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| <manualpage metafile="public_html.xml.meta"> |
| <parentdocument href="./">How-To / Tutorials</parentdocument> |
| |
| <title>Per-user web directories</title> |
| |
| <summary> |
| <p>On systems with multiple users, each user can be permitted to have a |
| web site in their home directory using the <directive |
| module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive> directive. Visitors |
| to a URL <code>http://example.com/~username/</code> will get content |
| out of the home directory of the user "<code>username</code>", out of |
| the subdirectory specified by the <directive |
| module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive> directive.</p> |
| <p>Note that, by default, access to these directories is <strong>not</strong> |
| enabled. You can enable access when using <directive module="mod_userdir" |
| >UserDir</directive> by uncommenting the line:</p> |
| <highlight language="config"> |
| #Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf |
| </highlight> |
| <p>in the default config file <code>conf/httpd.conf</code>, and adapting the <code |
| >httpd-userdir.conf</code> |
| file as necessary, or by including the appropriate directives in a |
| <directive module="core" type="section">Directory</directive> block |
| within the main config file.</p> |
| </summary> |
| |
| <seealso><a href="../urlmapping.html">Mapping URLs to the Filesystem</a></seealso> |
| |
| <section id="related"> |
| <title>Per-user web directories</title> |
| <related> |
| <modulelist> |
| <module>mod_userdir</module> |
| </modulelist> |
| <directivelist> |
| <directive module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive> |
| <directive module="core">DirectoryMatch</directive> |
| <directive module="core">AllowOverride</directive> |
| </directivelist> |
| </related> |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="userdir"> |
| <title>Setting the file path with UserDir</title> |
| |
| <p>The <directive module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive> |
| directive specifies a directory out of which per-user |
| content is loaded. This directive may take several different forms.</p> |
| |
| <p>If a path is given which does not start with a leading slash, it is |
| assumed to be a directory path relative to the home directory of the |
| specified user. Given this configuration:</p> |
| |
| <highlight language="config"> |
| UserDir public_html |
| </highlight> |
| |
| <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be |
| translated to the file path |
| <code>/home/rbowen/public_html/file.html</code></p> |
| |
| <p>If a path is given starting with a slash, a directory path will be |
| constructed using that path, plus the username specified. Given this |
| configuration:</p> |
| |
| <highlight language="config"> |
| UserDir /var/html |
| </highlight> |
| |
| <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be |
| translated to the file path <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p> |
| |
| <p>If a path is provided which contains an asterisk (*), a path is used |
| in which the asterisk is replaced with the username. Given this |
| configuration:</p> |
| |
| <highlight language="config"> |
| UserDir /var/www/*/docs |
| </highlight> |
| |
| <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be |
| translated to the file path |
| <code>/var/www/rbowen/docs/file.html</code></p> |
| |
| <p>Multiple directories or directory paths can also be set.</p> |
| |
| <highlight language="config"> |
| UserDir public_html /var/html |
| </highlight> |
| |
| <p>For the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code>, |
| Apache will search for <code>~rbowen</code>. If it isn't found, |
| Apache will search for <code>rbowen</code> in <code>/var/html</code>. If |
| found, the above URL will then be translated to the file path |
| <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p> |
| |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="redirect"> |
| <title>Redirecting to external URLs</title> |
| <p>The <directive module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive> directive can be |
| used to redirect user directory requests to external URLs.</p> |
| |
| <highlight language="config"> |
| UserDir http://example.org/users/*/ |
| </highlight> |
| |
| <p>The above example will redirect a request for |
| <code>http://example.com/~bob/abc.html</code> to |
| <code>http://example.org/users/bob/abc.html</code>.</p> |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="enable"> |
| <title>Restricting what users are permitted to use this |
| feature</title> |
| |
| <p>Using the syntax shown in the UserDir documentation, you can restrict |
| what users are permitted to use this functionality:</p> |
| |
| <highlight language="config"> |
| UserDir disabled root jro fish |
| </highlight> |
| |
| <p>The configuration above will enable the feature for all users |
| except for those listed in the <code>disabled</code> statement. |
| You can, likewise, disable the feature for all but a few users by |
| using a configuration like the following:</p> |
| |
| <highlight language="config"> |
| UserDir disabled |
| UserDir enabled rbowen krietz |
| </highlight> |
| |
| <p>See <directive module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive> |
| documentation for additional examples.</p> |
| |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="cgi"> |
| <title>Enabling a cgi directory for each user</title> |
| |
| <p>In order to give each user their own cgi-bin directory, you can use |
| a <directive module="core" type="section">Directory</directive> |
| directive to make a particular subdirectory of a user's home directory |
| cgi-enabled.</p> |
| |
| <highlight language="config"> |
| <Directory "/home/*/public_html/cgi-bin/"> |
| Options ExecCGI |
| SetHandler cgi-script |
| </Directory> |
| </highlight> |
| |
| <p>Then, presuming that <code>UserDir</code> is set to |
| <code>public_html</code>, a cgi program <code>example.cgi</code> |
| could be loaded from that directory as:</p> |
| |
| <example> |
| http://example.com/~rbowen/cgi-bin/example.cgi |
| </example> |
| |
| </section> |
| |
| <section id="htaccess"> |
| <title>Allowing users to alter configuration</title> |
| |
| <p>If you want to allows users to modify the server configuration in |
| their web space, they will need to use <code>.htaccess</code> files to |
| make these changes. Ensure that you have set <directive |
| module="core">AllowOverride</directive> to a |
| value sufficient for the directives that you want to permit the users |
| to modify. See the <a href="htaccess.html">.htaccess tutorial</a> for |
| additional details on how this works.</p> |
| |
| </section> |
| |
| </manualpage> |