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| <h1 class="h1 innerhero__h1">Distributed ACID <br />Transactions</h1> |
| <div class="pt-2 h3">with Apache Ignite</div> |
| <div class="innerhero__descr pt-4 h5">Classical ACID transactions that let you update distributed data <br />consistently, durably and with in-memory speed</div> |
| <div class="innerhero__action"><a class="button innerhero__button" href="https://ignite.apache.org/docs/latest/index">Start Coding</a></div> |
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| <h2 class="acid1__h2 h4">Update multiple records from different tables that span across many cluster nodes</h2> |
| <div class="acid1__wrap flexi"> |
| <div class="acid1__item"> |
| <div class="acid1__title fz20">Consistency</div> |
| <div class="acid1__text pt-3"><p>Ignite transactional APIs are used by banks to implement payments services that transfer money between accounts in real-time.</p></div> |
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| <div class="acid1__item"> |
| <div class="acid1__title fz20">Durability</div> |
| <div class="acid1__text pt-3"><p>Multi-tier storage persists changes durably to disk. Committed transactions always survive failures, incomplete transactions are rolled back.</p></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="acid1__item"> |
| <div class="acid1__title fz20">Fault-Tolerance</div> |
| <div class="acid1__text pt-3"><p>The transactional engine avoids inconsistencies even if your transaction is failed in the middle of a commit.</p></div> |
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| <h2 class="acid2__h2"> |
| To guarantee data consistency, durability and fault-tolerance<br /> |
| <strong>Ignite implements the two-phase commit protocol</strong> |
| </h2> |
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| <p>In distributed systems, a transaction usually spans across multiple cluster nodes.</p> |
| <p>To handle possible distributed failures properly and avoid data inconsistencies cluster-wide, a two-phase commit protocol (2PC) is used.</p> |
| <h3 class="acid2__subtitle h5 pb-2">How ACID transactions work</h3> |
| <p>Whenever the records get updated within a transaction, Ignite keeps the transactional state in a local transaction map until the changes are committed.</p> |
| <p>At which point, the data is transferred to the participating remote nodes. Only the nodes that hold primary or backup copies of the data participate in the transaction.</p> |
| <p>If a transaction is mapped to a single node, then, Ignite optimizes the transaction execution by switching to the one-phase-commit (1PC) protocol.</p> |
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| <h2 class="h4 acid3__title">Records are updated consistently across <br />memory and disk tiers</h2> |
| <div class="acid3__wrap pt-5 flexi"> |
| <div class="acid3__col"> |
| <h3 class="h5 pb-2">Transactions with Ignite native persistence</h3> |
| <p class="fz20 acid3__collead">In case of any failure you can always recover to a consistent state</p> |
| <div class="acid3__small pt-4"> |
| <p> |
| When native persistence mode is enabled and Apache Ignite is used as a database that scales beyond available memory capacity, the distributed transactions update data across memory and disk |
| in a consistent way. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| All the changes stay durable, because they are written to the write-ahead log (WAL) files. It guarantees data consistency even if the cluster or individual nodes go down in the middle |
| of a transaction. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| <a class="acid3__detlink" href="#" data-hideopen="acidbox"> WAL in details</a> |
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| <p>The purpose of the WAL is to propagate updates to the disk in the append-only mode, which is the fastest way to persist data to disk.</p> |
| <p class="pt-1"> |
| The WAL provides a recovery mechanism for failure scenarios when a single node or the whole cluster goes down. A cluster can always be recovered to the latest successfully committed transaction. |
| </p> |
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| <div class="acid3__col"> |
| <h3 class="h5 pb-2">Transactions with external databases</h3> |
| <p class="fz20 acid3__collead">Your transactions will be updated both i external database and Apache Ignite</p> |
| <div class="acid3__small pt-4"> |
| <p> |
| When Apache Ignite is used as a caching layer for an external database, such as RDBMS, transactions span the cached data in Ignite as well as the data persisted in a database |
| supporting transactional APIs. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| For instance, if a relational database is configured as a disk tier, Ignite writes the transactional changes to the database before sending a commit message to participating cluster |
| nodes. |
| </p> |
| <p>This way, if a transaction fails at the database level, Ignite can still send the rollback message to the cluster nodes, keeping the data consistent across memory and disk tiers.</p> |
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| <h3 class="h4 nativebotblock__title"><img class="nativebotblock__icon" src="/img/features/native-rocket.svg" alt="" /><span>Ready to Start?</span></h3> |
| <p class="nativebotblock__text">Create your transactional application <br />with Apache Ignite</p> |
| <a class="nativebotblock__link arrowlink" href="https://ignite.apache.org/docs/latest/key-value-api/transactions" target="_blank">Performing ACID Transactions</a> |
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| <p class="nativebotblock__text">Ignite 3.0 advances its replication and transactional components with the support of the <strong>Raft consensus algorithm</strong></p> |
| <a class="nativebotblock__link arrowlink" href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/IGNITE/IEP-61%3A+Common+Replication+Infrastructure" target="_blank">Ignite 3.0 and Raft Details</a> |
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