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| <manualpage metafile="install.xml.meta"> |
| |
| <title>Compiling and Installing</title> |
| |
| <summary> |
| |
| <p>This document covers compilation and installation of the Apache HTTP Server |
| on Unix and Unix-like systems only. For compiling and |
| installation on Windows, see <a |
| href="platform/windows.html">Using Apache HTTP Server with Microsoft |
| Windows</a> and <a |
| href="platform/win_compiling.html">Compiling Apache for Microsoft Windows</a>. |
| For other platforms, see the <a |
| href="platform/">platform</a> documentation.</p> |
| |
| <p>Apache httpd uses <code>libtool</code> and <code>autoconf</code> |
| to create a build environment that looks like many other Open Source |
| projects.</p> |
| |
| <p>If you are upgrading from one minor version to the next (for |
| example, 2.4.9 to 2.4.10), please skip down to the <a |
| href="#upgrading">upgrading</a> section.</p> |
| |
| </summary> |
| |
| <seealso><a href="programs/configure.html">Configure the source tree</a></seealso> |
| <seealso><a href="invoking.html">Starting Apache httpd</a></seealso> |
| <seealso><a href="stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting</a></seealso> |
| |
| <section id="overview"><title>Overview for the |
| impatient</title> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt>Installing on Fedora/CentOS/Red Hat Enterprise Linux</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <highlight> |
| sudo yum install httpd |
| sudo systemctl enable httpd |
| sudo systemctl start httpd |
| </highlight> |
| |
| <note type="warning">Newer releases of these distros use |
| <code>dnf</code> rather than <code>yum</code>. See <a |
| href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server">the |
| Fedora project's documentation</a> for platform-specific notes.</note> |
| </dd> |
| |
| <dt>Installing on Ubuntu/Debian</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <highlight> |
| sudo apt install apache2 |
| sudo service apache2 start |
| </highlight> |
| |
| <note type="warning">See <a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/httpd.html">Ubuntu's documentation</a> for platform-specific notes.</note> |
| |
| </dd> |
| |
| <dt>Installing from source</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <table> |
| <columnspec><column width=".13"/><column width=".80"/></columnspec> |
| <tr> |
| <td><a href="#download">Download</a></td> |
| |
| <td>Download the latest release from <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi#apache24">http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi</a> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td><a href="#extract">Extract</a></td> |
| |
| <td><code>$ gzip -d httpd-<em>NN</em>.tar.gz<br /> |
| $ tar xvf httpd-<em>NN</em>.tar<br /> |
| $ cd httpd-<em>NN</em></code></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td><a href="#configure">Configure</a></td> |
| |
| <td><code>$ ./configure --prefix=<em>PREFIX</em></code> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td><a href="#compile">Compile</a></td> |
| |
| <td><code>$ make</code> </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td><a href="#install">Install</a></td> |
| |
| <td><code>$ make install</code> </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td><a href="#customize">Customize</a></td> |
| |
| <td><code>$ vi <em>PREFIX</em>/conf/httpd.conf</code> </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td><a href="#test">Test</a></td> |
| |
| <td><code>$ <em>PREFIX</em>/bin/apachectl -k start</code> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p><em>NN</em> must be replaced with the current version |
| number, and <em>PREFIX</em> must be replaced with the |
| filesystem path under which the server should be installed. If |
| <em>PREFIX</em> is not specified, it defaults to |
| <code>/usr/local/apache2</code>.</p> |
| |
| <p>Each section of the compilation and installation process is |
| described in more detail below, beginning with the requirements |
| for compiling and installing Apache httpd.</p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| |
| <note type="warning">Don't see your favorite platform mentioned |
| here? <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-project/">Come help us |
| improve this doc.</a></note> |
| |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="requirements"><title>Requirements</title> |
| |
| <p>The following requirements exist for building Apache httpd:</p> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt>APR and APR-Util</dt> |
| <dd>Make sure you have APR and APR-Util already installed on |
| your system. If you don't, or prefer to not use the system-provided |
| versions, download the latest versions of both APR and APR-Util |
| from <a href="http://apr.apache.org/">Apache APR</a>, unpack |
| them into <code>/httpd_source_tree_root/srclib/apr</code> and <code>/httpd_source_tree_root/srclib/apr-util</code> |
| (be sure the directory names do not have version numbers; for example, |
| the APR distribution must be under /httpd_source_tree_root/srclib/apr/) and use |
| <code>./configure</code>'s <code>--with-included-apr</code> |
| option. On some platforms, you may have to install the |
| corresponding <code>-dev</code> packages to allow httpd to build |
| against your installed copy of APR and APR-Util.</dd> |
| |
| <dt>Perl-Compatible Regular Expressions Library (PCRE)</dt> |
| <dd>This library is required but not longer bundled with httpd. |
| Download the source code from <a href="http://www.pcre.org/">http://www.pcre.org</a>, |
| or install a Port or Package. If your build system can't find |
| the pcre-config script installed by the PCRE build, point to it |
| using the <code>--with-pcre</code> parameter. On some platforms, |
| you may have to install the corresponding <code>-dev</code> |
| package to allow httpd to build against your installed copy |
| of PCRE.</dd> |
| |
| <dt>Disk Space</dt> |
| <dd>Make sure you have at least 50 MB of temporary free disk |
| space available. After installation the server occupies |
| approximately 10 MB of disk space. The actual disk space |
| requirements will vary considerably based on your chosen |
| configuration options, any third-party modules, and, of course, |
| the size of the web site or sites that you have on the server.</dd> |
| |
| <dt>ANSI-C Compiler and Build System</dt> |
| <dd>Make sure you have an ANSI-C compiler installed. The <a |
| href="http://gcc.gnu.org/">GNU C |
| compiler (GCC)</a> from the <a |
| href="http://www.gnu.org/">Free Software Foundation (FSF)</a> |
| is recommended. If you don't have GCC |
| then at least make sure your vendor's compiler is ANSI |
| compliant. In addition, your <code>PATH</code> must contain |
| basic build tools such as <code>make</code>.</dd> |
| |
| <dt>Accurate time keeping</dt> |
| <dd>Elements of the HTTP protocol are expressed as the time of |
| day. So, it's time to investigate setting some time |
| synchronization facility on your system. Usually the |
| <code>ntpdate</code> or <code>xntpd</code> programs are used for |
| this purpose which are based on the Network Time Protocol (NTP). |
| See the <a href="http://www.ntp.org">NTP |
| homepage</a> for more details about NTP software and public |
| time servers.</dd> |
| |
| <dt><a href="http://www.perl.org/">Perl 5</a> |
| [OPTIONAL]</dt> |
| <dd>For some of the support scripts like <program> |
| apxs</program> or <program>dbmmanage</program> (which are |
| written in Perl) the Perl 5 interpreter is required (versions |
| 5.003 or newer are sufficient). If no Perl 5 interpreter is found by the |
| <program>configure</program> script, you will not be able to use |
| the affected support scripts. Of course, you will still be able to |
| build and use Apache httpd.</dd> |
| </dl> |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="download"><title>Download</title> |
| |
| <p>The Apache HTTP Server can be downloaded from the <a |
| href="http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi">Apache HTTP Server |
| download site</a>, which lists several mirrors. Most users of |
| Apache on unix-like systems will be better off downloading and |
| compiling a source version. The build process (described below) is |
| easy, and it allows you to customize your server to suit your needs. |
| In addition, binary releases are often not up to date with the latest |
| source releases. If you do download a binary, follow the instructions |
| in the <code>INSTALL.bindist</code> file inside the distribution.</p> |
| |
| <p>After downloading, it is important to verify that you have a |
| complete and unmodified version of the Apache HTTP Server. This |
| can be accomplished by testing the downloaded tarball against the |
| PGP signature. Details on how to do this are available on the <a |
| href="http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi#verify">download |
| page</a> and an extended example is available describing the <a |
| href="http://httpd.apache.org/dev/verification.html">use of |
| PGP</a>.</p> |
| |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="extract"><title>Extract</title> |
| |
| <p>Extracting the source from the Apache HTTP Server tarball is a |
| simple matter of uncompressing, and then untarring:</p> |
| |
| <example> |
| $ gzip -d httpd-<em>NN</em>.tar.gz<br /> |
| $ tar xvf httpd-<em>NN</em>.tar |
| </example> |
| |
| <p>This will create a new directory under the current directory |
| containing the source code for the distribution. You should |
| <code>cd</code> into that directory before proceeding with |
| compiling the server.</p> |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="configure"><title>Configuring the source tree</title> |
| |
| <p>The next step is to configure the Apache source tree for your |
| particular platform and personal requirements. This is done using |
| the script <program>configure</program> included in |
| the root directory of the distribution. (Developers downloading |
| an unreleased version of the Apache source tree will need to have |
| <code>autoconf</code> and <code>libtool</code> installed and will |
| need to run <code>buildconf</code> before proceeding with the next |
| steps. This is not necessary for official releases.)</p> |
| |
| <p>To configure the source tree using all the default options, |
| simply type <code>./configure</code>. To change the default |
| options, <program>configure</program> accepts a variety of variables |
| and command line options.</p> |
| |
| <p>The most important option is the location <code>--prefix</code> |
| where Apache is to be installed later, because Apache has to be |
| configured for this location to work correctly. More fine-tuned |
| control of the location of files is possible with additional <a |
| href="programs/configure.html#installationdirectories">configure |
| options</a>.</p> |
| |
| <p>Also at this point, you can specify which <a |
| href="programs/configure.html#optionalfeatures">features</a> you |
| want included in Apache by enabling and disabling <a |
| href="mod/">modules</a>. Apache comes with a wide range of modules |
| included by default. They will be compiled as |
| <a href="dso.html">shared objects (DSOs)</a> which can be loaded |
| or unloaded at runtime. |
| You can also choose to compile modules statically by using the option |
| <code>--enable-<var>module</var>=static</code>.</p> |
| |
| <p>Additional modules are enabled using the |
| <code>--enable-<var>module</var></code> option, where |
| <var>module</var> is the name of the module with the |
| <code>mod_</code> string removed and with any underscore converted |
| to a dash. Similarly, you can disable modules with the |
| <code>--disable-<var>module</var></code> option. Be careful when |
| using these options, since <program>configure</program> cannot warn you |
| if the module you specify does not exist; it will simply ignore the |
| option.</p> |
| |
| <p>In addition, it is sometimes necessary to provide the |
| <program>configure</program> script with extra information about the |
| location of your compiler, libraries, or header files. This is |
| done by passing either environment variables or command line |
| options to <program>configure</program>. For more information, see the |
| <program>configure</program> manual page. Or invoke |
| <program>configure</program> using the <code>--help</code> option.</p> |
| |
| <p>For a short impression of what possibilities you have, here |
| is a typical example which compiles Apache for the installation |
| tree <code>/sw/pkg/apache</code> with a particular compiler and flags |
| plus the two additional modules <module>mod_ldap</module> and |
| <module>mod_lua</module>:</p> |
| |
| <example> |
| $ CC="pgcc" CFLAGS="-O2" \<br /> |
| ./configure --prefix=/sw/pkg/apache \<br /> |
| --enable-ldap=shared \<br /> |
| --enable-lua=shared |
| </example> |
| |
| <p>When <program>configure</program> is run it will take several minutes to |
| test for the availability of features on your system and build |
| Makefiles which will later be used to compile the server.</p> |
| |
| <p>Details on all the different <program>configure</program> options are |
| available on the <program>configure</program> manual page.</p> |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="compile"><title>Build</title> |
| |
| <p>Now you can build the various parts which form the Apache |
| package by simply running the command:</p> |
| |
| <example>$ make</example> |
| |
| <p>Please be patient here, since a base configuration takes |
| several minutes to compile and the time will vary widely |
| depending on your hardware and the number of modules that you |
| have enabled.</p> |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="install"><title>Install</title> |
| |
| <p>Now it's time to install the package under the configured |
| installation <em>PREFIX</em> (see <code>--prefix</code> option |
| above) by running:</p> |
| |
| <example>$ make install</example> |
| |
| <p>This step will typically require root privileges, since |
| <em>PREFIX</em> is usually a directory with restricted write |
| permissions.</p> |
| |
| <p>If you are upgrading, the installation will not overwrite |
| your configuration files or documents.</p> |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="customize"><title>Customize</title> |
| |
| <p>Next, you can customize your Apache HTTP server by editing |
| the <a href="configuring.html">configuration files</a> under |
| <code><em>PREFIX</em>/conf/</code>.</p> |
| |
| <example>$ vi <em>PREFIX</em>/conf/httpd.conf</example> |
| |
| <p>Have a look at the Apache manual under |
| <code><em>PREFIX</em>/docs/manual/</code> or consult <a |
| href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/&httpd.docs;/" |
| >http://httpd.apache.org/docs/&httpd.docs;/</a> for the most recent |
| version of this manual and a complete reference of available <a |
| href="mod/directives.html">configuration directives</a>.</p> |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="test"><title>Test</title> |
| |
| <p>Now you can <a href="invoking.html">start</a> your Apache |
| HTTP server by immediately running:</p> |
| |
| <example>$ <em>PREFIX</em>/bin/apachectl -k start</example> |
| |
| <p>You should then be able to request your first document |
| via the URL <code>http://localhost/</code>. The web page you see is located |
| under the <directive module="core">DocumentRoot</directive>, |
| which will usually be <code><em>PREFIX</em>/htdocs/</code>. |
| Then <a href="stopping.html">stop</a> the server again by |
| running:</p> |
| |
| <example>$ <em>PREFIX</em>/bin/apachectl -k stop</example> |
| </section> |
| <section id="upgrading"><title>Upgrading</title> |
| |
| <p>The first step in upgrading is to read the release announcement |
| and the file <code>CHANGES</code> in the source distribution to |
| find any changes that may affect your site. When changing between |
| major releases (for example, from 2.0 to 2.2 or from 2.2 to 2.4), |
| there will likely be major differences in the compile-time and |
| run-time configuration that will require manual adjustments. All |
| modules will also need to be upgraded to accommodate changes in the |
| module API.</p> |
| |
| <p>Upgrading from one minor version to the next (for example, from |
| 2.2.55 to 2.2.57) is easier. The <code>make install</code> |
| process will not overwrite any of your existing documents, log |
| files, or configuration files. In addition, the developers make |
| every effort to avoid incompatible changes in the |
| <program>configure</program> options, run-time configuration, or the |
| module API between minor versions. In most cases you should be able to |
| use an identical <program>configure</program> command line, an identical |
| configuration file, and all of your modules should continue to |
| work.</p> |
| |
| <p>To upgrade across minor versions, start by finding the file |
| <code>config.nice</code> in the <code>build</code> directory of |
| your installed server or at the root of the source tree for your |
| old install. This will contain the exact |
| <program>configure</program> command line that you used to |
| configure the source tree. Then to upgrade from one version to |
| the next, you need only copy the <code>config.nice</code> file to |
| the source tree of the new version, edit it to make any desired |
| changes, and then run:</p> |
| |
| <example> |
| $ ./config.nice<br /> |
| $ make<br /> |
| $ make install<br /> |
| $ <em>PREFIX</em>/bin/apachectl -k graceful-stop<br /> |
| $ <em>PREFIX</em>/bin/apachectl -k start<br /> |
| </example> |
| |
| <note type="warning">You should always test any new version in your |
| environment before putting it into production. For example, you |
| can install and run the new version along side the old one by |
| using a different <code>--prefix</code> and a |
| different port (by adjusting the <directive |
| module="mpm_common">Listen</directive> directive) to test for any |
| incompatibilities before doing the final upgrade.</note> |
| |
| <p>You can pass additional arguments to <code>config.nice</code>, |
| which will be appended to your original <program>configure</program> |
| options:</p> |
| |
| <example> |
| $ ./config.nice --prefix=/home/test/apache --with-port=90 |
| </example> |
| </section> |
| <section id="thirdp"><title>Third-party packages</title> |
| |
| <p>A large number of third parties provide their own packaged |
| distributions of the Apache HTTP Server for installation on |
| particular platforms. This includes the various Linux distributions, |
| various third-party Windows packages, Mac OS X, Solaris, and many |
| more.</p> |
| |
| <p>Our software license not only permits, but encourages, this kind |
| of redistribution. However, it does result in a situation where the |
| configuration layout and defaults on your installation of the server |
| may differ from what is stated in the documentation. While |
| unfortunate, this situation is not likely to change any time |
| soon.</p> |
| |
| <p>A <a |
| href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/DistrosDefaultLayout">description |
| of these third-party distrubutions</a> is maintained in the HTTP |
| Server wiki, and should reflect the current state of these |
| third-party distributions. However, you will need to familiarize |
| yourself with your particular platform's package management and |
| installation procedures.</p> |
| |
| </section> |
| </manualpage> |