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<!DOCTYPE concept PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Concept//EN" "concept.dtd">
<concept id="show">

  <title>SHOW Statement</title>
  <titlealts audience="PDF"><navtitle>SHOW</navtitle></titlealts>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Impala"/>
      <data name="Category" value="SQL"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Developers"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Data Analysts"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Reports"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Kudu"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

  <conbody>
    <p> The <codeph>SHOW</codeph> statement is a flexible way to get information
      about different types of Impala objects. </p>
    <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/syntax_blurb"/>
    <codeblock>SHOW DATABASES [[LIKE] '<varname>pattern</varname>']
SHOW SCHEMAS [[LIKE] '<varname>pattern</varname>'] - an alias for SHOW DATABASES
SHOW TABLES [IN <varname>database_name</varname>] [[LIKE] '<varname>pattern</varname>']
<ph rev="1.2.0">SHOW [AGGREGATE | ANALYTIC] FUNCTIONS [IN <varname>database_name</varname>] [[LIKE] '<varname>pattern</varname>']</ph>
<ph rev="1.2.1">SHOW CREATE TABLE [<varname>database_name</varname>].<varname>table_name</varname></ph>
<ph rev="1.2.1">SHOW CREATE VIEW [<varname>database_name</varname>].<varname>view_name</varname></ph>
<ph rev="1.2.1">SHOW TABLE STATS [<varname>database_name</varname>.]<varname>table_name</varname></ph>
<ph rev="1.2.1">SHOW COLUMN STATS [<varname>database_name</varname>.]<varname>table_name</varname></ph>
<ph rev="1.4.0">SHOW PARTITIONS [<varname>database_name</varname>.]<varname>table_name</varname></ph>
<ph rev="1.4.0">SHOW <ph rev="kudu">[RANGE]</ph> PARTITIONS [<varname>database_name</varname>.]<varname>table_name</varname></ph>
SHOW FILES IN [<varname>database_name</varname>.]<varname>table_name</varname> <ph rev="IMPALA-1654">[PARTITION (<varname>key_col_expression</varname> [, <varname>key_col_expression</varname>]</ph>]

<ph rev="2.0.0">SHOW ROLES
SHOW CURRENT ROLES
SHOW ROLE GRANT GROUP <varname>group_name</varname></ph>

<ph rev="3.1.0">SHOW GRANT USER <varname>user_name</varname> ON SERVER
SHOW GRANT USER <varname>user_name</varname> ON DATABASE <varname>database_name</varname>
SHOW GRANT USER <varname>user_name</varname> ON TABLE <varname>database_name.table_name</varname>
SHOW GRANT USER <varname>user_name</varname> ON URI <varname>uri</varname></ph>
SHOW GRANT USER <varname>user_name</varname> ON COLUMN <varname>database_name.table_name.column_name</varname></codeblock>
    <p>The following statements are supported only when Impala uses Sentry to
      manage authorization.</p>
    <codeblock>SHOW GRANT USER <varname>user_name</varname>

SHOW GRANT ROLE <varname>role_name</varname>
SHOW GRANT ROLE <varname>role_name</varname> ON SERVER
SHOW GRANT ROLE <varname>role_name</varname> ON DATABASE <varname>database_name</varname>
SHOW GRANT ROLE <varname>role_name</varname> ON TABLE <varname>database_name.table_name</varname>
SHOW GRANT ROLE <varname>role_name</varname> ON URI <varname>uri</varname>
SHOW GRANT ROLE <varname>role_name</varname> ON COLUMN <varname>database_name.table_name.column_name</varname></codeblock>
    <p rev="3.3">The following statements are supported only when Impala uses
      Ranger to manage authorization.</p>
    <codeblock>SHOW GRANT GROUP <varname>group_name</varname> ON SERVER
SHOW GRANT GROUP <varname>group_name</varname> ON DATABASE <varname>database_name</varname>
SHOW GRANT GROUP <varname>group_name</varname> ON TABLE <varname>database_name.table_name</varname>
SHOW GRANT GROUP <varname>group_name</varname> ON URI <varname>uri</varname>
SHOW GRANT GROUP <varname>group_name</varname> ON COLUMN <varname>database_name.table_name.column_name</varname></codeblock>
    <p> Issue a <codeph>SHOW <varname>object_type</varname></codeph> statement
      to see the appropriate objects in the current database, or <codeph>SHOW
          <varname>object_type</varname> IN
        <varname>database_name</varname></codeph> to see objects in a specific
      database. </p>
    <p> The optional <varname>pattern</varname> argument is a quoted string
      literal, using Unix-style <codeph>*</codeph> wildcards and allowing
        <codeph>|</codeph> for alternation. The preceding <codeph>LIKE</codeph>
      keyword is also optional. All object names are stored in lowercase, so use
      all lowercase letters in the pattern string. For example: </p>
    <codeblock>SHOW DATABASES 'a*';
SHOW DATABASES LIKE 'a*';
SHOW TABLES IN some_db LIKE '*fact*';
USE some_db;
SHOW TABLES '*dim*|*fact*';</codeblock>
    <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/cancel_blurb_no"/>
    <p outputclass="toc inpage"/>
  </conbody>

  <concept rev="2.2.0" id="show_files">

    <title>SHOW FILES Statement</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Disk Storage"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Tables"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

    <conbody>

      <p>
        The <codeph>SHOW FILES</codeph> statement displays the files that constitute a specified table,
        or a partition within a partitioned table. This syntax is available in <keyword keyref="impala22_full"/> and higher
        only. The output includes the names of the files, the size of each file, and the applicable partition
        for a partitioned table. The size includes a suffix of <codeph>B</codeph> for bytes,
        <codeph>MB</codeph> for megabytes, and <codeph>GB</codeph> for gigabytes.
      </p>

      <p rev="IMPALA-1654">
        In <keyword keyref="impala28_full"/> and higher, you can use general
        expressions with operators such as <codeph>&lt;</codeph>, <codeph>IN</codeph>,
        <codeph>LIKE</codeph>, and <codeph>BETWEEN</codeph> in the <codeph>PARTITION</codeph>
        clause, instead of only equality operators. For example:
<codeblock><![CDATA[
show files in sample_table partition (j < 5);
show files in sample_table partition (k = 3, l between 1 and 10);
show files in sample_table partition (month like 'J%');
]]>
</codeblock>
      </p>

      <note>
        This statement applies to tables and partitions stored on HDFS, or in the Amazon Simple Storage System (S3).
        It does not apply to views.
        It does not apply to tables mapped onto HBase <ph rev="kudu">or Kudu</ph>,
        because those data management systems do not use the same file-based storage layout.
      </note>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/usage_notes_blurb"/>

      <p>
        You can use this statement to verify the results of your ETL process: that is, that
        the expected files are present, with the expected sizes. You can examine the file information
        to detect conditions such as empty files, missing files, or inefficient layouts due to
        a large number of small files. When you use <codeph>INSERT</codeph> statements to copy
        from one table to another, you can see how the file layout changes due to file format
        conversions, compaction of small input files into large data blocks, and
        multiple output files from parallel queries and partitioned inserts.
      </p>

      <p>
        The output from this statement does not include files that Impala considers to be hidden
        or invisible, such as those whose names start with a dot or an underscore, or that
        end with the suffixes <codeph>.copying</codeph> or <codeph>.tmp</codeph>.
      </p>

      <p>
        The information for partitioned tables complements the output of the <codeph>SHOW PARTITIONS</codeph>
        statement, which summarizes information about each partition. <codeph>SHOW PARTITIONS</codeph>
        produces some output for each partition, while <codeph>SHOW FILES</codeph> does not
        produce any output for empty partitions because they do not include any data files.
      </p>

<!-- Extensive round of testing makes me pretty confident of these findings. -->
      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb"/>
      <p rev="">
        The user ID that the <cmdname>impalad</cmdname> daemon runs under,
        typically the <codeph>impala</codeph> user, must have read
        permission for all the table files, read and execute permission for all the directories that make up the table,
        and execute permission for the database directory and all its parent directories.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>

      <p>
        The following example shows a <codeph>SHOW FILES</codeph> statement
        for an unpartitioned table using text format:
      </p>

<codeblock scale="60">[localhost:21000] > create table unpart_text (x bigint, s string);
[localhost:21000] > insert into unpart_text (x, s) select id, name
                  > from oreilly.sample_data limit 20e6;
[localhost:21000] > show files in unpart_text;
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+-----------+
| path                                                                         | size     | partition |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+-----------+
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_text/35665776ef85cfaf_1012432410_data.0. | 448.31MB |           |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+-----------+
[localhost:21000] > insert into unpart_text (x, s) select id, name from oreilly.sample_data limit 100e6;
[localhost:21000] > show files in unpart_text;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+-----------+
| path                                                                                 | size     | partition |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+-----------+
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_text/35665776ef85cfaf_1012432410_data.0. | 448.31MB |           |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_text/ac3dba252a8952b8_1663177415_data.0. | 2.19GB   |           |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+-----------+
</codeblock>

      <p>
        This example illustrates how, after issuing some <codeph>INSERT ... VALUES</codeph> statements,
        the table now contains some tiny files of just a few bytes. Such small files could cause inefficient processing of
        parallel queries that are expecting multi-megabyte input files. The example shows how you might compact the small files by doing
        an <codeph>INSERT ... SELECT</codeph> into a different table, possibly converting the data to Parquet in the process:
      </p>

<codeblock scale="60">[localhost:21000] > insert into unpart_text values (10,'hello'), (20, 'world');
[localhost:21000] > insert into unpart_text values (-1,'foo'), (-1000, 'bar');
[localhost:21000] > show files in unpart_text;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+
| path                                                                                 | size     |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_text/4f11b8bdf8b6aa92_238145083_data.0.  | 18B
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_text/35665776ef85cfaf_1012432410_data.0. | 448.31MB
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_text/ac3dba252a8952b8_1663177415_data.0. | 2.19GB
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_text/cfb8252452445682_1868457216_data.0. | 17B
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+
[localhost:21000] > create table unpart_parq stored as parquet as select * from unpart_text;
+---------------------------+
| summary                   |
+---------------------------+
| Inserted 120000002 row(s) |
+---------------------------+
[localhost:21000] > show files in unpart_parq;
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+
| path                                                                                     | size     |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_parq/60798d96ba630184_549959007_data.0.parq  | 255.36MB |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_parq/60798d96ba630184_549959007_data.1.parq  | 178.52MB |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_parq/60798d96ba630185_549959007_data.0.parq  | 255.37MB |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_parq/60798d96ba630185_549959007_data.1.parq  | 57.71MB  |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_parq/60798d96ba630186_2141167244_data.0.parq | 255.40MB |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_parq/60798d96ba630186_2141167244_data.1.parq | 175.52MB |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_parq/60798d96ba630187_1006832086_data.0.parq | 255.40MB |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/unpart_parq/60798d96ba630187_1006832086_data.1.parq | 214.61MB |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+
</codeblock>

      <p>
        The following example shows a <codeph>SHOW FILES</codeph> statement for a partitioned text table
        with data in two different partitions, and two empty partitions.
        The partitions with no data are not represented in the <codeph>SHOW FILES</codeph> output.
      </p>
<codeblock scale="60">[localhost:21000] > create table part_text (x bigint, y int, s string)
                                        > partitioned by (year bigint, month bigint, day bigint);
[localhost:21000] > insert overwrite part_text (x, y, s) partition (year=2014,month=1,day=1)
                  > select id, val, name from oreilly.normalized_parquet
where id between 1 and 1000000;
[localhost:21000] > insert overwrite part_text (x, y, s) partition (year=2014,month=1,day=2)
                  > select id, val, name from oreilly.normalized_parquet
                  > where id between 1000001 and 2000000;
[localhost:21000] > alter table part_text add partition (year=2014,month=1,day=3);
[localhost:21000] > alter table part_text add partition (year=2014,month=1,day=4);
[localhost:21000] > show partitions part_text;
+-------+-------+-----+-------+--------+---------+--------------+-------------------+--------+-------------------+
| year  | month | day | #Rows | #Files | Size    | Bytes Cached | Cache Replication | Format | Incremental stats |
+-------+-------+-----+-------+--------+---------+--------------+-------------------+--------+-------------------+
| 2014  | 1     | 1   | -1    | 4      | 25.16MB | NOT CACHED   | NOT CACHED        | TEXT   | false             |
| 2014  | 1     | 2   | -1    | 4      | 26.22MB | NOT CACHED   | NOT CACHED        | TEXT   | false             |
| 2014  | 1     | 3   | -1    | 0      | 0B      | NOT CACHED   | NOT CACHED        | TEXT   | false             |
| 2014  | 1     | 4   | -1    | 0      | 0B      | NOT CACHED   | NOT CACHED        | TEXT   | false             |
| Total |       |     | -1    | 8      | 51.38MB | 0B           |                   |        |                   |
+-------+-------+-----+-------+--------+---------+--------------+-------------------+--------+-------------------+
[localhost:21000] > show files in part_text;
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------+
| path                                                                                                    | size   | partition               |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------+
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_text/year=2014/month=1/day=1/80732d9dc80689f_1418645991_data.0.  | 5.77MB | year=2014/month=1/day=1 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_text/year=2014/month=1/day=1/80732d9dc8068a0_1418645991_data.0.  | 6.25MB | year=2014/month=1/day=1 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_text/year=2014/month=1/day=1/80732d9dc8068a1_147082319_data.0.   | 7.16MB | year=2014/month=1/day=1 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_text/year=2014/month=1/day=1/80732d9dc8068a2_2111411753_data.0.  | 5.98MB | year=2014/month=1/day=1 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_text/year=2014/month=1/day=2/21a828cf494b5bbb_501271652_data.0.  | 6.42MB | year=2014/month=1/day=2 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_text/year=2014/month=1/day=2/21a828cf494b5bbc_501271652_data.0.  | 6.62MB | year=2014/month=1/day=2 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_text/year=2014/month=1/day=2/21a828cf494b5bbd_1393490200_data.0. | 6.98MB | year=2014/month=1/day=2 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_text/year=2014/month=1/day=2/21a828cf494b5bbe_1393490200_data.0. | 6.20MB | year=2014/month=1/day=2 |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------+
</codeblock>
      <p>
        The following example shows a <codeph>SHOW FILES</codeph> statement for a partitioned Parquet table.
        The number and sizes of files are different from the equivalent partitioned text table
        used in the previous example, because <codeph>INSERT</codeph> operations for Parquet tables
        are parallelized differently than for text tables. (Also, the amount of data is so small
        that it can be written to Parquet without involving all the hosts in this 4-node cluster.)
      </p>
<codeblock scale="60">[localhost:21000] > create table part_parq (x bigint, y int, s string) partitioned by (year bigint, month bigint, day bigint) stored as parquet;
[localhost:21000] > insert into part_parq partition (year,month,day) select x, y, s, year, month, day from partitioned_text;
[localhost:21000] > show partitions part_parq;
+-------+-------+-----+-------+--------+---------+--------------+-------------------+---------+-------------------+
| year  | month | day | #Rows | #Files | Size    | Bytes Cached | Cache Replication | Format  | Incremental stats |
+-------+-------+-----+-------+--------+---------+--------------+-------------------+---------+-------------------+
| 2014  | 1     | 1   | -1    | 3      | 17.89MB | NOT CACHED   | NOT CACHED        | PARQUET | false             |
| 2014  | 1     | 2   | -1    | 3      | 17.89MB | NOT CACHED   | NOT CACHED        | PARQUET | false             |
| Total |       |     | -1    | 6      | 35.79MB | 0B           |                   |         |                   |
+-------+-------+-----+-------+--------+---------+--------------+-------------------+---------+-------------------+
[localhost:21000] > show files in part_parq;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------+
| path                                                                                          | size   | partition               |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------+
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_parq/year=2014/month=1/day=1/1134113650_data.0.parq | 4.49MB | year=2014/month=1/day=1 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_parq/year=2014/month=1/day=1/617567880_data.0.parq  | 5.14MB | year=2014/month=1/day=1 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_parq/year=2014/month=1/day=1/2099499416_data.0.parq | 8.27MB | year=2014/month=1/day=1 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_parq/year=2014/month=1/day=2/945567189_data.0.parq  | 8.80MB | year=2014/month=1/day=2 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_parq/year=2014/month=1/day=2/2145850112_data.0.parq | 4.80MB | year=2014/month=1/day=2 |
| hdfs://<varname>impala_data_dir</varname>/show_files.db/part_parq/year=2014/month=1/day=2/665613448_data.0.parq  | 4.29MB | year=2014/month=1/day=2 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------+
</codeblock>
<p>
  The following example shows output from the <codeph>SHOW FILES</codeph> statement
  for a table where the data files are stored in Amazon S3:
</p>
<codeblock scale="70">[localhost:21000] > show files in s3_testing.sample_data_s3;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+
| path                                                                  | size    |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+
| s3a://impala-demo/sample_data/e065453cba1988a6_1733868553_data.0.parq | 24.84MB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+
</codeblock>
<!--
      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_authorization.xml#authorization"/>
      </p>
-->
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept rev="2.0.0" id="show_roles">

    <title>SHOW ROLES Statement</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Sentry"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Roles"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

    <conbody>

      <p>
        The <codeph>SHOW ROLES</codeph> statement displays roles. This syntax
        is available in <keyword keyref="impala20_full"/> and later only, when
        you are using the Sentry authorization framework along with the Sentry
        service, as described in <xref
          href="impala_authorization.xml#sentry_service"/>.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>

      <p>
        Depending on the roles set up within your organization by the <codeph>CREATE ROLE</codeph> statement, the
        output might look something like this:
      </p>

<codeblock>show roles;
+-----------+
| role_name |
+-----------+
| analyst   |
| role1     |
| sales     |
| superuser |
| test_role |
+-----------+
</codeblock>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb_no"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_authorization.xml#authorization"/>
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept rev="2.0.0" id="show_current_role">

    <title>SHOW CURRENT ROLES</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Sentry"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Roles"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

    <conbody>

      <p rev="2.0.0">
        The <codeph>SHOW CURRENT ROLES</codeph> statement displays
        roles assigned to the current user. This syntax is available in <keyword
          keyref="impala20_full"/> and later only, when you are using the Sentry
        authorization framework along with the Sentry service, as described in
          <xref href="impala_authorization.xml#sentry_service"/>.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>

      <p>
        Depending on the roles set up within your organization by the <codeph>CREATE ROLE</codeph> statement, the
        output might look something like this:
      </p>

<codeblock>show current roles;
+-----------+
| role_name |
+-----------+
| role1     |
| superuser |
+-----------+
</codeblock>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb_no"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_authorization.xml#authorization"/>
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept id="show_role_grant">

    <title>SHOW ROLE GRANT GROUP Statement</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Sentry"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Roles"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>


    <conbody>

      <p rev="2.0.0">
        The <codeph>SHOW ROLE GRANT GROUP</codeph> statement lists
        all the roles assigned to the specified group. This statement is only
        allowed for Sentry administrative users and others users that are part
        of the specified group. This syntax is available in <keyword
          keyref="impala20_full"/> and later only, when you are using the Sentry
        authorization framework along with the Sentry service, as described in
          <xref href="impala_authorization.xml#sentry_service"/>.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb_no"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_authorization.xml#authorization"/>
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept rev="2.0.0" id="show_grant_role">

    <title>SHOW GRANT ROLE Statement</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Sentry"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Roles"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>


    <conbody>

      <p>
        <!-- Copied from Sentry docs. Turn into conref. I did some rewording for clarity. -->
        The <codeph>SHOW GRANT ROLE</codeph> statement list all the grants for
        the given role name. This statement is only allowed for Sentry
        administrative users and other users that have been granted the
        specified role. This syntax is available in <keyword
          keyref="impala20_full"/> and later only, when you are using the Sentry
        authorization framework along with the Sentry service, as described in
          <xref href="impala_authorization.xml#sentry_service"/>.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

<!--
<p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>
<codeblock>To do: construct example for SHOW GRANT ROLE</codeblock>
-->

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb_no"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_authorization.xml#authorization"/>
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>
  <concept rev="3.1.0" id="show_grant_user">
    <title>SHOW GRANT USER Statement</title>
    <prolog>
      <metadata>
        <data name="Category" value="Sentry"/>
        <data name="Category" value="Users"/>
      </metadata>
    </prolog>
    <conbody>
      <p>
        The <codeph>SHOW GRANT USER</codeph> statement shows the list of
        privileges for a given user. This statement is only allowed for Sentry
        administrative users. However, the current user can run <codeph>SHOW
          GRANT USER</codeph> for themselves.
      </p>
      <p>
        This syntax is available in <keyword keyref="impala31_full"/> and later
        only, when you are using the Sentry authorization framework along with
        the Sentry service, as described in <xref
          href="impala_authorization.xml#sentry_service"/>.
      </p>
      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>
      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>
      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb_no"/>
      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>
      <p>
        <xref href="impala_authorization.xml#authorization"/>
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept id="show_databases">

    <title>SHOW DATABASES</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Databases"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Schemas"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

    <conbody>

      <p>
        The <codeph>SHOW DATABASES</codeph> statement is often the first one you issue when connecting to an
        instance for the first time. You typically issue <codeph>SHOW DATABASES</codeph> to see the names you can
        specify in a <codeph>USE <varname>db_name</varname></codeph> statement, then after switching to a database
        you issue <codeph>SHOW TABLES</codeph> to see the names you can specify in <codeph>SELECT</codeph> and
        <codeph>INSERT</codeph> statements.
      </p>

      <p rev="2.5.0 IMPALA-2070">
        In <keyword keyref="impala25_full"/> and higher, the output includes a second column showing any associated comment
        for each database.
      </p>

      <p>
        The output of <codeph>SHOW DATABASES</codeph> includes the special <codeph>_impala_builtins</codeph>
        database, which lets you view definitions of built-in functions, as described under <codeph>SHOW
        FUNCTIONS</codeph>.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>

      <p>
        This example shows how you might locate a particular table on an unfamiliar system. The
        <codeph>DEFAULT</codeph> database is the one you initially connect to; a database with that name is present
        on every system. You can issue <codeph>SHOW TABLES IN <varname>db_name</varname></codeph> without going
        into a database, or <codeph>SHOW TABLES</codeph> once you are inside a particular database.
      </p>

<codeblock rev="2.5.0 IMPALA-2070">[localhost:21000] &gt; show databases;
+------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| name             | comment                                      |
+------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| _impala_builtins | System database for Impala builtin functions |
| default          | Default Hive database                        |
| file_formats     |                                              |
+------------------+----------------------------------------------+
Returned 3 row(s) in 0.02s
[localhost:21000] &gt; show tables in file_formats;
+--------------------+
| name               |
+--------------------+
| parquet_table      |
| rcfile_table       |
| sequencefile_table |
| textfile_table     |
+--------------------+
Returned 4 row(s) in 0.01s
[localhost:21000] &gt; use file_formats;
[localhost:21000] &gt; show tables like '*parq*';
+--------------------+
| name               |
+--------------------+
| parquet_table      |
+--------------------+
Returned 1 row(s) in 0.01s</codeblock>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb_no"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_databases.xml#databases"/>, <xref href="impala_create_database.xml#create_database"/>,
        <xref href="impala_drop_database.xml#drop_database"/>, <xref href="impala_use.xml#use"/>
        <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_tables"/>,
        <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_functions"/>
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept id="show_tables">

    <title>SHOW TABLES Statement</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Tables"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Schemas"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

    <conbody>

      <p>
        Displays the names of tables. By default, lists tables in the current database, or with the
        <codeph>IN</codeph> clause, in a specified database. By default, lists all tables, or with the
        <codeph>LIKE</codeph> clause, only those whose name match a pattern with <codeph>*</codeph> wildcards.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

      <p rev="">
        The user ID that the <cmdname>impalad</cmdname> daemon runs under,
        typically the <codeph>impala</codeph> user, must have read and execute
        permissions for all directories that are part of the table.
        (A table could span multiple different HDFS directories if it is partitioned.
        The directories could be widely scattered because a partition can reside
        in an arbitrary HDFS directory based on its <codeph>LOCATION</codeph> attribute.)
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>

      <p>
        The following examples demonstrate the <codeph>SHOW TABLES</codeph> statement.
        If the database contains no tables, the result set is empty.
        If the database does contain tables, <codeph>SHOW TABLES IN <varname>db_name</varname></codeph>
        lists all the table names. <codeph>SHOW TABLES</codeph> with no qualifiers lists
        all the table names in the current database.
      </p>

<codeblock>create database empty_db;
show tables in empty_db;
Fetched 0 row(s) in 0.11s

create database full_db;
create table full_db.t1 (x int);
create table full_db.t2 like full_db.t1;

show tables in full_db;
+------+
| name |
+------+
| t1   |
| t2   |
+------+

use full_db;
show tables;
+------+
| name |
+------+
| t1   |
| t2   |
+------+
</codeblock>

      <p>
        This example demonstrates how <codeph>SHOW TABLES LIKE '<varname>wildcard_pattern</varname>'</codeph>
        lists table names that match a pattern, or multiple alternative patterns.
        The ability to do wildcard matches for table names makes it helpful to establish naming conventions for tables to
        conveniently locate a group of related tables.
      </p>

<codeblock>create table fact_tbl (x int);
create table dim_tbl_1 (s string);
create table dim_tbl_2 (s string);

/* Asterisk is the wildcard character. Only 2 out of the 3 just-created tables are returned. */
show tables like 'dim*';
+-----------+
| name      |
+-----------+
| dim_tbl_1 |
| dim_tbl_2 |
+-----------+

/* We are already in the FULL_DB database, but just to be sure we can specify the database name also. */
show tables in full_db like 'dim*';
+-----------+
| name      |
+-----------+
| dim_tbl_1 |
| dim_tbl_2 |
+-----------+

/* The pipe character separates multiple wildcard patterns. */
show tables like '*dim*|t*';
+-----------+
| name      |
+-----------+
| dim_tbl_1 |
| dim_tbl_2 |
| t1        |
| t2        |
+-----------+
</codeblock>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb_no"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_tables.xml#tables"/>, <xref href="impala_create_table.xml#create_table"/>,
        <xref href="impala_alter_table.xml#alter_table"/>, <xref href="impala_drop_table.xml#drop_table"/>,
        <xref href="impala_describe.xml#describe"/>, <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_create_table"/>,
        <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_table_stats"/>,
        <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_databases"/>,
        <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_functions"/>
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept rev="1.2.1" id="show_create_table">

    <title>SHOW CREATE TABLE Statement</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Schemas"/>
      <data name="Category" value="Impala Data Types"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

    <conbody>

      <p>
        As a schema changes over time, you might run a <codeph>CREATE TABLE</codeph> statement followed by several
        <codeph>ALTER TABLE</codeph> statements. To capture the cumulative effect of all those statements,
        <codeph>SHOW CREATE TABLE</codeph> displays a <codeph>CREATE TABLE</codeph> statement that would reproduce
        the current structure of a table. You can use this output in scripts that set up or clone a group of
        tables, rather than trying to reproduce the original sequence of <codeph>CREATE TABLE</codeph> and
        <codeph>ALTER TABLE</codeph> statements. When creating variations on the original table, or cloning the
        original table on a different system, you might need to edit the <codeph>SHOW CREATE TABLE</codeph> output
        to change things such as the database name, <codeph>LOCATION</codeph> field, and so on that might be
        different on the destination system.
      </p>
      <p>
        If you specify a view name in the <codeph>SHOW CREATE TABLE</codeph>,
        it returns a <codeph>CREATE VIEW</codeph> statement with column names
        and the original SQL statement to reproduce the view. You need the
          <codeph>VIEW_METADATA</codeph> privilege on the view and
          <codeph>SELECT</codeph> privilege on all underlying views and tables to
        successfully run the <codeph>SHOW CREATE VIEW</codeph> statement for a
        view. The <codeph>SHOW CREATE VIEW</codeph> is available as an alias for
          <codeph>SHOW CREATE TABLE</codeph>.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb_no"/>

      <p rev="kudu">
        For Kudu tables:
      </p>

      <ul rev="kudu">
        <li>
          <p>
            The column specifications include attributes such as <codeph>NULL</codeph>,
            <codeph>NOT NULL</codeph>, <codeph>ENCODING</codeph>, and <codeph>COMPRESSION</codeph>.
            If you do not specify those attributes in the original <codeph>CREATE TABLE</codeph> statement,
            the <codeph>SHOW CREATE TABLE</codeph> output displays the defaults that were used.
          </p>
        </li>
        <li>
          <p>
            The specifications of any <codeph>RANGE</codeph> clauses are not displayed in full.
            To see the definition of the range clauses for a Kudu table, use the <codeph>SHOW RANGE PARTITIONS</codeph> statement.
          </p>
        </li>
        <li>
          <p>
            The <codeph>TBLPROPERTIES</codeph> output reflects the Kudu master address
            and the internal Kudu name associated with the Impala table.
          </p>
        </li>
      </ul>

<codeblock rev="kudu">
show CREATE TABLE numeric_grades_default_letter;
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| result                                                                                         |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CREATE TABLE user.numeric_grades_default_letter (                                              |
|   score TINYINT NOT NULL ENCODING AUTO_ENCODING COMPRESSION DEFAULT_COMPRESSION,               |
|   letter_grade STRING NULL ENCODING AUTO_ENCODING COMPRESSION DEFAULT_COMPRESSION DEFAULT '-', |
|   student STRING NULL ENCODING AUTO_ENCODING COMPRESSION DEFAULT_COMPRESSION,                  |
|   PRIMARY KEY (score)                                                                          |
| )                                                                                              |
| PARTITION BY <b>RANGE (score) (...)</b>                                                          |
| STORED AS KUDU                                                                                 |
| TBLPROPERTIES ('kudu.master_addresses'='vd0342.example.com:7051')                              |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

show range partitions numeric_grades_default_letter;
+--------------------+
| RANGE (score)      |
+--------------------+
| 0 &lt;= VALUES &lt; 50   |
| 50 &lt;= VALUES &lt; 65  |
| 65 &lt;= VALUES &lt; 80  |
| 80 &lt;= VALUES &lt; 100 |
+--------------------+
</codeblock>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>

      <p>
        The following example shows how various clauses from the <codeph>CREATE TABLE</codeph> statement are
        represented in the output of <codeph>SHOW CREATE TABLE</codeph>.
      </p>

<codeblock>create table show_create_table_demo (id int comment "Unique ID", y double, s string)
  partitioned by (year smallint)
  stored as parquet;

show create table show_create_table_demo;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| result                                                                                 |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CREATE TABLE scratch.show_create_table_demo (                                          |
|   id INT COMMENT 'Unique ID',                                                          |
|   y DOUBLE,                                                                            |
|   s STRING                                                                             |
| )                                                                                      |
| PARTITIONED BY (                                                                       |
|   year SMALLINT                                                                        |
| )                                                                                      |
| STORED AS PARQUET                                                                      |
| LOCATION 'hdfs://127.0.0.1:8020/user/hive/warehouse/scratch.db/show_create_table_demo' |
| TBLPROPERTIES ('transient_lastDdlTime'='1418152582')                                   |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
</codeblock>

      <p>
        The following example shows how, after a sequence of <codeph>ALTER TABLE</codeph> statements, the output
        from <codeph>SHOW CREATE TABLE</codeph> represents the current state of the table. This output could be
        used to create a matching table rather than executing the original <codeph>CREATE TABLE</codeph> and
        sequence of <codeph>ALTER TABLE</codeph> statements.
      </p>

<codeblock>alter table show_create_table_demo drop column s;
alter table show_create_table_demo set fileformat textfile;

show create table show_create_table_demo;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| result                                                                                 |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CREATE TABLE scratch.show_create_table_demo (                                          |
|   id INT COMMENT 'Unique ID',                                                          |
|   y DOUBLE                                                                             |
| )                                                                                      |
| PARTITIONED BY (                                                                       |
|   year SMALLINT                                                                        |
| )                                                                                      |
| STORED AS TEXTFILE                                                                     |
| LOCATION 'hdfs://127.0.0.1:8020/user/hive/warehouse/demo.db/show_create_table_demo'    |
| TBLPROPERTIES ('transient_lastDdlTime'='1418152638')                                   |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
</codeblock>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_create_table.xml#create_table"/>, <xref href="impala_describe.xml#describe"/>,
        <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_tables"/>
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>
  <concept id="show_create_view">
    <title>SHOW CREATE VIEW Statement</title>
    <conbody>
      <p> The <codeph>SHOW CREATE VIEW</codeph>, it returns a <codeph>CREATE
          VIEW</codeph> statement with column names and the original SQL
        statement to reproduce the view. You need the
          <codeph>VIEW_METADATA</codeph> privilege on the view and
          <codeph>SELECT</codeph> privilege on all underlying views and tables to
        successfully run the <codeph>SHOW CREATE VIEW</codeph> statement for a
        view. </p>
      <p>
        The <codeph>SHOW CREATE VIEW</codeph> is an alias for <codeph>SHOW
          CREATE TABLE</codeph>.
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept id="show_table_stats">

    <title>SHOW TABLE STATS Statement</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Performance"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

    <conbody>

      <p>
        The <codeph>SHOW TABLE STATS</codeph> and <codeph>SHOW COLUMN STATS</codeph> variants are important for
        tuning performance and diagnosing performance issues, especially with the largest tables and the most
        complex join queries.
      </p>

      <p>
        Any values that are not available (because the <codeph>COMPUTE STATS</codeph> statement has not been run
        yet) are displayed as <codeph>-1</codeph>.
      </p>

      <p>
        <codeph>SHOW TABLE STATS</codeph> provides some general information about the table, such as the number of
        files, overall size of the data, whether some or all of the data is in the HDFS cache, and the file format,
        that is useful whether or not you have run the <codeph>COMPUTE STATS</codeph> statement. A
        <codeph>-1</codeph> in the <codeph>#Rows</codeph> output column indicates that the <codeph>COMPUTE
        STATS</codeph> statement has never been run for this table. If the table is partitioned, <codeph>SHOW TABLE
        STATS</codeph> provides this information for each partition. (It produces the same output as the
        <codeph>SHOW PARTITIONS</codeph> statement in this case.)
      </p>

      <p>
        The output of <codeph>SHOW COLUMN STATS</codeph> is primarily only useful after the <codeph>COMPUTE
        STATS</codeph> statement has been run on the table. A <codeph>-1</codeph> in the <codeph>#Distinct
        Values</codeph> output column indicates that the <codeph>COMPUTE STATS</codeph> statement has never been
        run for this table. Currently, Impala always leaves the <codeph>#Nulls</codeph> column as
        <codeph>-1</codeph>, even after <codeph>COMPUTE STATS</codeph> has been run.
      </p>

      <p>
        These <codeph>SHOW</codeph> statements work on actual tables only, not on views.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/kudu_blurb"/>

      <p rev="kudu IMPALA-2830">
        Because Kudu tables do not have characteristics derived from HDFS, such
        as number of files, file format, and HDFS cache status, the output of
        <codeph>SHOW TABLE STATS</codeph> reflects different characteristics
        that apply to Kudu tables. If the Kudu table is created with the
        clause <codeph>PARTITIONS 20</codeph>, then the result set of
        <codeph>SHOW TABLE STATS</codeph> consists of 20 rows, each representing
        one of the numbered partitions. For example:
      </p>

<codeblock rev="kudu IMPALA-2830">
show table stats kudu_table;
+--------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+------------+
| # Rows | Start Key | Stop Key | Leader Replica        | # Replicas |
+--------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+------------+
| -1     |           | 00000001 | host.example.com:7050 | 3          |
| -1     | 00000001  | 00000002 | host.example.com:7050 | 3          |
| -1     | 00000002  | 00000003 | host.example.com:7050 | 3          |
| -1     | 00000003  | 00000004 | host.example.com:7050 | 3          |
| -1     | 00000004  | 00000005 | host.example.com:7050 | 3          |
...
</codeblock>

      <p rev="IMPALA-2830">
        Impala does not compute the number of rows for each partition for
        Kudu tables. Therefore, you do not need to re-run <codeph>COMPUTE STATS</codeph>
        when you see -1 in the <codeph># Rows</codeph> column of the output from
        <codeph>SHOW TABLE STATS</codeph>. That column always shows -1 for
        all Kudu tables.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>

      <p>
        The following examples show how the <codeph>SHOW TABLE STATS</codeph> statement displays physical
        information about a table and the associated data files:
      </p>

<codeblock>show table stats store_sales;
+-------+--------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| #Rows | #Files | Size     | Bytes Cached | Format | Incremental stats |
+-------+--------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| -1    | 1      | 370.45MB | NOT CACHED   | TEXT   | false             |
+-------+--------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------------+

show table stats customer;
+-------+--------+---------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| #Rows | #Files | Size    | Bytes Cached | Format | Incremental stats |
+-------+--------+---------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| -1    | 1      | 12.60MB | NOT CACHED   | TEXT   | false             |
+-------+--------+---------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
</codeblock>

      <p>
        The following example shows how, after a <codeph>COMPUTE STATS</codeph> or <codeph>COMPUTE INCREMENTAL
        STATS</codeph> statement, the <codeph>#Rows</codeph> field is now filled in. Because the
        <codeph>STORE_SALES</codeph> table in this example is not partitioned, the <codeph>COMPUTE INCREMENTAL
        STATS</codeph> statement produces regular stats rather than incremental stats, therefore the
        <codeph>Incremental stats</codeph> field remains <codeph>false</codeph>.
      </p>

<codeblock>compute stats customer;
+------------------------------------------+
| summary                                  |
+------------------------------------------+
| Updated 1 partition(s) and 18 column(s). |
+------------------------------------------+

show table stats customer;
+--------+--------+---------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| #Rows  | #Files | Size    | Bytes Cached | Format | Incremental stats |
+--------+--------+---------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| 100000 | 1      | 12.60MB | NOT CACHED   | TEXT   | false             |
+--------+--------+---------+--------------+--------+-------------------+

compute incremental stats store_sales;
+------------------------------------------+
| summary                                  |
+------------------------------------------+
| Updated 1 partition(s) and 23 column(s). |
+------------------------------------------+

show table stats store_sales;
+---------+--------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| #Rows   | #Files | Size     | Bytes Cached | Format | Incremental stats |
+---------+--------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| 2880404 | 1      | 370.45MB | NOT CACHED   | TEXT   | false             |
+---------+--------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
</codeblock>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb"/>
      <p rev="">
        The user ID that the <cmdname>impalad</cmdname> daemon runs under,
        typically the <codeph>impala</codeph> user, must have read and execute
        permissions for all directories that are part of the table.
        (A table could span multiple different HDFS directories if it is partitioned.
        The directories could be widely scattered because a partition can reside
        in an arbitrary HDFS directory based on its <codeph>LOCATION</codeph> attribute.)
        The Impala user must also have execute
        permission for the database directory, and any parent directories of the database directory in HDFS.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_compute_stats.xml#compute_stats"/>, <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_column_stats"/>
      </p>

      <p>
        See <xref href="impala_perf_stats.xml#perf_stats"/> for usage information and examples.
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept id="show_column_stats">

    <title>SHOW COLUMN STATS Statement</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Performance"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

    <conbody>

      <p>
        The <codeph>SHOW TABLE STATS</codeph> and <codeph>SHOW COLUMN STATS</codeph> variants are important for
        tuning performance and diagnosing performance issues, especially with the largest tables and the most
        complex join queries.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

      <p rev="kudu IMPALA-2830">
        The output for <codeph>SHOW COLUMN STATS</codeph> includes
        the relevant information for Kudu tables.
        The information for column statistics that originates in the
        underlying Kudu storage layer is also represented in the
        metastore database that Impala uses.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>

      <p>
        The following examples show the output of the <codeph>SHOW COLUMN STATS</codeph> statement for some tables,
        before the <codeph>COMPUTE STATS</codeph> statement is run. Impala deduces some information, such as
        maximum and average size for fixed-length columns, and leaves and unknown values as <codeph>-1</codeph>.
      </p>

<codeblock>show column stats customer;
+------------------------+--------+------------------+--------+----------+----------+
| Column                 | Type   | #Distinct Values | #Nulls | Max Size | Avg Size |
+------------------------+--------+------------------+--------+----------+----------+
| c_customer_sk          | INT    | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| c_customer_id          | STRING | -1               | -1     | -1       | -1       |
| c_current_cdemo_sk     | INT    | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| c_current_hdemo_sk     | INT    | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| c_current_addr_sk      | INT    | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| c_first_shipto_date_sk | INT    | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| c_first_sales_date_sk  | INT    | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| c_salutation           | STRING | -1               | -1     | -1       | -1       |
| c_first_name           | STRING | -1               | -1     | -1       | -1       |
| c_last_name            | STRING | -1               | -1     | -1       | -1       |
| c_preferred_cust_flag  | STRING | -1               | -1     | -1       | -1       |
| c_birth_day            | INT    | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| c_birth_month          | INT    | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| c_birth_year           | INT    | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| c_birth_country        | STRING | -1               | -1     | -1       | -1       |
| c_login                | STRING | -1               | -1     | -1       | -1       |
| c_email_address        | STRING | -1               | -1     | -1       | -1       |
| c_last_review_date     | STRING | -1               | -1     | -1       | -1       |
+------------------------+--------+------------------+--------+----------+----------+

show column stats store_sales;
+-----------------------+-------+------------------+--------+----------+----------+
| Column                | Type  | #Distinct Values | #Nulls | Max Size | Avg Size |
+-----------------------+-------+------------------+--------+----------+----------+
| ss_sold_date_sk       | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_sold_time_sk       | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_item_sk            | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_customer_sk        | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_cdemo_sk           | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_hdemo_sk           | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_addr_sk            | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_store_sk           | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_promo_sk           | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ticket_number      | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_quantity           | INT   | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_wholesale_cost     | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_list_price         | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_sales_price        | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ext_discount_amt   | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ext_sales_price    | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ext_wholesale_cost | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ext_list_price     | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ext_tax            | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_coupon_amt         | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_net_paid           | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_net_paid_inc_tax   | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_net_profit         | FLOAT | -1               | -1     | 4        | 4        |
+-----------------------+-------+------------------+--------+----------+----------+
</codeblock>

      <p>
        The following examples show the output of the <codeph>SHOW COLUMN STATS</codeph> statement for some tables,
        after the <codeph>COMPUTE STATS</codeph> statement is run. Now most of the <codeph>-1</codeph> values are
        changed to reflect the actual table data. The <codeph>#Nulls</codeph> column remains <codeph>-1</codeph>
        because Impala does not use the number of <codeph>NULL</codeph> values to influence query planning.
      </p>

<codeblock>compute stats customer;
+------------------------------------------+
| summary                                  |
+------------------------------------------+
| Updated 1 partition(s) and 18 column(s). |
+------------------------------------------+

compute stats store_sales;
+------------------------------------------+
| summary                                  |
+------------------------------------------+
| Updated 1 partition(s) and 23 column(s). |
+------------------------------------------+

show column stats customer;
+------------------------+--------+------------------+--------+----------+--------+
| Column                 | Type   | #Distinct Values | #Nulls | Max Size | Avg Size
+------------------------+--------+------------------+--------+----------+--------+
| c_customer_sk          | INT    | 139017           | -1     | 4        | 4      |
| c_customer_id          | STRING | 111904           | -1     | 16       | 16     |
| c_current_cdemo_sk     | INT    | 95837            | -1     | 4        | 4      |
| c_current_hdemo_sk     | INT    | 8097             | -1     | 4        | 4      |
| c_current_addr_sk      | INT    | 57334            | -1     | 4        | 4      |
| c_first_shipto_date_sk | INT    | 4374             | -1     | 4        | 4      |
| c_first_sales_date_sk  | INT    | 4409             | -1     | 4        | 4      |
| c_salutation           | STRING | 7                | -1     | 4        | 3.1308 |
| c_first_name           | STRING | 3887             | -1     | 11       | 5.6356 |
| c_last_name            | STRING | 4739             | -1     | 13       | 5.9106 |
| c_preferred_cust_flag  | STRING | 3                | -1     | 1        | 0.9656 |
| c_birth_day            | INT    | 31               | -1     | 4        | 4      |
| c_birth_month          | INT    | 12               | -1     | 4        | 4      |
| c_birth_year           | INT    | 71               | -1     | 4        | 4      |
| c_birth_country        | STRING | 205              | -1     | 20       | 8.4001 |
| c_login                | STRING | 1                | -1     | 0        | 0      |
| c_email_address        | STRING | 94492            | -1     | 46       | 26.485 |
| c_last_review_date     | STRING | 349              | -1     | 7        | 6.7561 |
+------------------------+--------+------------------+--------+----------+--------+

show column stats store_sales;
+-----------------------+-------+------------------+--------+----------+----------+
| Column                | Type  | #Distinct Values | #Nulls | Max Size | Avg Size |
+-----------------------+-------+------------------+--------+----------+----------+
| ss_sold_date_sk       | INT   | 4395             | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_sold_time_sk       | INT   | 63617            | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_item_sk            | INT   | 19463            | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_customer_sk        | INT   | 122720           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_cdemo_sk           | INT   | 242982           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_hdemo_sk           | INT   | 8097             | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_addr_sk            | INT   | 70770            | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_store_sk           | INT   | 6                | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_promo_sk           | INT   | 355              | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ticket_number      | INT   | 304098           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_quantity           | INT   | 105              | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_wholesale_cost     | FLOAT | 9600             | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_list_price         | FLOAT | 22191            | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_sales_price        | FLOAT | 20693            | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ext_discount_amt   | FLOAT | 228141           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ext_sales_price    | FLOAT | 433550           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ext_wholesale_cost | FLOAT | 406291           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ext_list_price     | FLOAT | 574871           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_ext_tax            | FLOAT | 91806            | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_coupon_amt         | FLOAT | 228141           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_net_paid           | FLOAT | 493107           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_net_paid_inc_tax   | FLOAT | 653523           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
| ss_net_profit         | FLOAT | 611934           | -1     | 4        | 4        |
+-----------------------+-------+------------------+--------+----------+----------+
</codeblock>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb"/>
      <p rev="">
        The user ID that the <cmdname>impalad</cmdname> daemon runs under,
        typically the <codeph>impala</codeph> user, must have read and execute
        permissions for all directories that are part of the table.
        (A table could span multiple different HDFS directories if it is partitioned.
        The directories could be widely scattered because a partition can reside
        in an arbitrary HDFS directory based on its <codeph>LOCATION</codeph> attribute.)
        The Impala user must also have execute
        permission for the database directory, and any parent directories of the database directory in HDFS.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_compute_stats.xml#compute_stats"/>, <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_table_stats"/>
      </p>

      <p>
        See <xref href="impala_perf_stats.xml#perf_stats"/> for usage information and examples.
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept rev="1.4.0" id="show_partitions">

    <title>SHOW PARTITIONS Statement</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Schemas"/>
      <!-- At some point, need to figure out categories related to partitioning. (Partitioned Tables etc.) -->
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

    <conbody>

      <p>
        <codeph>SHOW PARTITIONS</codeph> displays information about each partition for a partitioned table. (The
        output is the same as the <codeph>SHOW TABLE STATS</codeph> statement, but <codeph>SHOW PARTITIONS</codeph>
        only works on a partitioned table.) Because it displays table statistics for all partitions, the output is
        more informative if you have run the <codeph>COMPUTE STATS</codeph> statement after creating all the
        partitions. See <xref href="impala_compute_stats.xml#compute_stats"/> for details. For example, on a
        <codeph>CENSUS</codeph> table partitioned on the <codeph>YEAR</codeph> column:
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/kudu_blurb"/>

      <p rev="kudu IMPALA-4403">
        The optional <codeph>RANGE</codeph> clause only applies to Kudu tables. It displays only the partitions
        defined by the <codeph>RANGE</codeph> clause of <codeph>CREATE TABLE</codeph> or <codeph>ALTER TABLE</codeph>.
      </p>

      <p rev="kudu IMPALA-4403">
        Although you can specify <codeph>&lt;</codeph> or
        <codeph>&lt;=</codeph> comparison operators when defining
        range partitions for Kudu tables, Kudu rewrites them if necessary
        to represent each range as
        <codeph><varname>low_bound</varname> &lt;= VALUES &lt; <varname>high_bound</varname></codeph>.
        This rewriting might involve incrementing one of the boundary values
        or appending a <codeph>\0</codeph> for string values, so that the
        partition covers the same range as originally specified.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>

      <p>
        The following example shows the output for a Parquet, text, or other
        HDFS-backed table partitioned on the <codeph>YEAR</codeph> column:
      </p>

<codeblock rev="1.4.0">[localhost:21000] &gt; show partitions census;
+-------+-------+--------+------+---------+
| year  | #Rows | #Files | Size | Format  |
+-------+-------+--------+------+---------+
| 2000  | -1    | 0      | 0B   | TEXT    |
| 2004  | -1    | 0      | 0B   | TEXT    |
| 2008  | -1    | 0      | 0B   | TEXT    |
| 2010  | -1    | 0      | 0B   | TEXT    |
| 2011  | 4     | 1      | 22B  | TEXT    |
| 2012  | 4     | 1      | 22B  | TEXT    |
| 2013  | 1     | 1      | 231B | PARQUET |
| Total | 9     | 3      | 275B |         |
+-------+-------+--------+------+---------+
</codeblock>

      <p rev="kudu IMPALA-4403">
        The following example shows the output for a Kudu table
        using the hash partitioning mechanism. The number of
        rows in the result set corresponds to the values used
        in the <codeph>PARTITIONS <varname>N</varname></codeph>
        clause of <codeph>CREATE TABLE</codeph>.
      </p>

<codeblock rev="kudu IMPALA-4403"><![CDATA[
show partitions million_rows_hash;

+--------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+--
| # Rows | Start Key | Stop Key | Leader Replica        | # Replicas
+--------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+--
| -1     |           | 00000001 | n236.example.com:7050 | 3
| -1     | 00000001  | 00000002 | n236.example.com:7050 | 3
| -1     | 00000002  | 00000003 | n336.example.com:7050 | 3
| -1     | 00000003  | 00000004 | n238.example.com:7050 | 3
| -1     | 00000004  | 00000005 | n338.example.com:7050 | 3
....
| -1     | 0000002E  | 0000002F | n240.example.com:7050 | 3
| -1     | 0000002F  | 00000030 | n336.example.com:7050 | 3
| -1     | 00000030  | 00000031 | n240.example.com:7050 | 3
| -1     | 00000031  |          | n334.example.com:7050 | 3
+--------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+--
Fetched 50 row(s) in 0.05s
]]>
</codeblock>

      <p rev="kudu IMPALA-4403">
        The following example shows the output for a Kudu table
        using the range partitioning mechanism:
      </p>

<codeblock rev="kudu IMPALA-4403"><![CDATA[
show range partitions million_rows_range;
+-----------------------+
| RANGE (id)            |
+-----------------------+
| VALUES < "A"          |
| "A" <= VALUES < "["   |
| "a" <= VALUES < "{"   |
| "{" <= VALUES < "~\0" |
+-----------------------+
]]>
</codeblock>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb"/>
      <p rev="">
        The user ID that the <cmdname>impalad</cmdname> daemon runs under,
        typically the <codeph>impala</codeph> user, must have read and execute
        permissions for all directories that are part of the table.
        (A table could span multiple different HDFS directories if it is partitioned.
        The directories could be widely scattered because a partition can reside
        in an arbitrary HDFS directory based on its <codeph>LOCATION</codeph> attribute.)
        The Impala user must also have execute
        permission for the database directory, and any parent directories of the database directory in HDFS.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        See <xref href="impala_perf_stats.xml#perf_stats"/> for usage information and examples.
      </p>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_table_stats"/>, <xref href="impala_partitioning.xml#partitioning"/>
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept rev="1.3.0" id="show_functions">

    <title>SHOW FUNCTIONS Statement</title>
  <prolog>
    <metadata>
      <data name="Category" value="Impala Functions"/>
      <data name="Category" value="UDFs"/>
    </metadata>
  </prolog>

    <conbody>

      <p>
        By default, <codeph>SHOW FUNCTIONS</codeph> displays user-defined functions (UDFs) and <codeph>SHOW
        AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS</codeph> displays user-defined aggregate functions (UDAFs) associated with a particular
        database. The output from <codeph>SHOW FUNCTIONS</codeph> includes the argument signature of each function.
        You specify this argument signature as part of the <codeph>DROP FUNCTION</codeph> statement. You might have
        several UDFs with the same name, each accepting different argument data types.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/usage_notes_blurb"/>

      <p rev="2.5.0">
        In <keyword keyref="impala25_full"/> and higher, the <codeph>SHOW FUNCTIONS</codeph> output includes
        a new column, labelled <codeph>is persistent</codeph>. This property is <codeph>true</codeph> for
        Impala built-in functions, C++ UDFs, and Java UDFs created using the new <codeph>CREATE FUNCTION</codeph>
        syntax with no signature. It is <codeph>false</codeph> for Java UDFs created using the old
        <codeph>CREATE FUNCTION</codeph> syntax that includes the types for the arguments and return value.
        Any functions with <codeph>false</codeph> shown for this property must be created again by the
        <codeph>CREATE FUNCTION</codeph> statement each time the Impala catalog server is restarted.
        See <codeph>CREATE FUNCTION</codeph> for information on switching to the new syntax, so that
        Java UDFs are preserved across restarts. Java UDFs that are persisted this way are also easier
        to share across Impala and Hive.
      </p>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/security_blurb"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/show_security"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/permissions_blurb_no"/>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>

      <p>
        To display Impala built-in functions, specify the special database name <codeph>_impala_builtins</codeph>:
      </p>

<codeblock rev="2.5.0">show functions in _impala_builtins;
+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+-------------+---------------+
| return type  | signature                                       | binary type | is persistent |
+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+-------------+---------------+
| BIGINT       | abs(BIGINT)                                     | BUILTIN     | true          |
| DECIMAL(*,*) | abs(DECIMAL(*,*))                               | BUILTIN     | true          |
| DOUBLE       | abs(DOUBLE)                                     | BUILTIN     | true          |
| FLOAT        | abs(FLOAT)                                      | BUILTIN     | true          |
+----------------+----------------------------------------+
...

show functions in _impala_builtins like '*week*';
+-------------+------------------------------+-------------+---------------+
| return type | signature                    | binary type | is persistent |
+-------------+------------------------------+-------------+---------------+
| INT         | dayofweek(TIMESTAMP)         | BUILTIN     | true          |
| INT         | weekofyear(TIMESTAMP)        | BUILTIN     | true          |
| TIMESTAMP   | weeks_add(TIMESTAMP, BIGINT) | BUILTIN     | true          |
| TIMESTAMP   | weeks_add(TIMESTAMP, INT)    | BUILTIN     | true          |
| TIMESTAMP   | weeks_sub(TIMESTAMP, BIGINT) | BUILTIN     | true          |
| TIMESTAMP   | weeks_sub(TIMESTAMP, INT)    | BUILTIN     | true          |
+-------------+------------------------------+-------------+---------------+
</codeblock>

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p>
        <xref href="impala_functions_overview.xml#functions"/>, <xref href="impala_functions.xml#builtins"/>,
        <xref href="impala_udf.xml#udfs"/>,
        <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_databases"/>,
        <xref href="impala_show.xml#show_tables"/>
      </p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>

  <concept rev="someday" audience="hidden" id="show_data_sources">

    <title>SHOW DATA SOURCES Statement (Impala x.y and later only)</title>

    <conbody>

      <p>
        <codeph>SHOW DATA SOURCES</codeph> lists the external data sources defined by the <codeph>CREATE DATA
        SOURCE</codeph> statement. To show only those names matching a pattern, use the <codeph>LIKE</codeph>
        clause with asterisks for wildcards, for example <codeph>SHOW DATA SOURCES LIKE '*sql*'</codeph>. These
        data sources are global, not associated with a specific Impala database, so there is no <codeph>IN</codeph>
        clause as in most other kinds of objects.
      </p>

<!--
<p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>
<codeblock>To do: construct example for SHOW DATA SOURCES when that statement is externalized</codeblock>
-->

      <p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>

      <p></p>
    </conbody>
  </concept>
</concept>