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 <H1 ALIGN="CENTER">Starting Apache</H1>

 <H2>Invoking Apache</H2>

 On Unix, the <CODE>httpd</CODE> program is usually run as a daemon
 which executes continuously, handling requests.  It is possible to
 invoke Apache by the Internet daemon <CODE>inetd</CODE> each time a
 connection to the HTTP service is made (use the <A
 HREF="mod/core.html#servertype">ServerType</A> directive) but this is
 not recommended.

 <P>

 On Windows, Apache is normally run as a service on Windows NT, or as a
 console application on Windows 95. See also <A
 HREF="windows.html#run">running Apache for Windows</A>.

 <H2>Command line options</H2>
 The following options are recognized on the httpd command line:
 <DL>
 <DT><CODE>-d</CODE> <EM>serverroot</EM>
 <DD>Set the initial value for the
 <A HREF="mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</A> variable to
 <EM>serverroot</EM>. This can be overridden by the ServerRoot command
 in the configuration file. The default is
 <CODE>/usr/local/apache</CODE> on Unix, <CODE>/apache</CODE> on
 Windows and <CODE>/os2httpd</CODE> on OS/2.

 <DT><CODE>-D</CODE> <EM>name</EM>
 <DD>Define a name for use in in
 <A HREF="mod/core.html#ifdefine">IfDefine</A> directives.
 This option can be used to optionally enable certain functionality in the
 configuration file, or to use a common configuration for
 several independent hosts, where host specific information is enclosed in
 &lt;IfDefine&gt; sections.

 <DT><CODE>-f</CODE> <EM>config</EM>
 <DD>Execute the commands in the file <EM>config</EM> on startup. If
 <EM>config</EM> does not begin with a <CODE>/</CODE>, then it is taken to be a
 path relative to the <A HREF="mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</A>. The
 default is <CODE>conf/httpd.conf</CODE>.

 <DT><CODE>-C</CODE> <EM>"directive"</EM>
 <DD>Process the given apache "directive" (just as if it had been part of a
 configuration file) <STRONG>before</STRONG> actually reading the regular configuration files.

 <DT><CODE>-c</CODE> <EM>"directive"</EM>
 <DD>Process the given apache "directive" <STRONG>after</STRONG> reading
 all the regular configuration files.

 <DT><CODE>-X</CODE>
 <DD>Run in single-process mode, for internal debugging purposes only; the
 daemon does not detach from the terminal or fork any children. Do <EM>NOT</EM>
 use this mode to provide ordinary web service.

 <DT><CODE>-v</CODE>
 <DD>Print the version of httpd and its build date, and then exit.

 <DT><A NAME="version"><CODE>-V</CODE></A>
 <DD>Print the base version of httpd, its
 build date, and a list of compile time settings which influence the
 behavior and performance of the apache server (<EM>e.g.</EM>,
 <SAMP>-DUSE_MMAP_FILES</SAMP>),
 then exit.

 <DT><A NAME="help"><CODE>-L</CODE></A>
 <DD>

 Give a list of directives together with expected arguments and places
 where the directive is valid, then exit.  (Apache 1.3.4 and
 later. Earlier versions used -l instead).


 <DT><CODE>-l</CODE></A>
 <DD>

 Give a list of all modules compiled into the server, then exit.
 (Apache 1.3.4 and later. Earlier versions used -h instead).<br>

 Give a list of directives together with expected arguments and places
 where the directive is valid, then exit. (Apache 1.2 to 1.3.3. Later
 versions use -L instead).


 <DT><CODE>-h</CODE>
 <DD>

 Print a list of the httpd options, then exit. (Apache 1.3.4 and
 later. Earlier versions used -? instead).<br>

 Give a list of all modules compiled into the server, then exit. (Up to
 Apache 1.3.3. Later versions use -l instead).<br>


 <DT><CODE>-S</CODE>
 <DD>Show the settings as parsed from the config file (currently only
 shows a breakdown of the vhost settings) but do not start the
 server. (Up to Apache 1.3.3, this option also started the server).

 <DT><CODE>-t</CODE>
 <DD>Test the configuration file syntax (<EM>i.e.</EM>, read all configuration files
 and interpret them) but do not start the server. If the configuration contains
 errors, display an error message and exit with a non-zero exit status,
 otherwise display "Syntax OK" and terminate with a zero exit status. This
 command checks to see if all DocumentRoot entries exist and are directories.
 For sites with many vhosts, this is expensive; consider the <CODE>-T</CODE>
 command instead.

 <DT><CODE>-T</CODE>
 <DD>Test the configuration file syntax (<EM>i.e.</EM>, read all configuration files
 and interpret them) but do not start the server. If the configuration contains
 errors, display an error message and exit with a non-zero exit status,
 otherwise display "Syntax OK" and terminate with a zero exit status. This
 command does not perform any checking of the DocumentRoot entries.

 <DT><CODE>-k</CODE> <EM>option</EM>
 <DD>Windows only: signal Apache to restart or shutdown. <EM>option</EM>
 is one of "shutdown" or "restart". (Apache 1.3.3 and later).

 <DT><CODE>-?</CODE>
 <DD>Print a list of the httpd options, and then exit (up to Apache
 1.3.3. Later version use -h instead).

 </DL>

 <!--#include virtual="footer.html" -->
 </BODY>
 </HTML>
	<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
	<HTML>
	<HEAD>
	<TITLE>Starting Apache</TITLE>
	</HEAD>

	<!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->
	<BODY
	BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
	TEXT="#000000"
	LINK="#0000FF"
	VLINK="#000080"
	ALINK="#FF0000"
	>
	<!--#include virtual="header.html" -->
	<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">Starting Apache</H1>

	<H2>Invoking Apache</H2>

	On Unix, the <CODE>httpd</CODE> program is usually run as a daemon
	which executes continuously, handling requests. It is possible to
	invoke Apache by the Internet daemon <CODE>inetd</CODE> each time a
	connection to the HTTP service is made (use the <A
	HREF="mod/core.html#servertype">ServerType</A> directive) but this is
	not recommended.

	<P>

	On Windows, Apache is normally run as a service on Windows NT, or as a
	console application on Windows 95. See also <A
	HREF="windows.html#run">running Apache for Windows</A>.

	<H2>Command line options</H2>
	The following options are recognized on the httpd command line:
	<DL>
	<DT><CODE>-d</CODE> <EM>serverroot</EM>
	<DD>Set the initial value for the
	<A HREF="mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</A> variable to
	<EM>serverroot</EM>. This can be overridden by the ServerRoot command
	in the configuration file. The default is
	<CODE>/usr/local/apache</CODE> on Unix, <CODE>/apache</CODE> on
	Windows and <CODE>/os2httpd</CODE> on OS/2.

	<DT><CODE>-D</CODE> <EM>name</EM>
	<DD>Define a name for use in in
	<A HREF="mod/core.html#ifdefine">IfDefine</A> directives.
	This option can be used to optionally enable certain functionality in the
	configuration file, or to use a common configuration for
	several independent hosts, where host specific information is enclosed in
	<IfDefine> sections.

	<DT><CODE>-f</CODE> <EM>config</EM>
	<DD>Execute the commands in the file <EM>config</EM> on startup. If
	<EM>config</EM> does not begin with a <CODE>/</CODE>, then it is taken to be a
	path relative to the <A HREF="mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</A>. The
	default is <CODE>conf/httpd.conf</CODE>.

	<DT><CODE>-C</CODE> <EM>"directive"</EM>
	<DD>Process the given apache "directive" (just as if it had been part of a
	configuration file) <STRONG>before</STRONG> actually reading the regular configuration files.

	<DT><CODE>-c</CODE> <EM>"directive"</EM>
	<DD>Process the given apache "directive" <STRONG>after</STRONG> reading
	all the regular configuration files.

	<DT><CODE>-X</CODE>
	<DD>Run in single-process mode, for internal debugging purposes only; the
	daemon does not detach from the terminal or fork any children. Do <EM>NOT</EM>
	use this mode to provide ordinary web service.

	<DT><CODE>-v</CODE>
	<DD>Print the version of httpd and its build date, and then exit.

	<DT><A NAME="version"><CODE>-V</CODE></A>
	<DD>Print the base version of httpd, its
	build date, and a list of compile time settings which influence the
	behavior and performance of the apache server (<EM>e.g.</EM>,
	<SAMP>-DUSE_MMAP_FILES</SAMP>),
	then exit.

	<DT><A NAME="help"><CODE>-L</CODE></A>
	<DD>

	Give a list of directives together with expected arguments and places
	where the directive is valid, then exit. (Apache 1.3.4 and
	later. Earlier versions used -l instead).


	<DT><CODE>-l</CODE></A>
	<DD>

	Give a list of all modules compiled into the server, then exit.
	(Apache 1.3.4 and later. Earlier versions used -h instead).<br>

	Give a list of directives together with expected arguments and places
	where the directive is valid, then exit. (Apache 1.2 to 1.3.3. Later
	versions use -L instead).



	<DT><CODE>-h</CODE>
	<DD>

	Print a list of the httpd options, then exit. (Apache 1.3.4 and
	later. Earlier versions used -? instead).<br>

	Give a list of all modules compiled into the server, then exit. (Up to
	Apache 1.3.3. Later versions use -l instead).<br>


	<DT><CODE>-S</CODE>
	<DD>Show the settings as parsed from the config file (currently only
	shows a breakdown of the vhost settings) but do not start the
	server. (Up to Apache 1.3.3, this option also started the server).

	<DT><CODE>-t</CODE>
	<DD>Test the configuration file syntax (<EM>i.e.</EM>, read all configuration files
	and interpret them) but do not start the server. If the configuration contains
	errors, display an error message and exit with a non-zero exit status,
	otherwise display "Syntax OK" and terminate with a zero exit status. This
	command checks to see if all DocumentRoot entries exist and are directories.
	For sites with many vhosts, this is expensive; consider the <CODE>-T</CODE>
	command instead.

	<DT><CODE>-T</CODE>
	<DD>Test the configuration file syntax (<EM>i.e.</EM>, read all configuration files
	and interpret them) but do not start the server. If the configuration contains
	errors, display an error message and exit with a non-zero exit status,
	otherwise display "Syntax OK" and terminate with a zero exit status. This
	command does not perform any checking of the DocumentRoot entries.

	<DT><CODE>-k</CODE> <EM>option</EM>
	<DD>Windows only: signal Apache to restart or shutdown. <EM>option</EM>
	is one of "shutdown" or "restart". (Apache 1.3.3 and later).

	<DT><CODE>-?</CODE>
	<DD>Print a list of the httpd options, and then exit (up to Apache
	1.3.3. Later version use -h instead).

	</DL>

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