Vagrant is a tool for setting up development environments in a VM. It automatically takes care of fetching a base OS image, installing additional software, and setting it up so you can easily ssh into a VM and get to work. It also handles sharing directories (like source repos) between the host and the VM so that you can, for instance, edit code using your preferred editor on your machine as usual, and compile inside the Vagrant-managed VM without having to do any additional steps to sync code. Cool!
The main reason to use Vagrant on a project like Quickstep is to have well-known OS environments to build and test code in during development. For instance, if you are developing on a Mac but are working on features related to libnuma on Linux, you can use the Debian Vagrant box which gives you a full Linux OS and toolchain with libnuma included.
vagrant up. Several boxes are provided for Quickstep development (see “Quickstep Boxes” below). The debian-jessie-amd64 box is a good default choice. Running vagrant up may take a few minutes the first time you bring up a box, because vagrant has to first download a base OS image, then run scripts to install additional software in it. You can expect the boot process to go much faster after the first time.vagrant ssh to ssh into your VM. The Vagrant boxes for quickstep should have all the dev tools you need (compilers, cmake, protobufs, flex, bison, and debuggers). The quickstep source repo will be shared and mounted at /quickstep in the VM.vagrant halt to shut it down. This will gracefully shut down the VM and keep the full VM image around so that you can boot back into it quickly the next time you run vagrant up. If you want to completely eliminate the VM from your host and clean up everything, you can type vagrant destroy. You can still recreate the box by doing vagrant up, but it will start from scratch and take a few minutes.The Vagrantfiles for our boxes are set up to give 4 CPU cores and 8 GB of RAM to the VM. If your host machine is under or over-powered relative to that (and keep in mind that your host OS needs some RAM, too), you can edit the Vagrantfile to change the resources given to the VM. Look for a code section like the following:
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.memory = 8192 vb.cpus = 4 end
vb.memory indicates the VM RAM in megabytes, vb.cpus indicates the number of CPU cores. Adjust to your liking.
The debian-jessie-amd64 directory contains a vagrant box for Debian GNU/Linux 8 “Jessie”. It has GCC 4.9, Clang 3.5, GDB, LLDB, CMake, protobufs, flex, bison, and git installed.
The freebsd-10.2-amd64 directory contains a vagrant box for FreeBSD 10.2-STABLE. It has Clang 3.4 (the default system compiler) and Clang 3.7 (installed under /usr/local/bin/clang37), as well as LLDB, CMake, protobufs, flex, bison, and git installed.
The FreeBSD box uses NFS to share files with the host. This means you need administrator (i.e. sudoer) permissions on the host to export the shared directories. Vagrant will automate setting this up for you, but it may ask for a password at some point when you run vagrant up.
Note that the FreeBSD image auto-updates itself on boot before the SSH server comes up, so do not be alarmed if you get a bunch of “remote connection disconnect” warnings when you run vagrant up, it should eventually succeed.
The ubuntu-precise-amd64 directory contains a vagrant box for Ubuntu 12.04 LTS “Precise”. This is the same distro as is used in Travis Linux workers for our continuous integration setup, and the installed development packages should be the same as on Travis. This box is intended mainly for debugging problems with Travis. For regular Linux development, it's recommended to use the Debian Jessie box instead, as it has a more recent and complete set of tools.