// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

use crate::{RUNTIME, ffi};
use bytes::Bytes;
use iggy::prelude::{
    AutoLogin as RustAutoLogin, Client as IggyConnectionClient, ClusterClient, Consumer,
    ConsumerGroupClient, ConsumerOffsetClient, Identifier as RustIdentifier,
    IggyClient as RustIggyClient, IggyClientBuilder as RustIggyClientBuilder,
    IggyDuration as RustIggyDuration, IggyMessage, IggyTimestamp, MessageClient,
    NonZeroIggyDuration as RustNonZeroIggyDuration, OptionsScope as RustOptionsScope,
    PartitionClient, Partitioning, Permissions as RustPermissions, PollingStrategy, SegmentClient,
    SnapshotCompression as RustSnapshotCompression, StreamClient, StreamUpdateOptions,
    SystemClient as RustSystemClient, SystemSnapshotType as RustSystemSnapshotType, TopicClient,
    TopicCreateOptions as RustTopicCreateOptions, TopicUpdateOptions as RustTopicUpdateOptions,
    UserClient, UserStatus as RustUserStatus, UserUpdateOptions,
};
use iggy_common::Credentials as RustCredentials;
use std::collections::HashSet;
use std::convert::TryFrom;
use std::str::FromStr;
use std::sync::Arc;

/// Sentinel value passed from C++ to mean "no partition specified" — the server picks the
/// partition based on the consumer/strategy. Cxx FFI does not support `Option<u32>`, so we
/// reserve `u32::MAX` as the sentinel for `partition_id`.
const ANY_PARTITION_ID: u32 = u32::MAX;

fn resolve_consumer(consumer_kind: &str, consumer_id: RustIdentifier) -> Result<Consumer, String> {
    match consumer_kind {
        "consumer" => Ok(Consumer::new(consumer_id)),
        "consumer_group" => Ok(Consumer::group(consumer_id)),
        _ => Err(format!("invalid consumer kind: {consumer_kind}")),
    }
}

fn opt_partition(partition_id: u32) -> Option<u32> {
    if partition_id == ANY_PARTITION_ID {
        None
    } else {
        Some(partition_id)
    }
}

pub struct Client {
    pub inner: Arc<RustIggyClient>,
}

/// Creates a new client connection and returns a raw pointer to the underlying [`Client`].
///
/// # Ownership
///
/// The returned `*mut Client` is owned by the caller (the C++ side). The caller is responsible
/// for calling [`delete_connection`] exactly once to release the resources. Failing to do so
/// leaks the underlying tokio runtime resources and the open network connection.
///
/// # Safety
///
/// - Passing the pointer to [`delete_connection`] more than once is undefined behaviour
///   (double-free).
/// - Using the pointer after [`delete_connection`] has been called is undefined behaviour
///   (use-after-free).
/// - This function does not provide synchronisation. The pointer must not be used concurrently
///   from multiple threads unless the caller serialises access externally.
pub fn new_connection(config: ffi::IggyClientConfig) -> Result<*mut Client, String> {
    let mut builder = RustIggyClientBuilder::new().with_tcp();
    if !config.server_address.is_empty() {
        builder = builder.with_server_address(config.server_address);
    }
    match config.auto_login_kind {
        ffi::AutoLoginKind::Disabled => {}
        ffi::AutoLoginKind::UsernamePassword => {
            builder = builder.with_auto_sign_in(RustAutoLogin::Enabled(
                RustCredentials::UsernamePassword(config.username, config.password.into()),
            ));
        }
        ffi::AutoLoginKind::PersonalAccessToken => {
            builder = builder.with_auto_sign_in(RustAutoLogin::Enabled(
                RustCredentials::PersonalAccessToken(config.personal_access_token.into()),
            ));
        }
        _ => return Err("Unsupported automatic login kind".to_owned()),
    }
    builder = builder.with_reconnection_max_retries(
        config
            .has_reconnection_max_retries
            .then_some(config.reconnection_max_retries),
    );
    if config.has_reconnection_interval {
        let reconnection_interval =
            RustNonZeroIggyDuration::try_from(config.reconnection_interval_micros)
                .map_err(|error| format!("Invalid reconnection interval: {error}"))?;
        builder = builder.with_reconnection_interval(reconnection_interval);
    }
    if config.has_reestablish_after {
        builder =
            builder.with_reestablish_after(RustIggyDuration::from(config.reestablish_after_micros));
    }
    if !config.tls_enabled
        && (!config.tls_domain.is_empty()
            || !config.tls_ca_file.is_empty()
            || config.has_tls_validate_certificate)
    {
        return Err("TLS settings require TLS to be enabled".to_owned());
    }
    builder = builder.with_tls_enabled(config.tls_enabled);
    if !config.tls_domain.is_empty() {
        builder = builder.with_tls_domain(config.tls_domain);
    }
    if !config.tls_ca_file.is_empty() {
        builder = builder.with_tls_ca_file(config.tls_ca_file);
    }
    if config.has_tls_validate_certificate {
        builder = builder.with_tls_validate_certificate(config.tls_validate_certificate);
    }
    if config.no_delay {
        builder = builder.with_no_delay();
    }
    let client = builder
        .build()
        .map_err(|error| format!("Could not build configured connection: {error}"))?;

    Ok(Box::into_raw(Box::new(Client {
        inner: Arc::new(client),
    })))
}

pub fn from_connection_string(connection_string: String) -> Result<*mut Client, String> {
    let client = RustIggyClient::from_connection_string(&connection_string)
        .map_err(|error| format!("Could not parse connection string: {error}"))?;

    Ok(Box::into_raw(Box::new(Client {
        inner: Arc::new(client),
    })))
}

impl Client {
    pub fn login_user(&self, username: String, password: String) -> Result<ffi::LoginInfo, String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let identity = self
                .inner
                .login_user(&username, &password)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not login user '{username}': {error}"))?;
            Ok(ffi::LoginInfo::from(identity))
        })
    }

    pub fn logout_user(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .logout_user()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not logout user: {error}"))?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn connect(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .connect()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not connect: {error}"))?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn disconnect(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .disconnect()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not disconnect: {error}"))?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn shutdown(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .shutdown()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not shutdown client: {error}"))?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn get_streams(&self) -> Result<Vec<ffi::Stream>, String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let streams = self
                .inner
                .get_streams()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get streams: {error}"))?;
            Ok(streams.into_iter().map(ffi::Stream::from).collect())
        })
    }

    pub fn create_stream(&self, stream_name: String) -> Result<ffi::StreamDetails, String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let stream_details = self
                .inner
                .create_stream(&stream_name)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not create stream '{stream_name}': {error}"))?;
            Ok(ffi::StreamDetails::from(stream_details))
        })
    }

    pub fn update_stream(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        stream_name: String,
        options: Vec<ffi::HeaderEntry>,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not update stream '{stream_name}': {error}"))?;
        // Stream options are currently null-op (UPDATABLE_STREAM_OPTION_KEYS is empty),
        // so no conversion is needed. Keep param for surface parity and pass default.
        let _ = options;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .update_stream(
                    &rust_stream_id,
                    &stream_name,
                    &StreamUpdateOptions::default(),
                )
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not update stream '{rust_stream_id}' to '{stream_name}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn get_stream(&self, stream_id: ffi::Identifier) -> Result<ffi::StreamDetails, String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get stream: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let stream_details = self
                .inner
                .get_stream(&rust_stream_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"))?;
            let stream_details =
                stream_details.ok_or_else(|| format!("Stream '{rust_stream_id}' was not found"))?;
            Ok(ffi::StreamDetails::from(stream_details))
        })
    }

    pub fn delete_stream(&self, stream_id: ffi::Identifier) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not delete stream: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .delete_stream(&rust_stream_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not delete stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"))?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn purge_stream(&self, stream_id: ffi::Identifier) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not purge stream: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .purge_stream(&rust_stream_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not purge stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"))?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
    pub fn send_messages(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        partitioning_kind: String,
        partitioning_value: Vec<u8>,
        messages: Vec<ffi::IggyMessageToSend>,
    ) -> Result<ffi::SendMessagesResponse, String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not send messages: {error}"))?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not send messages: {error}"))?;

        let partitioning = match partitioning_kind.as_str() {
            "balanced" => Partitioning::balanced(),
            "partition_id" => {
                if partitioning_value.len() != 4 {
                    return Err(format!(
                        "Could not send messages: partition_id requires exactly 4 bytes, got {}",
                        partitioning_value.len()
                    ));
                }
                let id =
                    u32::from_le_bytes(partitioning_value.as_slice().try_into().map_err(|_| {
                        "Could not send messages: invalid partition_id value".to_string()
                    })?);
                Partitioning::partition_id(id)
            }
            "messages_key" => {
                if partitioning_value.is_empty() {
                    return Err(
                        "Could not send messages: messages_key requires a non-empty value"
                            .to_string(),
                    );
                }
                Partitioning::messages_key(&partitioning_value).map_err(|error| {
                    format!("Could not send messages: invalid messages key: {error}")
                })?
            }
            _ => {
                return Err(format!(
                    "Could not send messages: invalid partitioning kind: {partitioning_kind}"
                ));
            }
        };

        let mut iggy_messages: Vec<IggyMessage> = messages
            .into_iter()
            .map(IggyMessage::try_from)
            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let response = self
                .inner
                .send_messages(
                    &rust_stream_id,
                    &rust_topic_id,
                    &partitioning,
                    &mut iggy_messages,
                )
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not send messages: {error}"))?;
            Ok(ffi::SendMessagesResponse::from(response))
        })
    }

    pub fn flush_unsaved_buffer(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        partition_id: u32,
        fsync: bool,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not flush unsaved buffer: {error}"))?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not flush unsaved buffer: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .flush_unsaved_buffer(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id, partition_id, fsync)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not flush unsaved buffer for stream '{rust_stream_id}', topic '{rust_topic_id}', partition '{partition_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
    pub fn poll_messages(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        partition_id: u32,
        consumer_kind: String,
        consumer_id: ffi::Identifier,
        polling_strategy_kind: String,
        polling_strategy_value: u64,
        count: u32,
        auto_commit: bool,
    ) -> Result<ffi::PolledMessages, String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not poll messages: {error}"))?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not poll messages: {error}"))?;
        let rust_consumer_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(consumer_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not poll messages: {error}"))?;
        let consumer = resolve_consumer(&consumer_kind, rust_consumer_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not poll messages: {error}"))?;

        let strategy = match polling_strategy_kind.as_str() {
            "offset" => PollingStrategy::offset(polling_strategy_value),
            "timestamp" => PollingStrategy::timestamp(IggyTimestamp::from(polling_strategy_value)),
            "first" => PollingStrategy::first(),
            "last" => PollingStrategy::last(),
            "next" => PollingStrategy::next(),
            _ => {
                return Err(format!(
                    "Could not poll messages: invalid polling strategy: {polling_strategy_kind}"
                ));
            }
        };

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let polled = self
                .inner
                .poll_messages(
                    &rust_stream_id,
                    &rust_topic_id,
                    opt_partition(partition_id),
                    &consumer,
                    &strategy,
                    count,
                    auto_commit,
                )
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not poll messages: {error}"))?;
            Ok(ffi::PolledMessages::from(polled))
        })
    }

    pub fn create_topic(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_name: String,
        options: ffi::TopicCreateOptions,
    ) -> Result<ffi::TopicDetails, String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not create topic '{topic_name}': {error}"))?;
        let options = RustTopicCreateOptions::try_from(options)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not create topic '{topic_name}': {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let topic_details = self
                .inner
                .create_topic(&rust_stream_id, &topic_name, &options)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not create topic '{topic_name}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(ffi::TopicDetails::from(topic_details))
        })
    }

    pub fn get_topic(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
    ) -> Result<ffi::TopicDetails, String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get topic: invalid stream identifier: {error}"))?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get topic: invalid topic identifier: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let topic_details = self
                .inner
                .get_topic(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not get topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            let topic_details = topic_details.ok_or_else(|| {
                format!(
                    "Topic '{rust_topic_id}' was not found on stream '{rust_stream_id}'"
                )
            })?;
            Ok(ffi::TopicDetails::from(topic_details))
        })
    }

    pub fn get_topics(&self, stream_id: ffi::Identifier) -> Result<Vec<ffi::Topic>, String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get topics: invalid stream identifier: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let topics = self
                .inner
                .get_topics(&rust_stream_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!("Could not get topics on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}")
                })?;
            Ok(topics.into_iter().map(ffi::Topic::from).collect())
        })
    }

    pub fn update_topic(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_name: String,
        options: ffi::TopicUpdateOptions,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not update topic '{topic_name}': {error}"))?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not update topic '{topic_name}': {error}"))?;
        let update_options = RustTopicUpdateOptions::try_from(options)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not update topic '{topic_name}': {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .update_topic(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id, &topic_name, &update_options)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not update topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn delete_topic(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not delete topic: invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not delete topic: invalid topic identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .delete_topic(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not delete topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn purge_topic(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not purge topic: invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not purge topic: invalid topic identifier: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .purge_topic(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not purge topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn create_partitions(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        partitions_count: u32,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not create partitions: invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not create partitions: invalid topic identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .create_partitions(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id, partitions_count)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not create {partitions_count} partitions for topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn delete_partitions(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        partitions_count: u32,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not delete partitions: invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not delete partitions: invalid topic identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .delete_partitions(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id, partitions_count)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not delete {partitions_count} partitions for topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn delete_segments(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        partition_id: u32,
        segments_count: u32,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not delete segments: invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not delete segments: invalid topic identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .delete_segments(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id, partition_id, segments_count)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not delete {segments_count} segments for topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}', partition '{partition_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn create_consumer_group(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        name: String,
    ) -> Result<ffi::ConsumerGroupDetails, String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not create consumer group '{name}': invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not create consumer group '{name}': invalid topic identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let group = self
                .inner
                .create_consumer_group(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id, &name)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not create consumer group '{name}' for topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(ffi::ConsumerGroupDetails::from(group))
        })
    }

    pub fn get_consumer_group(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        group_id: ffi::Identifier,
    ) -> Result<ffi::ConsumerGroupDetails, String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not get consumer group: invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not get consumer group: invalid topic identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_group_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(group_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not get consumer group: invalid group identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let group = self
                .inner
                .get_consumer_group(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id, &rust_group_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not get consumer group '{rust_group_id}' for topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            let group = group.ok_or_else(|| {
                format!(
                    "Consumer group '{rust_group_id}' was not found for topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}'"
                )
            })?;
            Ok(ffi::ConsumerGroupDetails::from(group))
        })
    }

    pub fn get_consumer_groups(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
    ) -> Result<Vec<ffi::ConsumerGroup>, String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not get consumer groups: invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not get consumer groups: invalid topic identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let groups = self
                .inner
                .get_consumer_groups(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not get consumer groups for topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(groups.into_iter().map(ffi::ConsumerGroup::from).collect())
        })
    }

    pub fn delete_consumer_group(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        group_id: ffi::Identifier,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not delete consumer group: invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not delete consumer group: invalid topic identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_group_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(group_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not delete consumer group: invalid group identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .delete_consumer_group(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id, &rust_group_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not delete consumer group '{rust_group_id}' for topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn join_consumer_group(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        group_id: ffi::Identifier,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not join consumer group: invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not join consumer group: invalid topic identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_group_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(group_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not join consumer group: invalid group identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .join_consumer_group(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id, &rust_group_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not join consumer group '{rust_group_id}' for topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn store_consumer_offset(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        partition_id: u32,
        consumer_kind: String,
        consumer_id: ffi::Identifier,
        offset: u64,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not store consumer offset: {error}"))?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not store consumer offset: {error}"))?;
        let rust_consumer_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(consumer_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not store consumer offset: {error}"))?;
        let consumer = resolve_consumer(&consumer_kind, rust_consumer_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not store consumer offset: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .store_consumer_offset(
                    &consumer,
                    &rust_stream_id,
                    &rust_topic_id,
                    opt_partition(partition_id),
                    offset,
                )
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not store consumer offset for stream '{rust_stream_id}', topic '{rust_topic_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn get_consumer_offset(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        partition_id: u32,
        consumer_kind: String,
        consumer_id: ffi::Identifier,
    ) -> Result<ffi::ConsumerOffsetInfo, String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get consumer offset: {error}"))?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get consumer offset: {error}"))?;
        let rust_consumer_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(consumer_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get consumer offset: {error}"))?;
        let consumer = resolve_consumer(&consumer_kind, rust_consumer_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get consumer offset: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let offset = self
                .inner
                .get_consumer_offset(
                    &consumer,
                    &rust_stream_id,
                    &rust_topic_id,
                    opt_partition(partition_id),
                )
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not get consumer offset for stream '{rust_stream_id}', topic '{rust_topic_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            ffi::ConsumerOffsetInfo::try_from(offset).map_err(|error| {
                format!(
                    "Could not get consumer offset for stream '{rust_stream_id}', topic '{rust_topic_id}': {error}"
                )
            })
        })
    }

    pub fn delete_consumer_offset(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        partition_id: u32,
        consumer_kind: String,
        consumer_id: ffi::Identifier,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not delete consumer offset: {error}"))?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not delete consumer offset: {error}"))?;
        let rust_consumer_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(consumer_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not delete consumer offset: {error}"))?;
        let consumer = resolve_consumer(&consumer_kind, rust_consumer_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not delete consumer offset: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .delete_consumer_offset(
                    &consumer,
                    &rust_stream_id,
                    &rust_topic_id,
                    opt_partition(partition_id),
                )
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not delete consumer offset for stream '{rust_stream_id}', topic '{rust_topic_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn get_stats(&self) -> Result<ffi::Stats, String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let stats = self
                .inner
                .get_stats()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get stats: {error}"))?;
            Ok(ffi::Stats::from(stats))
        })
    }

    pub fn get_me(&self) -> Result<ffi::ClientInfoDetails, String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let client = self
                .inner
                .get_me()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get current client info: {error}"))?;
            Ok(ffi::ClientInfoDetails::from(client))
        })
    }

    pub fn get_client(&self, client_id: u32) -> Result<ffi::ClientInfoDetails, String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let client = self
                .inner
                .get_client(client_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get client '{client_id}': {error}"))?;
            ffi::ClientInfoDetails::try_from(client)
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get client '{client_id}': {error}"))
        })
    }

    pub fn get_clients(&self) -> Result<Vec<ffi::ClientInfo>, String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let clients = self
                .inner
                .get_clients()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get clients: {error}"))?;
            Ok(clients.into_iter().map(ffi::ClientInfo::from).collect())
        })
    }

    /// Serves the option catalog of one scope: "topic", "stream" or "user".
    ///
    /// A caller learns the keys `create_topic` accepts from here and nowhere
    /// else. A key outside the catalog is refused at create, and the binary
    /// transports answer that refusal with an error code alone, so the
    /// rejection never names the keys that would have worked.
    ///
    /// A scope whose catalog is still empty answers with an empty vector, so an
    /// empty result means the scope takes no keys yet, not that the call failed.
    pub fn describe_options(&self, scope: String) -> Result<Vec<ffi::OptionSpec>, String> {
        let rust_scope = RustOptionsScope::from_str(&scope).map_err(|_| {
            format!(
                "Could not describe options: invalid scope '{scope}'. Expected 'topic', 'stream' or 'user'."
            )
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let specs = self
                .inner
                .describe_options(rust_scope)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!("Could not describe options for scope '{rust_scope}': {error}")
                })?;
            Ok(specs.into_iter().map(ffi::OptionSpec::from).collect())
        })
    }

    pub fn ping(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .ping()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not ping server: {error}"))?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn leave_consumer_group(
        &self,
        stream_id: ffi::Identifier,
        topic_id: ffi::Identifier,
        group_id: ffi::Identifier,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_stream_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(stream_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not leave consumer group: invalid stream identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_topic_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(topic_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not leave consumer group: invalid topic identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_group_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(group_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not leave consumer group: invalid group identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .leave_consumer_group(&rust_stream_id, &rust_topic_id, &rust_group_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not leave consumer group '{rust_group_id}' for topic '{rust_topic_id}' on stream '{rust_stream_id}': {error}"
                    )
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn heartbeat_interval(&self) -> u64 {
        // The upstream client exposes this config-derived value via an async API,
        // so the synchronous C++ wrapper reads it by blocking on the runtime.
        RUNTIME.block_on(async { self.inner.heartbeat_interval().await.as_micros() })
    }

    pub fn snapshot(
        &self,
        snapshot_compression: String,
        snapshot_types: Vec<String>,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
        let rust_compression = match snapshot_compression.trim() {
            "" => {
                return Err(
                    "Could not capture snapshot: snapshot_compression must not be empty"
                        .to_string(),
                );
            }
            value => RustSnapshotCompression::from_str(value).map_err(|error| {
                format!("Could not capture snapshot: invalid compression '{value}': {error}")
            })?,
        };
        if snapshot_types.is_empty() {
            return Err("Could not capture snapshot: snapshot_types must not be empty".to_string());
        }

        let mut seen_snapshot_types = HashSet::new();
        let rust_snapshot_types = snapshot_types
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|snapshot_type| seen_snapshot_types.insert(snapshot_type.clone()))
            .map(|snapshot_type| {
                RustSystemSnapshotType::from_str(&snapshot_type).map_err(|error| {
                    format!(
                        "Could not capture snapshot: invalid snapshot type '{snapshot_type}': {error}"
                    )
                })
            })
            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let snapshot = self
                .inner
                .snapshot(rust_compression, rust_snapshot_types)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not capture snapshot: {error}"))?;
            let iggy_common::Snapshot(bytes) = snapshot;
            Ok(bytes)
        })
    }

    pub fn get_cluster_metadata(&self) -> Result<ffi::ClusterMetadata, String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let metadata = self
                .inner
                .get_cluster_metadata()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get cluster metadata: {error}"))?;
            Ok(ffi::ClusterMetadata::from(metadata))
        })
    }

    pub fn get_user(&self, user_id: ffi::Identifier) -> Result<ffi::UserInfoDetails, String> {
        let rust_user_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(user_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get user: invalid user identifier: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let user = self
                .inner
                .get_user(&rust_user_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get user '{rust_user_id}': {error}"))?;
            ffi::UserInfoDetails::try_from(user)
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get user '{rust_user_id}': {error}"))
        })
    }

    pub fn get_users(&self) -> Result<Vec<ffi::UserInfo>, String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let users = self
                .inner
                .get_users()
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not get users: {error}"))?;
            Ok(users.into_iter().map(ffi::UserInfo::from).collect())
        })
    }

    pub fn create_user(
        &self,
        username: String,
        password: String,
        status: ffi::UserStatus,
        has_permissions: bool,
        permissions: ffi::Permissions,
    ) -> Result<ffi::UserInfoDetails, String> {
        let rust_status = RustUserStatus::try_from(status)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not create user '{username}': {error}"))?;
        let rust_permissions = has_permissions
            .then(|| RustPermissions::try_from(permissions))
            .transpose()
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not create user '{username}': {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let user = self
                .inner
                .create_user(&username, &password, rust_status, rust_permissions)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not create user '{username}': {error}"))?;
            Ok(ffi::UserInfoDetails::from(user))
        })
    }

    pub fn delete_user(&self, user_id: ffi::Identifier) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_user_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(user_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not delete user: invalid user identifier: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .delete_user(&rust_user_id)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not delete user '{rust_user_id}': {error}"))?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn update_user(
        &self,
        user_id: ffi::Identifier,
        has_username: bool,
        username: String,
        has_status: bool,
        status: ffi::UserStatus,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_user_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(user_id)
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not update user: invalid user identifier: {error}"))?;
        let rust_status = has_status
            .then(|| RustUserStatus::try_from(status))
            .transpose()
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not update user '{rust_user_id}': {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .update_user(
                    &rust_user_id,
                    has_username.then_some(username.as_str()),
                    rust_status,
                    &UserUpdateOptions::default(),
                )
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not update user '{rust_user_id}': {error}"))?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn update_permissions(
        &self,
        user_id: ffi::Identifier,
        has_permissions: bool,
        permissions: ffi::Permissions,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_user_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(user_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not update permissions: invalid user identifier: {error}")
        })?;
        let rust_permissions = has_permissions
            .then(|| RustPermissions::try_from(permissions))
            .transpose()
            .map_err(|error| format!("Could not update permissions: {error}"))?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .update_permissions(&rust_user_id, rust_permissions)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!("Could not update permissions for user '{rust_user_id}': {error}")
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    pub fn change_password(
        &self,
        user_id: ffi::Identifier,
        current_password: String,
        new_password: String,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        let rust_user_id = RustIdentifier::try_from(user_id).map_err(|error| {
            format!("Could not change password: invalid user identifier: {error}")
        })?;

        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            self.inner
                .change_password(&rust_user_id, &current_password, &new_password)
                .await
                .map_err(|error| {
                    format!("Could not change password for user '{rust_user_id}': {error}")
                })?;
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    /// Sends a command code and payload and returns the raw response bytes.
    /// Session-control codes return an invalid-command error.
    pub fn send_binary_request(&self, code: u32, payload: Vec<u8>) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
        RUNTIME.block_on(async {
            let response = self
                .inner
                .send_binary_request(code, Bytes::from(payload))
                .await
                .map_err(|error| format!("Could not send raw command '{code}': {error}"))?;
            Ok(Vec::from(response))
        })
    }
}

pub unsafe fn delete_connection(client: *mut Client) {
    if !client.is_null() {
        unsafe {
            drop(Box::from_raw(client));
        }
    }
}