---
active_crumb: Light Switch <code><sub>ex</sub></code>
layout: documentation
id: light_switch
fa_icon: fa-cube
---

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<div class="col-md-8 second-column example">
    <section id="overview">
        <h2 class="section-title">Overview <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            This example provides a very simple implementation for NLI-powered light switch. You can say something like
            "Turn the lights off in the entire house" or "Switch on the illumination in the master bedroom closet".
            By modifying intent callbacks using, for example, HomeKit or Arduino-based controllers you can provide the
            actual light switching.
        </p>
        <p>
            <b>Complexity:</b> <span class="complexity-one-star"><i class="fas fa-star"></i> <i class="far fa-star"></i> <i class="far fa-star"></i></span><br/>
            <span class="ex-src">Source code: <a target="github" href="https://github.com/apache/incubator-nlpcraft/tree/master/nlpcraft-examples/lightswitch">GitHub <i class="fab fa-fw fa-github"></i></a><br/></span>
            <span class="ex-review-all">Review: <a target="github" href="https://github.com/apache/incubator-nlpcraft/tree/master/nlpcraft-examples">All Examples at GitHub <i class="fab fa-fw fa-github"></i></a></span>
        </p>
    </section>
    <section id="new_project">
        <h2 class="section-title">Create New Project <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            You can create new Scala projects in many ways - we'll use SBT
            to accomplish this task. Make sure that <code>build.sbt</code> file has the following content:
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: js, highlight: [7]">
            ThisBuild / version := "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"
            ThisBuild / scalaVersion := "3.1.3"
            lazy val root = (project in file("."))
              .settings(
                name := "NLPCraft LightSwitch Example",
                version := "{{site.latest_version}}",
                libraryDependencies += "org.apache.nlpcraft" % "nlpcraft" % "{{site.latest_version}}",
                libraryDependencies += "org.scalatest" %% "scalatest" % "3.2.14" % "test"
              )
        </pre>
        <p><b>NOTE: </b>use the latest versions of Scala and ScalaTest.</p>
        <p>Create the following files so that resulting project structure would look like the following:</p>
        <ul>
            <li><code>lightswitch_model.yaml</code> - YAML configuration file which contains model description.</li>
            <li><code>LightSwitchModel.scala</code> - Model implementation.</li>
            <li><code>LightSwitchModelSpec.scala</code> - Test that allows to test your model.</li>
        </ul>
        <pre class="brush: plain, highlight: [7, 10, 14]">
            |  build.sbt
            +--project
            |    build.properties
            \--src
               +--main
               |  +--resources
               |  |    lightswitch_model.yaml
               |  \--scala
               |     \--demo
               |          LightSwitchModel.scala
               \--test
                  \--scala
                     \--demo
                          LightSwitchModelSpec.scala
        </pre>
    </section>
    <section id="model">
        <h2 class="section-title">Data Model<a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            We are going to start with declaring the static part of our model using YAML which we will later load using
            <a href="../apis/latest/org/apache/nlpcraft/NCModelAdapter.html">NCModelAdapter</a> in our Scala-based model implementation.
            Open <code>src/main/resources/<b>light_switch.yaml</b></code>
            file and replace its content with the following YAML:
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: js, highlight: [1, 10, 17, 25]">
            macros:
              "&lt;ACTION&gt;" : "{turn|switch|dial|let|set|get|put}"
              "&lt;KILL&gt;" : "{shut|kill|stop|eliminate}"
              "&lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt;" : "{entire|full|whole|total|_}"
              "&lt;FLOOR_OPT&gt;" : "{upstairs|downstairs|{1st|first|2nd|second|3rd|third|4th|fourth|5th|fifth|top|ground} floor|_}"
              "&lt;TYPE&gt;" : "{room|closet|attic|loft|{store|storage} {room|_}}"
              "&lt;LIGHT&gt;" : "{all|_} {it|them|light|illumination|lamp|lamplight}"

            elements:
              - id: "ls:loc"
                description: "Location of lights."
                synonyms:
                  - "&lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt; &lt;FLOOR_OPT&gt; {kitchen|library|closet|garage|office|playroom|{dinning|laundry|play} &lt;TYPE&gt;}"
                  - "&lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt; &lt;FLOOR_OPT&gt; {master|kid|children|child|guest|_} {bedroom|bathroom|washroom|storage} {&lt;TYPE&gt;|_}"
                  - "&lt;ENTIRE_OPT&gt; {house|home|building|{1st|first} floor|{2nd|second} floor}"

              - id: "ls:on"
                groups:
                  - "act"
                description: "Light switch ON action."
                synonyms:
                  - "&lt;ACTION&gt; {on|up|_} &lt;LIGHT&gt; {on|up|_}"
                  - "&lt;LIGHT&gt; {on|up}"

              - id: "ls:off"
                groups:
                  - "act"
                description: "Light switch OFF action."
                synonyms:
                  - "&lt;ACTION&gt; &lt;LIGHT&gt; {off|out|down}"
                  - "{&lt;ACTION&gt;|&lt;KILL&gt;} {off|out|down} &lt;LIGHT&gt;"
                  - "&lt;KILL&gt; &lt;LIGHT&gt;"
                  - "&lt;LIGHT&gt; &lt;KILL&gt;"
                  - "{out|no|off|down} &lt;LIGHT&gt;"
                  - "&lt;LIGHT&gt; {out|off|down}"
        </pre>

        <ul>
            <li>
                <code>Line 1</code> defines several macros that are used later on throughout the model's elements
                to shorten the synonym declarations. Note how macros coupled with option groups  
                shorten overall synonym declarations 1000:1 vs. manually listing all possible word permutations.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Lines 10, 17, 25</code> define three model elements: the location of the light, and actions to turn
                the light on and off. Action elements belong to the same group <code>act</code> which
                will be used in our intent, defined in <code>LightSwitchModel</code> class. Note that these model
                elements are defined mostly through macros we have defined above.
            </li>
        </ul>
        <div class="bq info">
            <p><b>YAML vs. API</b></p>
            <p>
                As usual, this YAML-based static model definition is convenient but totally optional. All elements definitions
                can be provided programmatically inside Scala model <code>LightSwitchModel</code> class as well.
            </p>
        </div>
    </section>
    <section id="code">
        <h2 class="section-title">Model Class <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            Open <code>src/main/scala/demo/<b>LightSwitchModel.scala</b></code> file and replace its content with the following code:
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: scala, highlight: [6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 22]">
            package demo

            import org.apache.nlpcraft.*
            import org.apache.nlpcraft.annotations.*

            class LightSwitchModel extends NCModelAdapter(
                NCModelConfig("nlpcraft.lightswitch.java.ex", "LightSwitch Example Model", "1.0"),
                new NCPipelineBuilder().withSemantic("en", "lightswitch_model.yaml").build
            ):
                @NCIntent("intent=ls term(act)={has(ent_groups, 'act')} term(loc)={# == 'ls:loc'}*")
                def onMatch(
                    ctx: NCContext,
                    im: NCIntentMatch,
                    @NCIntentTerm("act") actEnt: NCEntity,
                    @NCIntentTerm("loc") locEnts: List[NCEntity]
                ): NCResult =
                    val status = if actEnt.getId == "ls:on" then "on" else "off"
                    val locations = if locEnts.isEmpty then "entire house" else locEnts.map(_.mkText).mkString(", ")

                    // Add HomeKit, Arduino or other integration here.=
                    // By default - just return a descriptive action string.
                    NCResult(s"Lights are [$status] in [${locations.toLowerCase}].")
        </pre>
        <p>
            The intent callback logic is very simple - we return a descriptive confirmation message
            back (explaining what lights were changed). With action and location detected, you can add
            the actual light switching using HomeKit or Arduino devices. Let's review this implementation step by step:
        </p>
        <ul>
            <li>
                On <code>line 5</code> our class extends <a href="../apis/latest/org/apache/nlpcraft/NCModelAdapter.html">NCModelAdapter</a> that allows us to pass
                prepared configuration and pipeline into model.
            </li>
            <li>
                On <code>line 6</code> created model configuration with most default parameters.
            </li>
            <li>
                On <code>line 7</code> created pipeline, based on semantic model definition,
                described in <code>lightswitch_model.yaml</code> file.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Lines 10 and 11</code> annotates intents <code>ls</code> and its callback method <code>onMatch()</code>.
                Intent <code>ls</code> requires one action (a token belonging to the group <code>act</code>) and optional list of light locations
                (zero or more tokens with ID <code>ls:loc</code>) - by default we assume the entire house as a default location.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Lines 14 and 15</code> map terms from detected intent to the formal method parameters of the
                <code>onMatch()</code> method.
            </li>
            <li>
                On the <code>line 22</code> the intent callback simply returns a confirmation message.
            </li>
        </ul>
    </section>

    <section id="testing">
        <h2 class="section-title">Testing <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            The test defined in <code>LightSwitchModelSpec</code> allows to check that all input test sentences are
            processed correctly and trigger the expected intent <code>ls</code>:
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: scala, highlight: [9, 11]">
            package demo

            import org.apache.nlpcraft.*
            import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
            import scala.util.Using

            class LightSwitchModelSpec extends AnyFunSuite:
                test("test") {
                    Using.resource(new NCModelClient(new LightSwitchModel())) { client =>
                        def check(txt: String): Unit =
                            require(client.debugAsk(txt, "userId", true).getIntentId == "ls")

                        check("Turn the lights off in the entire house.")
                        check("Turn off all lights now")
                        check("Switch on the illumination in the master bedroom closet.")
                        check("Get the lights on.")
                        check("Off the lights on the 1st floor")
                        check("Lights up in the kitchen.")
                        check("Please, put the light out in the upstairs bedroom.")
                        check("Set the lights on in the entire house.")
                        check("Turn the lights off in the guest bedroom.")
                        check("Could you please switch off all the lights?")
                        check("Dial off illumination on the 2nd floor.")
                        check("Turn down lights in 1st floor bedroom")
                        check("Lights on at second floor kitchen")
                        check("Please, no lights!")
                        check("Kill off all the lights now!")
                        check("Down the lights in the garage")
                        check("Lights down in the kitchen!")
                        check("Turn up the illumination in garage and master bedroom")
                        check("Turn down all the light now!")
                        check("No lights in the bedroom, please.")
                        check("Light up the garage, please!")
                        check("Kill the illumination now!")
                    }
                }
        </pre>
        <ul>
            <li>
                <code>Line 9</code> creates the client for our model.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Line 11</code> calls a special method <code>debugAsk()</code>.
                It allows to check the winning intent and its callback parameters without actually
                calling the intent.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>Lines 13-34</code> define all the test input sentences that should all
                trigger <code>ls</code> intent.
            </li>
        </ul>
        <p>
            You can run this test via SBT task <code>executeTests</code> or using IDE.
        </p>
        <pre class="brush: scala, highlight: []">
            $ sbt executeTests
        </pre>
    </section>
    <section>
        <h2 class="section-title">Done! 👌 <a href="#"><i class="top-link fas fa-fw fa-angle-double-up"></i></a></h2>
        <p>
            You've created light switch data model and tested it.
        </p>
    </section>
</div>
<div class="col-md-2 third-column">
    <ul class="side-nav">
        <li class="side-nav-title">On This Page</li>
        <li><a href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
        <li><a href="#new_project">New Project</a></li>
        <li><a href="#model">Data Model</a></li>
        <li><a href="#code">Model Class</a></li>
        <li><a href="#testing">Testing</a></li>
        {% include quick-links.html %}
    </ul>
</div>