatement = $1;
    YYACCEPT;
  }
  | error {
    YYABORT;
  }
  | TOKEN_EOF {
    // Regular yyparse() return codes are non-negative, so use a negative one here.
    return -1;
  };

/* All supported statement types */
sql_statement:
  alter_table_statement {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | copy_from_statement {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | create_table_statement {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | create_index_statement {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | delete_statement {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | drop_table_statement {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | insert_statement {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | quit_statement {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | set_operation_statement {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | update_statement {
    $$ = $1;
  };

/* Quit statement */
quit_statement:
  TOKEN_QUIT {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementQuit(@1.first_line, @1.first_column);
  };

/* Table modification statements */
alter_table_statement:
  TOKEN_ALTER TOKEN_TABLE any_name TOKEN_ADD TOKEN_COLUMN column_def {
    delete $3;
    delete $6;
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "ALTER statements");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_ALTER TOKEN_TABLE any_name TOKEN_ADD TOKEN_CONSTRAINT table_constraint_def {
    delete $3;
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "ALTER statements");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_ALTER TOKEN_TABLE any_name TOKEN_DROP TOKEN_COLUMN any_name {
    delete $3;
    delete $6;
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "ALTER statements");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_ALTER TOKEN_TABLE any_name TOKEN_DROP TOKEN_CONSTRAINT any_name {
    delete $3;
    delete $6;
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "ALTER statements");
    YYERROR;
  };

create_table_statement:
  TOKEN_CREATE TOKEN_TABLE any_name '(' column_def_commalist ')' opt_table_constraint_def_commalist opt_block_properties opt_partition_clause {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementCreateTable(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $5, $8, $9);
  };

create_index_statement:
  TOKEN_CREATE TOKEN_INDEX any_name TOKEN_ON any_name opt_column_list TOKEN_USING index_type opt_index_properties {
    if ($9) {
      $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementCreateIndex(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $5, $6, $8, @9.first_line, @9.first_column, $9);
    } else {
      $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementCreateIndex(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $5, $6, $8);
    }
  };

drop_table_statement:
  TOKEN_DROP TOKEN_TABLE any_name {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementDropTable(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3);
  };

column_def:
  any_name data_type opt_column_constraint_def_list {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseAttributeDefinition(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $2, $3);
  };

column_def_commalist:
  column_def {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseAttributeDefinition>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | column_def_commalist ',' column_def {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($3);
  };

data_type:
  TOKEN_BIT {
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "BIT data type");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_DATE {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kDate));
  }
  | TOKEN_DATETIME {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kDatetime));
  }
  | TOKEN_TIME {
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "TIME data type");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_TIMESTAMP {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kDatetime));
  }
  | TOKEN_DECIMAL {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kDouble));
  }
  | TOKEN_REAL {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kDouble));
  }
  | TOKEN_DOUBLE {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kDouble));
  }
  | TOKEN_FLOAT {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kFloat));
  }
  | TOKEN_SMALLINT {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kInt));
  }
  | TOKEN_INTEGER {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kInt));
  }
  | TOKEN_BIGINT {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kLong));
  }
  | TOKEN_LONG {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kLong));
  }
  | TOKEN_INTERVAL {
    /**
     * NOTE(chasseur): This pattern exhibits a shift/reduce conflict with the
     * TOKEN_INTERVAL case in 'literal_value'. Bison prefers to shift rather
     * than reduce, so the case in 'literal_value' has precedence over this.
     **/
    $$ = nullptr;
    quickstep_yyerror(&@1, yyscanner, nullptr,
        "INTERVAL is ambiguous as a column type. Specify either DATETIME INTERVAL "
        "or YEARMONTH INTERVAL");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_DATETIME TOKEN_INTERVAL {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kDatetimeInterval));
  }
  | TOKEN_YEARMONTH TOKEN_INTERVAL {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kYearMonthInterval));
  }
  | TOKEN_CHARACTER '(' TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL ')' {
    if ($3->float_like()) {
      delete $3;
      $$ = NULL;
      quickstep_yyerror(&@3, yyscanner, nullptr, "Non-integer length supplied for CHAR type");
      YYERROR;
    } else {
      if ($3->long_value() <= 0) {
        delete $3;
        $$ = NULL;
        quickstep_yyerror(&@3, yyscanner, nullptr, "Length for CHAR type must be at least 1");
        YYERROR;
      } else {
        $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kChar, $3->long_value(), false));
        delete $3;
      }
    }
  }
  | TOKEN_VARCHAR '(' TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL ')' {
    if ($3->float_like()) {
      delete $3;
      $$ = NULL;
      quickstep_yyerror(&@3, yyscanner, nullptr, "Non-integer length supplied for VARCHAR type");
      YYERROR;
    } else {
      if ($3->long_value() < 0) {
        delete $3;
        $$ = NULL;
        quickstep_yyerror(&@3, yyscanner, nullptr, "Negative length supplied for VARCHAR type");
        YYERROR;
      } else {
        $$ = new quickstep::ParseDataType(quickstep::TypeFactory::GetType(quickstep::kVarChar, $3->long_value(), false));
        delete $3;
      }
    }
  };

column_constraint_def:
  TOKEN_NULL {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseColumnConstraintNull(@1.first_line, @1.first_column);
  }
  | TOKEN_NOT TOKEN_NULL {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseColumnConstraintNotNull(@1.first_line, @1.first_column);
  }
  | TOKEN_UNIQUE {
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Column Constraints (UNIQUE)");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_PRIMARY TOKEN_KEY {
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Column Constraints (PRIMARY KEY)");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_DEFAULT literal_value {
    $$ = nullptr;
    delete $2;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Column Constraints (DEFAULT)");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_CHECK '(' or_expression ')' {
    $$ = nullptr;
    delete $3;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Column Constraints (CHECK)");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_REFERENCES any_name '(' any_name ')' {
    $$ = nullptr;
    delete $2;
    delete $4;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Foreign Keys");
    YYERROR;
  };

column_constraint_def_list:
  column_constraint_def_list column_constraint_def {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($2);
  }
  | column_constraint_def {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseColumnConstraint>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  };

opt_column_constraint_def_list:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | column_constraint_def_list {
    $$ = $1;
  };

table_constraint_def:
  TOKEN_UNIQUE '(' name_commalist ')' {
    delete $3;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Table Constraints (UNIQUE)");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_PRIMARY TOKEN_KEY '(' name_commalist ')' {
    delete $4;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Table Constraints (PRIMARY KEY)");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_FOREIGN TOKEN_KEY '(' name_commalist ')' TOKEN_REFERENCES any_name '(' name_commalist ')' {
    delete $4;
    delete $7;
    delete $9;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Table Constraints (FOREIGN KEY)");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_CHECK '(' or_expression ')' {
    delete $3;
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Table Constraints (CHECK)");
    YYERROR;
  };

table_constraint_def_commalist:
  table_constraint_def_commalist ',' table_constraint_def {
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Table Constraints");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | table_constraint_def {
    NotSupported(&@1, yyscanner, "Table Constraints");
    YYERROR;
  };

opt_table_constraint_def_commalist:
  {
    /* $$ = nullptr; */
  }
  | table_constraint_def_commalist {
    /* $$ = $1; */
  };

opt_column_list:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | '(' attribute_ref_list ')' {
    $$ = $2;
  };

opt_block_properties:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_WITH TOKEN_BLOCKPROPERTIES '(' key_value_list ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseBlockProperties(@2.first_line, @2.first_column, $4);
  }

opt_partition_clause:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_PARTITION TOKEN_BY partition_type '(' name_commalist ')' TOKEN_PARTITIONS TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL {
    if ($8->float_like()) {
      delete $8;
      $$ = NULL;
      quickstep_yyerror(&@8, yyscanner, NULL, "NUMBER OF PARTITIONS must be an integer");
      YYERROR;
    } else {
      if ($8->long_value() <= 0 || $8->long_value() > 64) {
        delete $8;
        $$ = NULL;
        quickstep_yyerror(&@8, yyscanner, NULL, "NUMBER OF PARITIONS must be between 1 and 64");
        YYERROR;
      } else {
        $$ = new quickstep::ParsePartitionClause(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $5, $8);
      }
    }
  }

partition_type:
  TOKEN_HASH {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, quickstep::kHashPartitionType);
  }
  | TOKEN_RANGE{
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, quickstep::kRangePartitionType);
  };

key_value_list:
  key_value {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseKeyValue>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | key_value_list ',' key_value {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($3);
  };

key_value:
  key_string_value {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | key_string_list {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | key_integer_value {
    $$ = $1;
  };

key_string_value:
  any_name any_name {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseKeyStringValue(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $2);
  }
  | any_name TOKEN_ALL {
    // This is a special case to handle the COMPRESS ALL option of the BLOCK PROPERTIES.
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseKeyStringValue(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1,
        new quickstep::ParseString(@2.first_line, @2.first_column, "ALL"));
  }

key_string_list:
  any_name '(' name_commalist ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseKeyStringList(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $3);
  };

key_integer_value:
  any_name TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL {
    if ($2->float_like()) {
      delete $2;
      $$ = nullptr;
      quickstep_yyerror(&@2, yyscanner, nullptr, "Value must be an integer");
      YYERROR;
    }
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseKeyIntegerValue(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $2);
  };

index_type:
  TOKEN_BITWEAVING {
    // Defaults to BitWeavingV, but IndexProperties can change this to H.
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column,
           std::to_string(quickstep::IndexSubBlockType::kBitWeavingV));
  }
  | TOKEN_BLOOM_FILTER {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column,
           std::to_string(quickstep::IndexSubBlockType::kBloomFilter));
  }
  | TOKEN_CSB_TREE {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column,
           std::to_string(quickstep::IndexSubBlockType::kCSBTree));
  }
  | TOKEN_SMA {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column,
           std::to_string(quickstep::IndexSubBlockType::kSMA));
  };

opt_index_properties:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | '(' key_value_list ')' {
    $$ = $2;
  };

/* Update Database Contents */
insert_statement:
  TOKEN_INSERT TOKEN_INTO any_name '(' name_commalist ')' TOKEN_VALUES '(' literal_value_commalist ')' {
    delete $3;
    delete $5;
    delete $9;
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@4, yyscanner, "list of column names in INSERT statement");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | TOKEN_INSERT TOKEN_INTO any_name TOKEN_VALUES '(' literal_value_commalist ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementInsertTuple(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $6);
  }
  | TOKEN_INSERT TOKEN_INTO any_name select_query {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementInsertSelection(@1.first_line, @2.first_column, $3, $4, nullptr);
  }
  | with_clause TOKEN_INSERT TOKEN_INTO any_name select_query {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementInsertSelection(@1.first_line, @2.first_column, $4, $5, $1);
  }
  ;

copy_from_statement:
  TOKEN_COPY any_name TOKEN_FROM TOKEN_STRING_SINGLE_QUOTED opt_copy_from_params {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementCopyFrom(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2, $4, $5);
  };

opt_copy_from_params:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_WITH '(' copy_from_params ')' {
    $$ = $3;
  };

copy_from_params:
  TOKEN_DELIMITER TOKEN_STRING_SINGLE_QUOTED {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseCopyFromParams(@1.first_line, @1.first_column);
    $$->set_delimiter($2);
  }
  | TOKEN_ESCAPE_STRINGS boolean_value {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseCopyFromParams(@1.first_line, @1.first_column);
    $$->escape_strings = $2;
  }
  | copy_from_params ',' TOKEN_DELIMITER TOKEN_STRING_SINGLE_QUOTED {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->set_delimiter($4);
  }
  | copy_from_params ',' TOKEN_ESCAPE_STRINGS boolean_value {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->escape_strings = $4;
  };

update_statement:
  TOKEN_UPDATE any_name TOKEN_SET assignment_list opt_where_clause {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementUpdate(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2, $4, $5);
  };

delete_statement:
  TOKEN_DELETE TOKEN_FROM any_name opt_where_clause {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementDelete(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $4);
  };

assignment_list:
  assignment_list ',' assignment_item {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($3);
  }
  | assignment_item {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseAssignment>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  };

assignment_item:
  any_name TOKEN_EQ add_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseAssignment(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $3);
  };

/**
 * Set Operation Queries.
 * Select Queries are now included in set operations.
 **/
set_operation_statement:
  set_operation_union opt_priority_clause {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementSetOperation(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, nullptr, $2);
  }
  | with_clause set_operation_union opt_priority_clause {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseStatementSetOperation(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2, $1, $3);
  };

opt_priority_clause:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_WITH TOKEN_PRIORITY TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL {
    if ($3->float_like()) {
      delete $3;
      $$ = nullptr;
      quickstep_yyerror(&@3, yyscanner, nullptr, "PRIORITY value must be an integer");
      YYERROR;
    } else {
      if ($3->long_value() <= 0) {
        delete $3;
        $$ = nullptr;
        quickstep_yyerror(&@3, yyscanner, nullptr, "PRIORITY value must be positive");
        YYERROR;
      } else {
        $$ = new quickstep::ParsePriority(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3);
      }
    }
  };

with_clause:
  TOKEN_WITH with_list {
    $$ = $2;
  }

with_list:
  with_list_element {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrVector<quickstep::ParseSubqueryTableReference>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | with_list ',' with_list_element {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($3);
  };

with_list_element:
  table_reference_signature_primary TOKEN_AS subquery_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSubqueryTableReference(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3);
    $$->set_table_reference_signature($1);
  };

set_operation_union:
  set_operation_union TOKEN_UNION opt_all_distinct set_operation_intersect {
    if ($3) {
      $$ = new quickstep::ParseSetOperation(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, quickstep::ParseSetOperation::kUnion);
    } else {
      $$ = new quickstep::ParseSetOperation(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, quickstep::ParseSetOperation::kUnionAll);
    }
    $$->addOperand($1);
    $$->addOperand($4);
  }
  | set_operation_intersect {
    $$ = $1;
  }

set_operation_intersect:
  set_operation_intersect TOKEN_INTERSECT select_query {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSetOperation(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, quickstep::ParseSetOperation::kIntersect);
    quickstep::ParseSetOperation *op = new quickstep::ParseSetOperation(
        @3.first_line, @3.first_column, quickstep::ParseSetOperation::kSelect);
    op->addOperand($3);
    $$->addOperand($1);
    $$->addOperand(op);
  }
  | select_query {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSetOperation(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, quickstep::ParseSetOperation::kSelect);
    $$->addOperand($1);
  }

select_query:
  TOKEN_SELECT opt_all_distinct selection from_clause opt_where_clause opt_group_by_clause opt_having_clause
      opt_order_by_clause opt_limit_clause opt_window_clause {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSelect(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10);
  }

opt_all_distinct:
  {
    $$ = true;  // Distinct
  }
  | TOKEN_ALL {
    $$ = false;  // All
  }
  | TOKEN_DISTINCT {
    $$ = true;  // Distinct
  };

selection:
  '*' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSelectionStar(@1.first_line, @1.first_column);
  }
  | selection_item_commalist {
    $$ = $1;
  };

selection_item_commalist:
  selection_item {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSelectionList(@1.first_line, @1.first_column);
    $$->add($1);
  }
  | selection_item_commalist ',' selection_item {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->add($3);
  };

selection_item:
  add_expression TOKEN_AS any_name {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSelectionItem(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $3);
  }
  | add_expression any_name {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSelectionItem(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $2);
  }
  | add_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSelectionItem(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1);
  };

from_clause:
  TOKEN_FROM joined_table_reference_commalist {
    $$ = $2;
  };

subquery_expression:
  '(' set_operation_union ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSubqueryExpression(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2);
  };

opt_sample_clause:
  {
    $$ = NULL;
  }
  | TOKEN_BLOCKSAMPLE TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL TOKEN_PERCENT {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSample(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, true, $2);
  }
  | TOKEN_TUPLESAMPLE TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL TOKEN_PERCENT {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSample(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, false, $2);
  };

join_type:
  {
    $$ = quickstep::ParseJoinedTableReference::JoinType::kInnerJoin;
  }
  | TOKEN_INNER {
    $$ = quickstep::ParseJoinedTableReference::JoinType::kInnerJoin;
  }
  | TOKEN_LEFT {
    $$ = quickstep::ParseJoinedTableReference::JoinType::kLeftOuterJoin;
  }
  | TOKEN_LEFT TOKEN_OUTER {
    $$ = quickstep::ParseJoinedTableReference::JoinType::kLeftOuterJoin;
  }
  | TOKEN_RIGHT {
    $$ = quickstep::ParseJoinedTableReference::JoinType::kRightOuterJoin;
  }
  | TOKEN_RIGHT TOKEN_OUTER {
    $$ = quickstep::ParseJoinedTableReference::JoinType::kRightOuterJoin;
  }
  | TOKEN_FULL {
    $$ = quickstep::ParseJoinedTableReference::JoinType::kFullOuterJoin;
  }
  | TOKEN_FULL TOKEN_OUTER {
    $$ = quickstep::ParseJoinedTableReference::JoinType::kFullOuterJoin;
  };

joined_table_reference:
  joined_table_reference join_type TOKEN_JOIN table_reference TOKEN_ON or_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseJoinedTableReference(@3.first_line, @3.first_column, $2, $1, $4, $6);
  }
  | table_reference {
    $$ = $1;
  };

table_reference:
  subquery_expression table_reference_signature {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSubqueryTableReference(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1);
    $$->set_table_reference_signature($2);
  }
  | any_name opt_sample_clause table_reference_signature {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSimpleTableReference(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $2);
    $$->set_table_reference_signature($3);
  }
  | any_name opt_sample_clause {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSimpleTableReference(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $2);
  }
  | function_call table_reference_signature {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseGeneratorTableReference(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1);
    $$->set_table_reference_signature($2);
  }
  | function_call {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseGeneratorTableReference(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1);
  }
  | '(' joined_table_reference ')' {
    $$ = $2;
  };

table_reference_signature:
  table_reference_signature_primary {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | TOKEN_AS table_reference_signature_primary {
    $$ = $2;
  };

table_reference_signature_primary:
  any_name {
    $$ = new ::quickstep::ParseTableReferenceSignature(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1);
  }
  | any_name '(' name_commalist ')' {
    $$ = new ::quickstep::ParseTableReferenceSignature(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $3);
  };

joined_table_reference_commalist:
  joined_table_reference {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseTableReference>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | joined_table_reference_commalist ',' joined_table_reference {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($3);
  };

opt_group_by_clause:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_GROUP TOKEN_BY expression_list {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseGroupBy(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3);
  };

opt_having_clause:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_HAVING or_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseHaving(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2);
  };

opt_order_by_clause:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_ORDER TOKEN_BY order_commalist {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseOrderBy(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3);
  };

opt_limit_clause:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_LIMIT TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL {
    if ($2->float_like()) {
      delete $2;
      $$ = nullptr;
      quickstep_yyerror(&@2, yyscanner, nullptr, "LIMIT value must be an integer");
      YYERROR;
    } else {
      if ($2->long_value() <= 0) {
        delete $2;
        $$ = nullptr;
        quickstep_yyerror(&@2, yyscanner, nullptr, "LIMIT value must be positive");
        YYERROR;
      } else {
        $$ = new quickstep::ParseLimit(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2);
      }
    }
  }

opt_window_clause:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | window_declaration_list {
    $$ = $1;
  }

window_declaration_list:
  window_declaration {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseWindow>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | window_declaration_list window_declaration {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($2);
  }

window_declaration:
  TOKEN_WINDOW any_name TOKEN_AS '(' window_definition ')' {
    $$ = $5;
    $$->setName($2);
  }

window_definition:
  opt_window_partition opt_window_order opt_window_frame {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseWindow(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $2, $3);
  };

opt_window_partition:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_PARTITION TOKEN_BY expression_list {
    $$ = $3;
  };

opt_window_order:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_ORDER TOKEN_BY order_commalist  {
    $$ = $3;
  };

opt_window_frame:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | frame_mode TOKEN_BETWEEN frame_preceding TOKEN_AND frame_following {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseFrameInfo(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $3->long_value(), $5->long_value());
  };

frame_mode:
  TOKEN_ROWS {
    $$ = true;
  }
  | TOKEN_RANGE {
    $$ = false;
  };

frame_preceding:
  TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL TOKEN_PRECEDING
  | TOKEN_UNBOUNDED TOKEN_PRECEDING {
    $$ = new quickstep::NumericParseLiteralValue(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, "-1");
  }
  | TOKEN_CURRENT TOKEN_ROW {
    $$ = new quickstep::NumericParseLiteralValue(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, "0");
  };

frame_following:
  TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL TOKEN_FOLLOWING
  | TOKEN_UNBOUNDED TOKEN_FOLLOWING {
    $$ = new quickstep::NumericParseLiteralValue(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, "-1");
  }
  | TOKEN_CURRENT TOKEN_ROW {
    $$ = new quickstep::NumericParseLiteralValue(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, "0");
  };

order_commalist:
  order_item {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseOrderByItem>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | order_commalist ',' order_item {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($3);
  };

order_item:
  add_expression opt_order_direction opt_nulls_first {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseOrderByItem(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $2, $3);
    delete $2;
    delete $3;
  };

opt_order_direction:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_ASC {
    $$ = new bool(true);
  }
  | TOKEN_DESC {
    $$ = new bool(false);
  };

opt_nulls_first:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | TOKEN_NULLS TOKEN_FIRST {
    $$ = new bool(true);
  }
  | TOKEN_NULLS TOKEN_LAST {
    $$ = new bool(false);
  };

/* Predicates */
opt_where_clause:
  {
    $$ = nullptr;
  }
  | where_clause {
    $$ = $1;
  };

where_clause:
  TOKEN_WHERE or_expression {
    $$ = $2;
  };

or_expression:
  or_expression TOKEN_OR and_expression {
    if ($1->getParsePredicateType() == quickstep::ParsePredicate::kDisjunction) {
      $$ = $1;
    } else {
      $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateDisjunction(@1.first_line, @1.first_column);
      static_cast<quickstep::ParsePredicateDisjunction *>($$)->addPredicate($1);
    }
    static_cast<quickstep::ParsePredicateDisjunction *>($$)->addPredicate($3);
  }
  | and_expression {
    $$ = $1;
  };

and_expression:
  and_expression TOKEN_AND not_expression {
    if ($1->getParsePredicateType() == quickstep::ParsePredicate::kConjunction) {
      $$ = $1;
    } else {
      $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateConjunction(@1.first_line, @1.first_column);
      static_cast<quickstep::ParsePredicateConjunction *>($$)->addPredicate($1);
    }
    static_cast<quickstep::ParsePredicateConjunction *>($$)->addPredicate($3);
  }
  | not_expression {
    $$ = $1;
  };

not_expression:
  TOKEN_NOT predicate_expression_base {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateNegation(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2);
  }
  | predicate_expression_base {
    $$ = $1;
  };

predicate_expression_base:
  add_expression TOKEN_BETWEEN add_expression TOKEN_AND add_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateBetween(@2.first_line, @2.first_column, $1, $3, $5);
  }
  | add_expression TOKEN_NOT TOKEN_BETWEEN add_expression TOKEN_AND add_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateNegation(
        @2.first_line, @2.first_column,
        new quickstep::ParsePredicateBetween(@3.first_line, @3.first_column, $1, $4, $6));
  }
  | attribute_ref TOKEN_IS TOKEN_NOT TOKEN_NULL {
    delete $1;
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@2, yyscanner, "NULL comparison predicates");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | attribute_ref TOKEN_IS TOKEN_NULL {
    delete $1;
    $$ = nullptr;
    NotSupported(&@2, yyscanner, "NULL comparison predicates");
    YYERROR;
  }
  | add_expression comparison_operation add_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateComparison(@2.first_line, @2.first_column, *$2, $1, $3);
  }
  | '(' or_expression ')' {
    $$ = $2;
  }
  | TOKEN_EXISTS subquery_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateExists(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2);
  }
  | add_expression TOKEN_IN subquery_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateInTableQuery(@2.first_line, @2.first_column, $1, $3);
  }
  | add_expression TOKEN_IN '(' expression_list ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateInValueList(@2.first_line, @2.first_column, $1, $4);
  }
  | add_expression TOKEN_NOT TOKEN_IN subquery_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateNegation(
        @2.first_line,
        @2.first_column,
        new quickstep::ParsePredicateInTableQuery(@3.first_line, @3.first_column, $1, $4));
  }
  | add_expression TOKEN_NOT TOKEN_IN '(' expression_list ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParsePredicateNegation(
        @2.first_line,
        @2.first_column,
        new quickstep::ParsePredicateInValueList(@3.first_line, @3.first_column, $1, $5));
  };

/* Scalars */
add_expression:
  add_expression add_operation multiply_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseBinaryExpression(@2.first_line, @2.first_column, *$2, $1, $3);
  }
  | multiply_expression {
    $$ = $1;
  };

multiply_expression:
  multiply_expression multiply_operation unary_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseBinaryExpression(@2.first_line, @2.first_column, *$2, $1, $3);
  }
  | unary_expression {
    $$ = $1;
  };

unary_expression:
  unary_operation expression_base {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseUnaryExpression(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, *$1, $2);
  }
  | expression_base {
    $$ = $1;
  };

expression_base:
  attribute_ref {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | literal_value {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseScalarLiteral($1);
  }
  | function_call {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | function_call TOKEN_OVER any_name {
    $1->setWindowName($3);
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | function_call TOKEN_OVER '(' window_definition ')' {
    $1->setWindow($4);
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | extract_function {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | substr_function {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | case_expression {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | '(' add_expression ')' {
    $$ = $2;
  }
  | subquery_expression {
    $$ = $1;
  };

function_call:
  any_name '(' ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseFunctionCall(
        @1.first_line, @1.first_column, false, $1, new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseExpression>());
  }
  | any_name '(' '*' ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseFunctionCall(
        @1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, new quickstep::ParseStar(@3.first_line, @3.first_column));
  }
  | any_name '(' expression_list ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseFunctionCall(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, false, $1, $3);
  };
  | any_name '(' TOKEN_DISTINCT expression_list ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseFunctionCall(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, true, $1, $4);
  };

extract_function:
  TOKEN_EXTRACT '(' datetime_unit TOKEN_FROM add_expression ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseExtractFunction(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $5);
  };

substr_function:
  TOKEN_SUBSTRING '(' add_expression TOKEN_FROM TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSubstringFunction(
        @1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $5->long_value());
  }
  | TOKEN_SUBSTRING '(' add_expression TOKEN_FROM TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL TOKEN_FOR TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL ')' {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSubstringFunction(
        @1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $5->long_value(), $7->long_value());
  };

case_expression:
  TOKEN_CASE add_expression simple_when_clause_list opt_else_clause TOKEN_END {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSimpleCaseExpression(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2, $3, $4);
  }
  | TOKEN_CASE searched_when_clause_list opt_else_clause TOKEN_END {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSearchedCaseExpression(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2, $3);
  };

simple_when_clause_list:
  simple_when_clause {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrVector<quickstep::ParseSimpleWhenClause>;
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | simple_when_clause_list simple_when_clause {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($2);
  };

simple_when_clause:
  TOKEN_WHEN add_expression TOKEN_THEN add_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSimpleWhenClause(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2, $4);
  };

searched_when_clause_list:
  searched_when_clause {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrVector<quickstep::ParseSearchedWhenClause>;
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | searched_when_clause_list searched_when_clause {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($2);
  };

searched_when_clause:
  TOKEN_WHEN or_expression TOKEN_THEN add_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseSearchedWhenClause(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $2, $4);
  };

opt_else_clause:
  {
    $$ = NULL;
  }
  | TOKEN_ELSE add_expression {
    $$ = $2;
  };

expression_list:
  add_expression {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseExpression>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | expression_list ',' add_expression {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($3);
  };

literal_value:
  TOKEN_NULL {
    $$ = new quickstep::NullParseLiteralValue(@1.first_line, @1.first_column);
  }
  | TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | '+' TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL %prec UNARY_PLUS {
    $$ = $2;
  }
  | '-' TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL %prec UNARY_MINUS {
    /**
     * NOTE(chasseur): This case exhibits a shift/reduce conflict with the
     * minus character as a 'unary_operation' followed by a numeric literal.
     * Because Bison prefers to shift rather than reduce, this case has
     * precedence (i.e. the parser will prefer to interpret the ambiguous
     * pattern as a negative number literal rather than a unary minus operation
     * applied to a non-negative number literal).
     **/
    $2->prependMinus();
    $$ = $2;
  }
  | TOKEN_STRING_SINGLE_QUOTED {
    $$ = new quickstep::StringParseLiteralValue($1,
                                                nullptr);  // No explicit type.
  }
  | TOKEN_INTERVAL TOKEN_STRING_SINGLE_QUOTED {
    /**
     * NOTE(chasseur): This case exhibits a shift/reduce conflict with the
     * plain TOKEN_INTERVAL case in 'data_type' reduced and used in the case
     * below. Because Bison prefers to shift rather than reduce, this case has
     * precedence (i.e. the special
     * StringParseLiteralValue::ParseAmbiguousInterval() method will be used to
     * parse the string as either one of the interval types, rather than an
     * error being emitted because of an ambiguous type).
     **/
    quickstep::StringParseLiteralValue *parse_value;
    if (quickstep::StringParseLiteralValue::ParseAmbiguousInterval($2, &parse_value)) {
      $$ = parse_value;
    } else {
      $$ = nullptr;
      quickstep_yyerror(&@2, yyscanner, nullptr, "Failed to parse literal as specified type");
      YYERROR;
    }
  }
  | TOKEN_INTERVAL TOKEN_STRING_SINGLE_QUOTED datetime_unit {
    quickstep::StringParseLiteralValue *parse_value;
    const std::string &datetime_type_value = $3->value();
    if (quickstep::StringParseLiteralValue::ParseAmbiguousInterval(
        &($2->append((" " + datetime_type_value).c_str(), datetime_type_value.length() + 1)),
        &parse_value)) {
      $$ = parse_value;
    } else {
      $$ = nullptr;
      quickstep_yyerror(&@3, yyscanner, nullptr, "Failed to parse literal as specified type");
      YYERROR;
    }
  }
  | data_type TOKEN_STRING_SINGLE_QUOTED {
    quickstep::StringParseLiteralValue *parse_value
        = new quickstep::StringParseLiteralValue($2, &($1->getType()));
    delete $1;
    if (!parse_value->tryExplicitTypeParse()) {
      delete parse_value;
      $$ = nullptr;
      quickstep_yyerror(&@2, yyscanner, nullptr, "Failed to parse literal as specified type");
      YYERROR;
    } else {
      $$ = parse_value;
    }
  }

datetime_unit:
  TOKEN_YEAR {
     $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, std::string("YEAR"));
  }
  | TOKEN_MONTH {
     $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, std::string("MONTH"));
  }
  | TOKEN_DAY {
     $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, std::string("DAY"));
  }
  | TOKEN_HOUR {
     $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, std::string("HOUR"));
  }
  | TOKEN_MINUTE {
     $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, std::string("MINUTE"));
  }
  | TOKEN_SECOND {
     $$ = new quickstep::ParseString(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, std::string("SECOND"));
  };

literal_value_commalist:
  literal_value {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseScalarLiteral>();
    $$->push_back(new quickstep::ParseScalarLiteral($1));
  }
  | literal_value_commalist ',' literal_value {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back(new quickstep::ParseScalarLiteral($3));
  };

attribute_ref:
  any_name {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseAttribute(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1);
  }
  | any_name '.' any_name {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseAttribute(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $3, $1);
  };

attribute_ref_list:
  attribute_ref {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseAttribute>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | attribute_ref_list ',' attribute_ref {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($3);
  }

/* Operations from libtypes */
comparison_operation:
  TOKEN_EQ {
    $$ = &quickstep::ComparisonFactory::GetComparison(quickstep::ComparisonID::kEqual);
  }
  | TOKEN_NEQ {
    $$ = &quickstep::ComparisonFactory::GetComparison(quickstep::ComparisonID::kNotEqual);
  }
  | TOKEN_LT {
    $$ = &quickstep::ComparisonFactory::GetComparison(quickstep::ComparisonID::kLess);
  }
  | TOKEN_LEQ {
    $$ = &quickstep::ComparisonFactory::GetComparison(quickstep::ComparisonID::kLessOrEqual);
  }
  | TOKEN_GT {
    $$ = &quickstep::ComparisonFactory::GetComparison(quickstep::ComparisonID::kGreater);
  }
  | TOKEN_GEQ {
    $$ = &quickstep::ComparisonFactory::GetComparison(quickstep::ComparisonID::kGreaterOrEqual);
  }
  | TOKEN_LIKE {
    $$ =  &quickstep::ComparisonFactory::GetComparison(quickstep::ComparisonID::kLike);
  }
  | TOKEN_NOT TOKEN_LIKE {
    $$ =  &quickstep::ComparisonFactory::GetComparison(quickstep::ComparisonID::kNotLike);
  }
  | TOKEN_REGEXP {
    $$ =  &quickstep::ComparisonFactory::GetComparison(quickstep::ComparisonID::kRegexMatch);
  }
  | TOKEN_NOT TOKEN_REGEXP {
    $$ =  &quickstep::ComparisonFactory::GetComparison(quickstep::ComparisonID::kNotRegexMatch);
  };

unary_operation:
  '-' %prec UNARY_MINUS {
    /**
     * NOTE(chasseur): This case exhibits a shift/reduce conflict with the
     * '-' TOKEN_UNSIGNED_NUMVAL case in 'literal_value'. Because Bison prefers
     * to shift rather than reduce, the case in 'literal_value' has precedence
     * over this one.
     **/
    $$ = &quickstep::UnaryOperationFactory::GetUnaryOperation(quickstep::UnaryOperationID::kNegate);
  };

add_operation:
  '+' {
    $$ = &quickstep::BinaryOperationFactory::GetBinaryOperation(quickstep::BinaryOperationID::kAdd);
  }
  | '-' {
    $$ = &quickstep::BinaryOperationFactory::GetBinaryOperation(quickstep::BinaryOperationID::kSubtract);
  };

multiply_operation:
  '%' {
    $$ = &quickstep::BinaryOperationFactory::GetBinaryOperation(quickstep::BinaryOperationID::kModulo);
  }
  | '*' {
    $$ = &quickstep::BinaryOperationFactory::GetBinaryOperation(quickstep::BinaryOperationID::kMultiply);
  }
  | '/' {
    $$ = &quickstep::BinaryOperationFactory::GetBinaryOperation(quickstep::BinaryOperationID::kDivide);
  };

/* General Utility Stuff */
name_commalist:
  any_name {
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrList<quickstep::ParseString>();
    $$->push_back($1);
  }
  | name_commalist ',' any_name {
    $$ = $1;
    $$->push_back($3);
  };

any_name:
  TOKEN_NAME {
    $$ = $1;
  }
  | TOKEN_STRING_DOUBLE_QUOTED {
    if ($1->value().empty()) {
      quickstep_yyerror(&@1, yyscanner, nullptr, "Zero-length identifier");
    }
    $$ = $1;
  };

boolean_value:
  TOKEN_TRUE {
    $$ = true;
  }
  | TOKEN_ON {
    $$ = true;
  }
  | TOKEN_FALSE {
    $$ = false;
  }
  | TOKEN_OFF {
    $$ = false;
  };

/* Command Statments */
command:
  TOKEN_COMMAND command_argument_list {
    $$ = new quickstep::ParseCommand(@1.first_line, @1.first_column, $1, $2);
  };

command_argument_list:
  command_argument_list TOKEN_COMMAND {
    quickstep::PtrVector<quickstep::ParseString> *argument_list = $1;
    argument_list->push_back($2);
    $$ = argument_list;
  }
  | { /* Epsilon, an empy match. */
    $$ = new quickstep::PtrVector<quickstep::ParseString>();
  }

%%

void NotSupported(const YYLTYPE *location, yyscan_t yyscanner, const std::string &feature) {
  std::string msg;
  msg.append(feature);
  msg.append(" is not supported yet");

  quickstep_yyerror(location, yyscanner, nullptr, msg.c_str());
}

int quickstep_yyget_line_number(const YYLTYPE *yyloc) {
  return yyloc->first_line;
}

int quickstep_yyget_column_number(const YYLTYPE *yyloc) {
  return yyloc->first_column;
}