/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.hadoop.examples;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.InputSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobClient;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapReduceBase;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MultiFileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MultiFileSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.OutputCollector;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.RecordReader;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reporter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.lib.LongSumReducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;


/**
 * MultiFileWordCount is an example to demonstrate the usage of 
 * MultiFileInputFormat. This examples counts the occurrences of
 * words in the text files under the given input directory.
 */
public class MultiFileWordCount extends Configured implements Tool {

  /**
   * This record keeps &lt;filename,offset&gt; pairs.
   */
  public static class WordOffset implements WritableComparable {

    private long offset;
    private String fileName;

    public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
      this.offset = in.readLong();
      this.fileName = Text.readString(in);
    }

    public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
      out.writeLong(offset);
      Text.writeString(out, fileName);
    }

    public int compareTo(Object o) {
      WordOffset that = (WordOffset)o;

      int f = this.fileName.compareTo(that.fileName);
      if(f == 0) {
        return (int)Math.signum((double)(this.offset - that.offset));
      }
      return f;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
      if(obj instanceof WordOffset)
        return this.compareTo(obj) == 0;
      return false;
    }
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
      assert false : "hashCode not designed";
      return 42; //an arbitrary constant
    }
  }


  /**
   * To use {@link MultiFileInputFormat}, one should extend it, to return a 
   * (custom) {@link RecordReader}. MultiFileInputFormat uses 
   * {@link MultiFileSplit}s. 
   */
  public static class MyInputFormat 
    extends MultiFileInputFormat<WordOffset, Text>  {

    @Override
    public RecordReader<WordOffset,Text> getRecordReader(InputSplit split
        , JobConf job, Reporter reporter) throws IOException {
      return new MultiFileLineRecordReader(job, (MultiFileSplit)split);
    }
  }

  /**
   * RecordReader is responsible from extracting records from the InputSplit. 
   * This record reader accepts a {@link MultiFileSplit}, which encapsulates several 
   * files, and no file is divided.
   */
  public static class MultiFileLineRecordReader 
    implements RecordReader<WordOffset, Text> {

    private MultiFileSplit split;
    private long offset; //total offset read so far;
    private long totLength;
    private FileSystem fs;
    private int count = 0;
    private Path[] paths;
    
    private FSDataInputStream currentStream;
    private BufferedReader currentReader;
    
    public MultiFileLineRecordReader(Configuration conf, MultiFileSplit split)
      throws IOException {
      
      this.split = split;
      fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
      this.paths = split.getPaths();
      this.totLength = split.getLength();
      this.offset = 0;
      
      //open the first file
      Path file = paths[count];
      currentStream = fs.open(file);
      currentReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(currentStream));
    }

    public void close() throws IOException { }

    public long getPos() throws IOException {
      long currentOffset = currentStream == null ? 0 : currentStream.getPos();
      return offset + currentOffset;
    }

    public float getProgress() throws IOException {
      return ((float)getPos()) / totLength;
    }

    public boolean next(WordOffset key, Text value) throws IOException {
      if(count >= split.getNumPaths())
        return false;

      /* Read from file, fill in key and value, if we reach the end of file,
       * then open the next file and continue from there until all files are
       * consumed.  
       */
      String line;
      do {
        line = currentReader.readLine();
        if(line == null) {
          //close the file
          currentReader.close();
          offset += split.getLength(count);
          
          if(++count >= split.getNumPaths()) //if we are done
            return false;
          
          //open a new file
          Path file = paths[count];
          currentStream = fs.open(file);
          currentReader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(currentStream));
          key.fileName = file.getName();
        }
      } while(line == null);
      //update the key and value
      key.offset = currentStream.getPos();
      value.set(line);
      
      return true;
    }

    public WordOffset createKey() {
      WordOffset wo = new WordOffset();
      wo.fileName = paths[0].toString(); //set as the first file
      return wo;
    }

    public Text createValue() {
      return new Text();
    }
  }

  /**
   * This Mapper is similar to the one in {@link WordCount.MapClass}.
   */
  public static class MapClass extends MapReduceBase
    implements Mapper<WordOffset, Text, Text, IntWritable> {

    private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
    private Text word = new Text();
    
    public void map(WordOffset key, Text value,
        OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output, Reporter reporter)
        throws IOException {
      
      String line = value.toString();
      StringTokenizer itr = new StringTokenizer(line);
      while (itr.hasMoreTokens()) {
        word.set(itr.nextToken());
        output.collect(word, one);
      }
    }
  }
  
  
  private void printUsage() {
    System.out.println("Usage : multifilewc <input_dir> <output>" );
  }

  public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {

    if(args.length < 2) {
      printUsage();
      return 1;
    }

    JobConf job = new JobConf(getConf(), MultiFileWordCount.class);
    job.setJobName("MultiFileWordCount");

    //set the InputFormat of the job to our InputFormat
    job.setInputFormat(MyInputFormat.class);
    
    // the keys are words (strings)
    job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
    // the values are counts (ints)
    job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);

    //use the defined mapper
    job.setMapperClass(MapClass.class);
    //use the WordCount Reducer
    job.setCombinerClass(LongSumReducer.class);
    job.setReducerClass(LongSumReducer.class);

    FileInputFormat.addInputPaths(job, args[0]);
    FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));

    JobClient.runJob(job);
    
    return 0;
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    int ret = ToolRunner.run(new MultiFileWordCount(), args);
    System.exit(ret);
  }

}