---
active_crumb: Light Switch RU <code><sub>ex</sub></code>
layout: documentation
id: light_switch_ru
fa_icon: fa-cube
---

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<div class="col-md-8 second-column example">
    <section id="overview">
        <h2 class="section-title">Overview <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            This example provides a very simple Russian language implementation for NLI-powered light switch. You can say something like
            "Выключи свет по всем доме" or "Включи свет в детской".
            By modifying intent callbacks using, for example, HomeKit or Arduino-based controllers you can provide the
            actual light switching.
        </p>
        <p>
            <b>Complexity:</b> <span class="complexity-two-star"><i class="fas fa-square"></i> <i class="fas fa-square"></i> <i class="far fa-square"></i></span><br/>
            <span class="ex-src">Source code: <a target="github" href="https://github.com/apache/incubator-nlpcraft/tree/master/nlpcraft-examples/lightswitch_ru">GitHub <i class="fab fa-fw fa-github"></i></a><br/></span>
            <span class="ex-review-all">Review: <a target="github" href="https://github.com/apache/incubator-nlpcraft/tree/master/nlpcraft-examples">All Examples at GitHub <i class="fab fa-fw fa-github"></i></a></span>
        </p>
    </section>
    <section id="new_project">
        <h2 class="section-title">Create New Project <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            You can create new Scala projects in many ways - we'll use SBT
            to accomplish this task. Make sure that <code>build.sbt</code> file has the following content:
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: js, highlight: [7, 8, 9, 10]">
            ThisBuild / version := "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"
            ThisBuild / scalaVersion := "3.2.2"
            lazy val root = (project in file("."))
              .settings(
                name := "NLPCraft LightSwitch RU Example",
                version := "{{site.latest_version}}",
                libraryDependencies += "org.apache.nlpcraft" % "nlpcraft" % "{{site.latest_version}}",
                libraryDependencies += "org.apache.lucene" % "lucene-analyzers-common" % "8.11.2",
                libraryDependencies += "org.languagetool" % "languagetool-core" % "6.0",
                libraryDependencies += "org.languagetool" % "language-ru" % "6.0",
                libraryDependencies += "org.scalatest" %% "scalatest" % "3.2.15" % "test"
              )
        </pre>

        <p>
            <code>Lines 8, 9 and 10</code> add libraries which used for support base NLP operations with Russian language.
        </p>

        <p><b>NOTE: </b>use the latest versions of Scala and ScalaTest.</p>
        <p>Create the following files so that resulting project structure would look like the following:</p>
        <ul>
            <li><code>lightswitch_model_ru.yaml</code> - YAML configuration file which contains model description.</li>
            <li><code>LightSwitchRuModel.scala</code> - Model implementation.</li>
            <li>
                <code>NCRuSemanticEntityParser.scala</code> - Semantic entity parser, custom implementation of
                {% scaladoc nlp/parsers/NCSemanticEntityParser NCSemanticEntityParser %}
                for Russian language.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>NCRuLemmaPosTokenEnricher.scala</code> - Lemma and point of speech token enricher, custom implementation of
                {% scaladoc NCTokenEnricher NCTokenEnricher %}
                for Russian language.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>NCRuStopWordsTokenEnricher.scala</code> - Stop-words token enricher, custom implementation of
                {% scaladoc NCTokenEnricher NCTokenEnricher %}
                for Russian language.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>NCRuTokenParser.scala</code> - Token parser, custom implementation of
                {% scaladoc NCTokenParser NCTokenParser %}
                for Russian language.
            </li>
            <li><code>LightSwitchRuModelSpec.scala</code> - Test that allows to test your model.</li>
        </ul>
        <pre class="brush: plain, highlight: [7, 10, 14, 17, 18, 20, 24]">
            |  build.sbt
            +--project
            |    build.properties
            \--src
               +--main
               |  +--resources
               |  |  lightswitch_model_ru.yaml
               |  \--scala
               |     \--demo
               |        |  LightSwitchRuModel.scala
               |        \--nlp
               |           +--entity
               |           |  \--parser
               |           |       NCRuSemanticEntityParser.scala
               |           \--token
               |              +--enricher
               |              |    NCRuLemmaPosTokenEnricher.scala
               |              |    NCRuStopWordsTokenEnricher.scala
               |              \--parser
               |                   NCRuTokenParser.scala
               \--test
                   \--scala
                       \--demo
                            LightSwitchRuModelSpec.scala
        </pre>
    </section>
    <section id="model">
        <h2 class="section-title">Data Model<a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            We are going to start with declaring the static part of our model using YAML which we will later load
            in our Scala-based model implementation.
            Open <code>src/main/resources/<b>lightswitch_model_ru.yaml</b></code>
            file and replace its content with the following YAML:
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: js, highlight: [1, 8, 13, 21]">
            macros:
              "&lt;TURN_ON&gt;" : "{включить|включать|врубить|врубать|запустить|запускать|зажигать|зажечь}"
              "&lt;TURN_OFF&gt;" : "{погасить|загасить|гасить|выключить|выключать|вырубить|вырубать|отключить|отключать|убрать|убирать|приглушить|приглушать|стоп}"
              "&lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt;" : "{весь|все|всё|повсюду|вокруг|полностью|везде|_}"
              "&lt;LIGHT_OPT&gt;" : "{это|лампа|бра|люстра|светильник|лампочка|лампа|освещение|свет|электричество|электрика|_}"

            elements:
              - type: "ls:loc"
                description: "Location of lights."
                synonyms:
                  - "&lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt; {здание|помещение|дом|кухня|детская|кабинет|гостиная|спальня|ванная|туалет|{большая|обеденная|ванная|детская|туалетная} комната}"

              - type: "ls:on"
                groups:
                  - "act"
                description: "Light switch ON action."
                synonyms:
                  - "&lt;LIGHT_OPT&gt; &lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt; &lt;TURN_ON&gt;"
                  - "&lt;TURN_ON&gt; &lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt; &lt;LIGHT_OPT&gt;"

              - type: "ls:off"
                groups:
                  - "act"
                description: "Light switch OFF action."
                synonyms:
                  - "&lt;LIGHT_OPT&gt; &lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt; &lt;TURN_OFF&gt;"
                  - "&lt;TURN_OFF&gt; &lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt; &lt;LIGHT_OPT&gt;"
                  - "без &lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt; &lt;LIGHT_OPT&gt;"
        </pre>

        <ul>
            <li>
                <code>Line 1</code> defines several macros that are used later on throughout the model's elements
                to shorten the synonym declarations. Note how macros coupled with option groups  
                shorten overall synonym declarations 1000:1 vs. manually listing all possible word permutations.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Lines 8, 13, 21</code> define three model elements: the location of the light, and actions to turn
                the light on and off. Action elements belong to the same group <code>act</code> which
                will be used in our intent, defined in <code>LightSwitchRuModel</code> class. Note that these model
                elements are defined mostly through macros we have defined above.

            </li>
        </ul>
        <div class="bq info">
            <p><b>YAML vs. API</b></p>
            <p>
                As usual, this YAML-based static model definition is convenient but totally optional. All elements definitions
                can be provided programmatically inside Scala model <code>LightSwitchRuModel</code> class as well.
            </p>
        </div>
    </section>
    <section id="code">
        <h2 class="section-title">Model Class <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            Open <code>src/main/scala/demo/<b>LightSwitchRuModel.scala</b></code> file and replace its content with the following code:
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: scala, highlight: [11, 12, 13, 20, 21, 24, 25, 32]">
            package demo

            import com.google.gson.Gson
            import org.apache.nlpcraft.*
            import org.apache.nlpcraft.annotations.*
            import demo.nlp.entity.parser.NCRuSemanticEntityParser
            import demo.nlp.token.enricher.*
            import demo.nlp.token.parser.NCRuTokenParser
            import scala.jdk.CollectionConverters.*

            class LightSwitchRuModel extends NCModel(
                NCModelConfig("nlpcraft.lightswitch.ru.ex", "LightSwitch Example Model RU", "1.0"),
                new NCPipelineBuilder().
                    withTokenParser(new NCRuTokenParser()).
                    withTokenEnricher(new NCRuLemmaPosTokenEnricher()).
                    withTokenEnricher(new NCRuStopWordsTokenEnricher()).
                    withEntityParser(new NCRuSemanticEntityParser("lightswitch_model_ru.yaml")).
                    build
            ):
                @NCIntent("intent=ls term(act)={has(ent_groups, 'act')} term(loc)={# == 'ls:loc'}*")
                def onMatch(
                    ctx: NCContext,
                    im: NCIntentMatch,
                    @NCIntentTerm("act") actEnt: NCEntity,
                    @NCIntentTerm("loc") locEnts: List[NCEntity]
                ): NCResult =
                    val action = if actEnt.getType == "ls:on" then "включить" else "выключить"
                    val locations = if locEnts.isEmpty then "весь дом" else locEnts.map(_.mkText).mkString(", ")

                    // Add HomeKit, Arduino or other integration here.
                    // By default - just return a descriptive action string.
                    NCResult(new Gson().toJson(Map("locations" -> locations, "action" -> action).asJava))
        </pre>
        <p>
            The intent callback logic is very simple - we return a descriptive confirmation message
            back (explaining what lights were changed). With action and location detected, you can add
            the actual light switching using HomeKit or Arduino devices. Let's review this implementation step by step:
        </p>
        <ul>
            <li>
                On <code>line 11</code> our class extends {% scaladoc NCModel NCModel %} with two mandatory parameters.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Line 12</code> creates model configuration with most default parameters.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Line 13</code> creates pipeline based on custom Russian language components:
                <ul>
                    <li><code>NCRuTokenParser</code> - Token parser.</li>
                    <li><code>NCRuLemmaPosTokenEnricher</code> - Lemma and point of speech token enricher.</li>
                    <li><code>NCRuStopWordsTokenEnricher</code> - Stop-words token enricher.</li>
                    <li><code>NCRuSemanticEntityParser</code> - Semantic entity parser extending.</li>
                </ul>
                Note that <code>NCRuSemanticEntityParser</code> is based on semantic model definition
                described in <code>lightswitch_model_ru.yaml</code> file.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Lines 20 and 21</code> annotate intents <code>ls</code> and its callback method <code>onMatch()</code>.
                Intent <code>ls</code> requires one action (a token belonging to the group <code>act</code>) and optional list of light locations
                (zero or more tokens with ID <code>ls:loc</code>) - by default we assume the entire house as a default location.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Lines 24 and 25</code> map terms from detected intent to the formal method parameters of the
                <code>onMatch()</code> method.
            </li>
            <li>
                On the <code>line 32</code> the intent callback simply returns a confirmation message.
            </li>
        </ul>

     </section>
     <section id="custom">
        <h2 class="section-title">Custom Components <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>

        <p>
            Open <code>src/main/scala/demo/nlp/token/parser/<b>NCRuTokenParser.scala</b></code> file and replace its content with the following code:
        </p>

        <pre class="brush: scala, highlight: [19]">
            package demo.nlp.token.parser

            import org.apache.nlpcraft.*
            import org.languagetool.tokenizers.WordTokenizer
            import scala.jdk.CollectionConverters.*

            class NCRuTokenParser extends NCTokenParser:
                private val tokenizer = new WordTokenizer

                override def tokenize(text: String): List[NCToken] =
                    val toks = collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer.empty[NCToken]
                    var sumLen = 0

                    for ((word, idx) <- tokenizer.tokenize(text).asScala.zipWithIndex)
                        val start = sumLen
                        val end = sumLen + word.length

                        if word.strip.nonEmpty then
                            toks += new NCPropertyMapAdapter with NCToken:
                                override def getText: String = word
                                override def getIndex: Int = idx
                                override def getStartCharIndex: Int = start
                                override def getEndCharIndex: Int = end

                        sumLen = end

                    toks.toList
        </pre>

        <ul>
            <li>
                <code>NCRuTokenParser</code> is a simple wrapper which implements
                {% scaladoc NCTokenParser NCTokenParser %}
                based on open source <a href="https://languagetool.org">Language Tool</a> library.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Line 19</code> creates the {% scaladoc NCToken NCToken %} instance.
            </li>
        </ul>        

        <p>
            Open <code>src/main/scala/demo/nlp/token/enricher/<b>NCRuLemmaPosTokenEnricher.scala</b></code> file and replace its content with the following code:
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: scala, highlight: [27, 28]">
            package demo.nlp.token.enricher

            import org.apache.nlpcraft.*
            import org.languagetool.AnalyzedToken
            import org.languagetool.tagging.ru.RussianTagger
            import scala.jdk.CollectionConverters.*

            class NCRuLemmaPosTokenEnricher extends NCTokenEnricher:
                private def nvl(v: String, dflt : => String): String = if v != null then v else dflt

                override def enrich(req: NCRequest, cfg: NCModelConfig, toks: List[NCToken]): Unit =
                    val tags = RussianTagger.INSTANCE.tag(toks.map(_.getText).asJava).asScala

                    require(toks.size == tags.size)

                    toks.zip(tags).foreach { case (tok, tag) =>
                        val readings = tag.getReadings.asScala

                        val (lemma, pos) = readings.size match
                            // No data. Lemma is word as is, POS is undefined.
                            case 0 => (tok.getText, "")
                            // Takes first. Other variants ignored.
                            case _ =>
                                val aTok: AnalyzedToken = readings.head
                                (nvl(aTok.getLemma, tok.getText), nvl(aTok.getPOSTag, ""))

                        tok.put("pos", pos)
                        tok.put("lemma", lemma)

                        () // Otherwise NPE.
                    }
        </pre>

        <ul>
            <li>
                <code>NCRuLemmaPosTokenEnricher</code> lemma and point of speech tokens enricher is based on
                open source <a href="https://languagetool.org">Language Tool</a> library.
            </li>
            <li>
                On <code>line 27 and 28</code> the tokens are enriched by <code>pos</code> and <code>lemma</code> data.
            </li>
        </ul>        

        <p>
            Open <code>src/main/scala/demo/nlp/token/enricher/<b>NCRuStopWordsTokenEnricher.scala</b></code> file and replace its content with the following code:
        </p>

        <pre class="brush: scala, highlight: [17]">
            package demo.nlp.token.enricher

            import org.apache.lucene.analysis.ru.RussianAnalyzer
            import org.apache.nlpcraft.*

            class NCRuStopWordsTokenEnricher extends NCTokenEnricher:
                private val stops = RussianAnalyzer.getDefaultStopSet

                private def getPos(t: NCToken): String = t.get("pos").getOrElse(throw new NCException("POS not found in token."))
                private def getLemma(t: NCToken): String = t.get("lemma").getOrElse(throw new NCException("Lemma not found in token."))

                override def enrich(req: NCRequest, cfg: NCModelConfig, toks: List[NCToken]): Unit =
                    for (t <- toks)
                        val lemma = getLemma(t)
                        lazy val pos = getPos(t)

                        t.put(
                            "stopword",
                            lemma.length == 1 && !Character.isLetter(lemma.head) && !Character.isDigit(lemma.head) ||
                            stops.contains(lemma.toLowerCase) ||
                            pos.startsWith("PARTICLE") ||
                            pos.startsWith("INTERJECTION") ||
                            pos.startsWith("PREP")
                        )
        </pre>

        <ul>
            <li>
                <code>NCRuStopWordsTokenEnricher</code> is a stop-words tokens enricher based on
                open source <a href="https://lucene.apache.org/">Apache Lucene</a> library.
            </li>
            <li>
                On <code>line 17</code> tokens are enriched by <code>stopword</code> flags data.
            </li>
        </ul>        

        <p>
            Open <code>src/main/scala/demo/nlp/entity/parser/<b>NCRuSemanticEntityParser.scala</b></code> file and replace its content with the following code:
        </p>

        <pre class="brush: scala, highlight: [8, 12]">
            package demo.nlp.entity.parser

            import opennlp.tools.stemmer.snowball.SnowballStemmer
            import demo.nlp.token.parser.NCRuTokenParser
            import org.apache.nlpcraft.nlp.parsers.*
            import org.apache.nlpcraft.nlp.stemmer.NCStemmer

            class NCRuSemanticEntityParser(src: String) extends NCSemanticEntityParser(
                new NCStemmer:
                    private val stemmer = new SnowballStemmer(SnowballStemmer.ALGORITHM.RUSSIAN)
                    override def stem(txt: String): String = stemmer.synchronized { stemmer.stem(txt.toLowerCase).toString }
                ,
                new NCRuTokenParser(),
                src
            )
        </pre>

        <ul>
            <li>
                <code>NCRuSemanticEntityParser</code> extends {% scaladoc nlp/parsers/NCSemanticEntityParser NCSemanticEntityParser %}.
                It uses stemmer implementation from <a href="https://opennlp.apache.org/">Apache OpenNLP</a> project.
            </li>
        </ul>        
    </section>

    <section id="testing">
        <h2 class="section-title">Testing <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            The test defined in <code>LightSwitchRuModelSpec</code> allows to check that all input test sentences are
            processed correctly and trigger the expected intent <code>ls</code>:
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: scala, highlight: [9, 11]">
            package demo

            import org.apache.nlpcraft.*
            import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
            import scala.util.Using

            class LightSwitchRuModelSpec extends AnyFunSuite:
                test("test") {
                    Using.resource(new NCModelClient(new LightSwitchRuModel)) { client =>
                        def check(txt: String): Unit =
                            require(client.debugAsk(txt, "userId", true).getIntentId == "ls")

                        check("Выключи свет по всем доме")
                        check("Выруби электричество!")
                        check("Включи свет в детской")
                        check("Включай повсюду освещение")
                        check("Включайте лампы в детской комнате")
                        check("Свет на кухне, пожалуйста, приглуши")
                        check("Нельзя ли повсюду выключить свет?")
                        check("Пожалуйста без света")
                        check("Отключи электричество в ванной")
                        check("Выключи, пожалуйста, тут всюду свет")
                        check("Выключай все!")
                        check("Свет пожалуйста везде включи")
                        check("Зажги лампу на кухне")
                    }
                }
        </pre>
        <ul>
            <li>
                <code>Line 9</code> creates the client for our model.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Line 11</code> calls a special method
                {% scaladoc NCModelClient#debugAsk-fffff96c debugAsk() %}.
                It allows to check the winning intent and its callback parameters without actually
                calling the intent.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Lines 13-25</code> define all the test input sentences that should all
                trigger <code>ls</code> intent.
            </li>
        </ul>
        <p>
            You can run this test via SBT task <code>executeTests</code> or using IDE.
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: scala, highlight: []">
            $ sbt executeTests
        </pre>
    </section>
    <section>
        <h2 class="section-title">Done! 👌 <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            You've created light switch data model and tested it.
        </p>
    </section>
</div>
<div class="col-md-2 third-column">
    <ul class="side-nav">
        <li class="side-nav-title">On This Page</li>
        <li><a href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
        <li><a href="#new_project">New Project</a></li>
        <li><a href="#model">Data Model</a></li>
        <li><a href="#code">Model Class</a></li>
        <li><a href="#custom">Custom Components</a></li>
        <li><a href="#testing">Testing</a></li>
        {% include quick-links.html %}
    </ul>
</div>