version3/java/FP24.java

/*
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
software distributed under the License is distributed on an
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
*/

/* AMCL Fp^24 functions */
/* FP24 elements are of the form a+i.b+i^2.c */

package org.apache.milagro.amcl.XXX;

public final class FP24 {
	public static final int ZERO=0;
	public static final int ONE=1;
	public static final int SPARSER=2;
	public static final int SPARSE=3;
	public static final int DENSE=4;

	private final FP8 a;
	private final FP8 b;
	private final FP8 c;
	private int type;

	public void settype(int a)
	{
		type=a;
	}

	public int gettype()
	{
		return type;
	}
/* reduce all components of this mod Modulus */
	public void reduce()
	{
		a.reduce();
		b.reduce();
		c.reduce();
	}

/* normalise all components of this */
	public void norm()
	{
		a.norm();
		b.norm();
		c.norm();
	}
/* test x==0 ? */
	public boolean iszilch() {
		return (a.iszilch() && b.iszilch() && c.iszilch());
	}

	public void cmove(FP24 g,int d)
	{
		a.cmove(g.a,d);
		b.cmove(g.b,d);
		c.cmove(g.c,d);		
		d=~(d-1);
		type^=(type^g.type)&d;
	}


/* return 1 if b==c, no branching */
	public static int teq(int b,int c)
	{
		int x=b^c;
		x-=1;  // if x=0, x now -1
		return ((x>>31)&1);
	}

/* Constant time select from pre-computed table */
	public void select(FP24 g[],int b)
	{
		int m=b>>31;
		int babs=(b^m)-m;

		babs=(babs-1)/2;

		cmove(g[0],teq(babs,0));  // conditional move
		cmove(g[1],teq(babs,1));
		cmove(g[2],teq(babs,2));
		cmove(g[3],teq(babs,3));
		cmove(g[4],teq(babs,4));
		cmove(g[5],teq(babs,5));
		cmove(g[6],teq(babs,6));
		cmove(g[7],teq(babs,7));
 
		FP24 invf=new FP24(this); 
		invf.conj();
		cmove(invf,(int)(m&1));
	}

	/* test x==1 ? */
	public boolean isunity() {
		FP8 one=new FP8(1);
		return (a.equals(one) && b.iszilch() && c.iszilch());
	}
/* return 1 if x==y, else 0 */
	public boolean equals(FP24 x)
	{
		return (a.equals(x.a) && b.equals(x.b) && c.equals(x.c));
	}
/* extract a from this */
	public FP8 geta()
	{
		return a;
	}
/* extract b */
	public FP8 getb()
	{
		return b;
	}
/* extract c */
	public FP8 getc()
	{
		return c;
	}
/* copy this=x */
	public void copy(FP24 x)
	{
		a.copy(x.a);
		b.copy(x.b);
		c.copy(x.c);
		type=x.type;
	}
/* set this=1 */
	public void one()
	{
		a.one();
		b.zero();
		c.zero();
		type=ONE;
	}
/* this=conj(this) */
	public void conj()
	{
		a.conj();
		b.nconj();
		c.conj();
	}
/* Constructors */
	public FP24(FP8 d)
	{
		a=new FP8(d);
		b=new FP8(0);
		c=new FP8(0);
		type=SPARSER;
	}

	public FP24(int d)
	{
		a=new FP8(d);
		b=new FP8(0);
		c=new FP8(0);
		if (d==1)
			type=ONE;
		else
			type=SPARSER;
	}

	public FP24(FP8 d,FP8 e,FP8 f)
	{
		a=new FP8(d);
		b=new FP8(e);
		c=new FP8(f);
		type=DENSE;
	}

	public FP24(FP24 x)
	{
		a=new FP8(x.a);
		b=new FP8(x.b);
		c=new FP8(x.c);
		type=x.type;
	}

/* Granger-Scott Unitary Squaring */
	public void usqr()
	{
		FP8 A=new FP8(a);
		FP8 B=new FP8(c);
		FP8 C=new FP8(b);
		FP8 D=new FP8(0);

		a.sqr();
		D.copy(a); D.add(a);
		a.add(D);

		a.norm();
		A.nconj();

		A.add(A);
		a.add(A);
		B.sqr();
		B.times_i();

		D.copy(B); D.add(B);
		B.add(D);
		B.norm();

		C.sqr();
		D.copy(C); D.add(C);
		C.add(D);
		C.norm();

		b.conj();
		b.add(b);
		c.nconj();

		c.add(c);
		b.add(B);
		c.add(C);
		type=DENSE;
		reduce();
	}

/* Chung-Hasan SQR2 method from http://cacr.uwaterloo.ca/techreports/2006/cacr2006-24.pdf */
	public void sqr()
	{
		if (type==ONE)
			return;

		FP8 A=new FP8(a);
		FP8 B=new FP8(b);
		FP8 C=new FP8(c);
		FP8 D=new FP8(a);

		A.sqr();
		B.mul(c);
		B.add(B);
		B.norm();
		C.sqr();
		D.mul(b);
		D.add(D);

		c.add(a);
		c.add(b);
		c.norm();
		c.sqr();

		a.copy(A);

		A.add(B);
		A.norm();
		A.add(C);
		A.add(D);
		A.norm();

		A.neg();
		B.times_i();
		C.times_i();

		a.add(B);

		b.copy(C); b.add(D);
		c.add(A);
		if (type==SPARSER)
			type=SPARSE;
		else
			type=DENSE;
		norm();
	}

/* FP12 full multiplication this=this*y */
	public void mul(FP24 y)
	{
		FP8 z0=new FP8(a);
		FP8 z1=new FP8(0);
		FP8 z2=new FP8(b);
		FP8 z3=new FP8(0);
		FP8 t0=new FP8(a);
		FP8 t1=new FP8(y.a);

		z0.mul(y.a);
		z2.mul(y.b);

		t0.add(b);
		t1.add(y.b);

		t0.norm();
		t1.norm();

		z1.copy(t0); z1.mul(t1);
		t0.copy(b); t0.add(c);

		t1.copy(y.b); t1.add(y.c);

		t0.norm();
		t1.norm();

		z3.copy(t0); z3.mul(t1);

		t0.copy(z0); t0.neg();
		t1.copy(z2); t1.neg();

		z1.add(t0);
		b.copy(z1); b.add(t1);

		z3.add(t1);
		z2.add(t0);

		t0.copy(a); t0.add(c);
		t1.copy(y.a); t1.add(y.c);

		t0.norm();
		t1.norm();
	
		t0.mul(t1);
		z2.add(t0);

		t0.copy(c); t0.mul(y.c);
		t1.copy(t0); t1.neg();

		c.copy(z2); c.add(t1);
		z3.add(t1);
		t0.times_i();
		b.add(t0);
		z3.norm();
		z3.times_i();
		a.copy(z0); a.add(z3);
		norm();
		type=DENSE;
	}


/* FP24 multiplication w=w*y */
/* catering for special case that arises from special form of ATE pairing line function */
/* w and y are both sparser line functions - cost = 6m */ 
	public void smul(FP24 y)
	{
		if (CONFIG_CURVE.SEXTIC_TWIST==CONFIG_CURVE.D_TYPE)
		{	
			FP4 w1=new FP4(a.geta());
			FP4 w2=new FP4(a.getb());
			FP4 w3=new FP4(b.geta());

			w1.mul(y.a.geta());
			w2.mul(y.a.getb());
			w3.mul(y.b.geta());

			FP4 ta=new FP4(a.geta());
			FP4 tb=new FP4(y.a.geta());
			ta.add(a.getb()); ta.norm();
			tb.add(y.a.getb()); tb.norm();
			FP4 tc=new FP4(ta);
			tc.mul(tb);
			FP4 t=new FP4(w1);
			t.add(w2);
			t.neg();
			tc.add(t);

			ta.copy(a.geta()); ta.add(b.geta()); ta.norm();
			tb.copy(y.a.geta()); tb.add(y.b.geta()); tb.norm();
			FP4 td=new FP4(ta);
			td.mul(tb);
			t.copy(w1);
			t.add(w3);
			t.neg();
			td.add(t);

			ta.copy(a.getb()); ta.add(b.geta()); ta.norm();
			tb.copy(y.a.getb()); tb.add(y.b.geta()); tb.norm();
			FP4 te=new FP4(ta);
			te.mul(tb);
			t.copy(w2);
			t.add(w3);
			t.neg();
			te.add(t);

			w2.times_i();
			w1.add(w2);

			a.geta().copy(w1); a.getb().copy(tc);
			b.geta().copy(td); b.getb().copy(te);
			c.geta().copy(w3); c.getb().zero();

			a.norm();
			b.norm();

		} else {
			FP4 w1=new FP4(a.geta());
			FP4 w2=new FP4(a.getb());
			FP4 w3=new FP4(c.getb());

			w1.mul(y.a.geta());
			w2.mul(y.a.getb());
			w3.mul(y.c.getb());

			FP4 ta=new FP4(a.geta());
			FP4 tb=new FP4(y.a.geta());
			ta.add(a.getb()); ta.norm();
			tb.add(y.a.getb()); tb.norm();
			FP4 tc=new FP4(ta);
			tc.mul(tb);
			FP4 t=new FP4(w1);
			t.add(w2);
			t.neg();
			tc.add(t);

			ta.copy(a.geta()); ta.add(c.getb()); ta.norm();
			tb.copy(y.a.geta()); tb.add(y.c.getb()); tb.norm();
			FP4 td=new FP4(ta);
			td.mul(tb);
			t.copy(w1);
			t.add(w3);
			t.neg();
			td.add(t);

			ta.copy(a.getb()); ta.add(c.getb()); ta.norm();
			tb.copy(y.a.getb()); tb.add(y.c.getb()); tb.norm();
			FP4 te=new FP4(ta);
			te.mul(tb);
			t.copy(w2);
			t.add(w3);
			t.neg();
			te.add(t);

			w2.times_i();
			w1.add(w2);
			a.geta().copy(w1); a.getb().copy(tc);

			w3.times_i();
			w3.norm();
			b.geta().zero(); b.getb().copy(w3);

			te.norm();
			te.times_i();
			c.geta().copy(te);
			c.getb().copy(td);

			a.norm();
			c.norm();

		}
		type=SPARSE;
	}

/* FP24 full multiplication w=w*y */
/* Supports sparse multiplicands */
/* Usually w is denser than y */
	public void ssmul(FP24 y)
	{
		if (type==ONE)
		{
			copy(y);
			return;
		}
		if (y.type==ONE)
			return;

		if (y.type>=SPARSE)
		{
			FP8 z0=new FP8(a);
			FP8 z1=new FP8(0);
			FP8 z2=new FP8(0);
			FP8 z3=new FP8(0);
			z0.mul(y.a);

			if (CONFIG_CURVE.SEXTIC_TWIST==CONFIG_CURVE.M_TYPE)
			{
				if (y.type==SPARSE || type==SPARSE)
				{
					z2.getb().copy(b.getb());
					z2.getb().mul(y.b.getb());
					z2.geta().zero();
					if (y.type!=SPARSE)
					{
						z2.geta().copy(b.getb());
						z2.geta().mul(y.b.geta());
					}
					if (type!=SPARSE)
					{
						z2.geta().copy(b.geta());
						z2.geta().mul(y.b.getb());
					}
					z2.times_i();
				} else {
					z2.copy(b);
					z2.mul(y.b);
				}
			} else {
				z2.copy(b);
				z2.mul(y.b);
			}
			FP8 t0=new FP8(a);
			FP8 t1=new FP8(y.a);
			t0.add(b); t0.norm();
			t1.add(y.b); t1.norm();

			z1.copy(t0); z1.mul(t1);
			t0.copy(b); t0.add(c); t0.norm();
			t1.copy(y.b); t1.add(y.c); t1.norm();

			z3.copy(t0); z3.mul(t1);

			t0.copy(z0); t0.neg();
			t1.copy(z2); t1.neg();

			z1.add(t0);
			b.copy(z1); b.add(t1);

			z3.add(t1);
			z2.add(t0);

			t0.copy(a); t0.add(c); t0.norm();
			t1.copy(y.a); t1.add(y.c); t1.norm();
	
			t0.mul(t1);
			z2.add(t0);

			if (CONFIG_CURVE.SEXTIC_TWIST==CONFIG_CURVE.D_TYPE)
			{
				if (y.type==SPARSE || type==SPARSE)
				{
					t0.geta().copy(c.geta());
					t0.geta().mul(y.c.geta());
					t0.getb().zero();
					if (y.type!=SPARSE)
					{
						t0.getb().copy(c.geta());
						t0.getb().mul(y.c.getb());
					}
					if (type!=SPARSE)
					{
						t0.getb().copy(c.getb());
						t0.getb().mul(y.c.geta());
					}
				} else {
					t0.copy(c);
					t0.mul(y.c);
				}
			} else {
				t0.copy(c);
				t0.mul(y.c);
			}
			t1.copy(t0); t1.neg();

			c.copy(z2); c.add(t1);
			z3.add(t1);
			t0.times_i();
			b.add(t0);
			z3.norm();
			z3.times_i();
			a.copy(z0); a.add(z3);
		} else {
			if (type==SPARSER)
			{
				smul(y);
				return;
			}
			if (CONFIG_CURVE.SEXTIC_TWIST==CONFIG_CURVE.D_TYPE)
			{ // dense by sparser - 13m 
				FP8 z0=new FP8(a);
				FP8 z2=new FP8(b);
				FP8 z3=new FP8(b);
				FP8 t0=new FP8(0);
				FP8 t1=new FP8(y.a);
				z0.mul(y.a);
				z2.pmul(y.b.real());
				b.add(a);
				t1.real().add(y.b.real());

				t1.norm();
				b.norm();
				b.mul(t1);
				z3.add(c);
				z3.norm();
				z3.pmul(y.b.real());

				t0.copy(z0); t0.neg();
				t1.copy(z2); t1.neg();

				b.add(t0);

				b.add(t1);
				z3.add(t1);
				z2.add(t0);

				t0.copy(a); t0.add(c); t0.norm();
				z3.norm();
				t0.mul(y.a);
				c.copy(z2); c.add(t0);

				z3.times_i();
				a.copy(z0); a.add(z3);
			}
			if (CONFIG_CURVE.SEXTIC_TWIST==CONFIG_CURVE.M_TYPE)
			{
				FP8 z0=new FP8(a);
				FP8 z1=new FP8(0);
				FP8 z2=new FP8(0);
				FP8 z3=new FP8(0);
				FP8 t0=new FP8(a);
				FP8 t1=new FP8(0);
		
				z0.mul(y.a);
				t0.add(b); t0.norm();

				z1.copy(t0); z1.mul(y.a);
				t0.copy(b); t0.add(c);
				t0.norm();

				z3.copy(t0); 
				z3.pmul(y.c.getb());
				z3.times_i();

				t0.copy(z0); t0.neg();
				z1.add(t0);
				b.copy(z1); 
				z2.copy(t0);

				t0.copy(a); t0.add(c); t0.norm();
				t1.copy(y.a); t1.add(y.c); t1.norm();

				t0.mul(t1);
				z2.add(t0);
				t0.copy(c); 
			
				t0.pmul(y.c.getb());
				t0.times_i();
				t1.copy(t0); t1.neg();

				c.copy(z2); c.add(t1);
				z3.add(t1);
				t0.times_i();
				b.add(t0);
				z3.norm();
				z3.times_i();
				a.copy(z0); a.add(z3);
			}	
		}
		type=DENSE;
		norm();
	}

/* this=1/this */
	public void inverse()
	{
		FP8 f0=new FP8(a);
		FP8 f1=new FP8(b);
		FP8 f2=new FP8(a);
		FP8 f3=new FP8(0);

		//norm();
		f0.sqr();
		f1.mul(c);
		f1.times_i();
		f0.sub(f1);
		f0.norm();

		f1.copy(c); f1.sqr();
		f1.times_i();
		f2.mul(b);
		f1.sub(f2);
		f1.norm();

		f2.copy(b); f2.sqr();
		f3.copy(a); f3.mul(c);
		f2.sub(f3);
		f2.norm();

		f3.copy(b); f3.mul(f2);
		f3.times_i();
		a.mul(f0);
		f3.add(a);
		c.mul(f1);
		c.times_i();

		f3.add(c);
		f3.norm();
		f3.inverse();
		a.copy(f0); a.mul(f3);
		b.copy(f1); b.mul(f3);
		c.copy(f2); c.mul(f3);
		type=DENSE;
	}

/* this=this^p using Frobenius */
	public void frob(FP2 f,int n)
	{
		FP2 f2=new FP2(f);
		FP2 f3=new FP2(f);

		f2.sqr();
		f3.mul(f2);

		f3.mul_ip(); f3.norm();

		for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
		{
			a.frob(f3);
			b.frob(f3);
			c.frob(f3);

			b.qmul(f); b.times_i2();
			c.qmul(f2); c.times_i2(); c.times_i2();
		}
		type=DENSE;
	}

/* trace function */
	public FP8 trace()
	{
		FP8 t=new FP8(0);
		t.copy(a);
		t.imul(3);
		t.reduce();
		return t;
	}

/* convert from byte array to FP24 */
	public static FP24 fromBytes(byte[] w)
	{
		BIG a,b;
		FP2 c,d;
		FP4 ea,eb;
		FP8 e,f,g;
		byte[] t=new byte[CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];

		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		c=new FP2(a,b);

		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+2*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+3*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		d=new FP2(a,b);

		ea=new FP4(c,d);

		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+4*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+5*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		c=new FP2(a,b);

		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+6*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+7*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		d=new FP2(a,b);

		eb=new FP4(c,d);

		e=new FP8(ea,eb);


		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+8*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+9*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		c=new FP2(a,b);

		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+10*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+11*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		d=new FP2(a,b);

		ea=new FP4(c,d);

		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+12*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+13*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		c=new FP2(a,b);

		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+14*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+15*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		d=new FP2(a,b);

		eb=new FP4(c,d);

		f=new FP8(ea,eb);


		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+16*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+17*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		c=new FP2(a,b);

		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+18*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+19*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		d=new FP2(a,b);

		ea=new FP4(c,d);

		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+20*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+21*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		c=new FP2(a,b);

		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+22*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		a=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) t[i]=w[i+23*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];
		b=BIG.fromBytes(t);
		d=new FP2(a,b);

		eb=new FP4(c,d);

		g=new FP8(ea,eb);

		return new FP24(e,f,g);
	}

/* convert this to byte array */
	public void toBytes(byte[] w)
	{
		byte[] t=new byte[CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES];

		a.geta().geta().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i]=t[i];
		a.geta().geta().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		a.geta().getb().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+2*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		a.geta().getb().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+3*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];

		a.getb().geta().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+4*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		a.getb().geta().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+5*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		a.getb().getb().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+6*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		a.getb().getb().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+7*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];


		b.geta().geta().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+8*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		b.geta().geta().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+9*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		b.geta().getb().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+10*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		b.geta().getb().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+11*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];

		b.getb().geta().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+12*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		b.getb().geta().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+13*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		b.getb().getb().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+14*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		b.getb().getb().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+15*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];

		c.geta().geta().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+16*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		c.geta().geta().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+17*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		c.geta().getb().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+18*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		c.geta().getb().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+19*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];

		c.getb().geta().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+20*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		c.getb().geta().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+21*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		c.getb().getb().getA().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+22*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];
		c.getb().getb().getB().toBytes(t);
		for (int i=0;i<CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES;i++) w[i+23*CONFIG_BIG.MODBYTES]=t[i];

	}

/* convert to hex string */
	public String toString() 
	{
		return ("["+a.toString()+","+b.toString()+","+c.toString()+"]");
	}

/* this=this^e */ 
/* Note this is simple square and multiply, so not side-channel safe */
	public FP24 pow(BIG e)
	{
		FP24 sf=new FP24(this);
		sf.norm();

		BIG e1=new BIG(e);
		e1.norm();
		BIG e3=new BIG(e1);
		e3.pmul(3);
		e3.norm();

		FP24 w=new FP24(sf);

		int nb=e3.nbits();
		for (int i=nb-2;i>=1;i--)
		{
			w.usqr();
			int bt=e3.bit(i)-e1.bit(i);
			if (bt==1)
				w.mul(sf);
			if (bt==-1)
			{
				sf.conj(); w.mul(sf); sf.conj();
			}
		}
		w.reduce();
		return w;

	}

/* constant time powering by small integer of max length bts */
	public void pinpow(int e,int bts)
	{
		int i,b;
		FP24 [] R=new FP24[2];
		R[0]=new FP24(1);
		R[1]=new FP24(this);
		for (i=bts-1;i>=0;i--)
		{
			b=(e>>i)&1;
			R[1-b].mul(R[b]);
			R[b].usqr();
		}
		this.copy(R[0]);
	}

	public FP8 compow(BIG e,BIG r)
	{
		FP24 g1=new FP24(0);
		FP24 g2=new FP24(0);
		FP2 f=new FP2(new BIG(ROM.Fra),new BIG(ROM.Frb));
		BIG q=new BIG(ROM.Modulus);

		BIG m=new BIG(q);
		m.mod(r);

		BIG a=new BIG(e);
		a.mod(m);

		BIG b=new BIG(e);
		b.div(m);

		g1.copy(this);
		g2.copy(this);

		FP8 c=g1.trace();

		if (b.iszilch())
		{
			c=c.xtr_pow(e);
			return c;
		}

		g2.frob(f,1);
		FP8 cp=g2.trace();
		g1.conj();
		g2.mul(g1);
		FP8 cpm1=g2.trace();
		g2.mul(g1);
		FP8 cpm2=g2.trace();

		c=c.xtr_pow2(cp,cpm1,cpm2,a,b);

		return c;
	}

/* p=q0^u0.q1^u1.q2^u2.q3^u3.... */
// Bos & Costello https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/458.pdf
// Faz-Hernandez & Longa & Sanchez  https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/158.pdf
// Side channel attack secure 

	public static FP24 pow8(FP24[] q,BIG[] u)
	{
		int i,j,k,nb,pb1,pb2;
		FP24 [] g1=new FP24[8];
		FP24 [] g2=new FP24[8];
		FP24 r=new FP24(1);
		FP24 p=new FP24(0);
		BIG [] t=new BIG[8];
		BIG mt=new BIG(0);
		byte[] w1=new byte[BIG.NLEN*CONFIG_BIG.BASEBITS+1];
		byte[] s1=new byte[BIG.NLEN*CONFIG_BIG.BASEBITS+1];
		byte[] w2=new byte[BIG.NLEN*CONFIG_BIG.BASEBITS+1];
		byte[] s2=new byte[BIG.NLEN*CONFIG_BIG.BASEBITS+1];

		for (i=0;i<8;i++)
		{
			t[i]=new BIG(u[i]);
			t[i].norm();
		}

		g1[0]=new FP24(q[0]);  // q[0]
		g1[1]=new FP24(g1[0]); g1[1].mul(q[1]); // q[0].q[1]
		g1[2]=new FP24(g1[0]); g1[2].mul(q[2]); // q[0].q[2]
		g1[3]=new FP24(g1[1]); g1[3].mul(q[2]); // q[0].q[1].q[2]
		g1[4]=new FP24(q[0]);  g1[4].mul(q[3]); // q[0].q[3]
		g1[5]=new FP24(g1[1]); g1[5].mul(q[3]); // q[0].q[1].q[3]
		g1[6]=new FP24(g1[2]); g1[6].mul(q[3]); // q[0].q[2].q[3]
		g1[7]=new FP24(g1[3]); g1[7].mul(q[3]); // q[0].q[1].q[2].q[3]

// Use Frobenius
		FP2 f=new FP2(new BIG(ROM.Fra),new BIG(ROM.Frb));
		for (i=0;i<8;i++)
		{
			g2[i]=new FP24(g1[i]);
			g2[i].frob(f,4);
		}

    // Make it odd
        pb1=1-t[0].parity();
        t[0].inc(pb1);
        t[0].norm();

        pb2=1-t[4].parity();
        t[4].inc(pb2);
        t[4].norm();


    // Number of bits
        mt.zero();
        for (i=0;i<8;i++) {
            mt.or(t[i]); 
        }
        nb=1+mt.nbits();

     // Sign pivot 
        s1[nb-1]=1;
		s2[nb-1]=1;
        for (i=0;i<nb-1;i++) {
            t[0].fshr(1);
            s1[i]=(byte)(2*t[0].parity()-1);
            t[4].fshr(1);
            s2[i]=(byte)(2*t[4].parity()-1);
        }

    // Recoded exponent
        for (i=0; i<nb; i++) {
            w1[i]=0;
            k=1;
            for (j=1; j<4; j++) {
                byte bt=(byte)(s1[i]*t[j].parity());
                t[j].fshr(1);
                t[j].dec((int)(bt)>>1);
                t[j].norm();
                w1[i]+=bt*(byte)k;
                k*=2;
            }

            w2[i]=0;
            k=1;
            for (j=5; j<8; j++) {
                byte bt=(byte)(s2[i]*t[j].parity());
                t[j].fshr(1);
                t[j].dec((int)(bt)>>1);
                t[j].norm();
                w2[i]+=bt*(byte)k;
                k*=2;
            }
        } 

     // Main loop
        p.select(g1,(int)(2*w1[nb-1]+1)); 
		r.select(g2,(int)(2*w2[nb-1]+1)); 
		p.mul(r);
        for (i=nb-2;i>=0;i--) {
            p.usqr();
            r.select(g1,(int)(2*w1[i]+s1[i]));
            p.mul(r);
            r.select(g2,(int)(2*w2[i]+s2[i]));
            p.mul(r);

        }

    // apply correction
        r.copy(q[0]); r.conj();   
        r.mul(p);
        p.cmove(r,pb1);

        r.copy(q[4]); r.conj();   
        r.mul(p);
        p.cmove(r,pb2);

 		p.reduce();
		return p;
	}              

}