/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.hadoop.fs;

import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceStability;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

/**
 * Interface for class that can tell estimate much space
 * is used in a directory.
 * <p>
 * The implementor is fee to cache space used. As such there
 * are methods to update the cached value with any known changes.
 */
@InterfaceAudience.LimitedPrivate({"HDFS", "MapReduce"})
@InterfaceStability.Evolving
public abstract class CachingGetSpaceUsed implements Closeable, GetSpaceUsed {
  static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CachingGetSpaceUsed.class);

  protected final AtomicLong used = new AtomicLong();
  private final AtomicBoolean running = new AtomicBoolean(true);
  private final long refreshInterval;
  private final long jitter;
  private final String dirPath;
  private Thread refreshUsed;
  private boolean shouldFirstRefresh;

  /**
   * This is the constructor used by the builder.
   * All overriding classes should implement this.
   */
  public CachingGetSpaceUsed(CachingGetSpaceUsed.Builder builder)
      throws IOException {
    this(builder.getPath(),
        builder.getInterval(),
        builder.getJitter(),
        builder.getInitialUsed());
  }

  /**
   * Keeps track of disk usage.
   *
   * @param path        the path to check disk usage in
   * @param interval    refresh the disk usage at this interval
   * @param jitter      randomize the refresh interval timing by this amount;
   *                    the actual interval will be chosen uniformly between
   *                    {@code interval-jitter} and {@code interval+jitter}
   * @param initialUsed use this value until next refresh
   * @throws IOException if we fail to refresh the disk usage
   */
  CachingGetSpaceUsed(File path,
                      long interval,
                      long jitter,
                      long initialUsed) throws IOException {
    this.dirPath = path.getCanonicalPath();
    this.refreshInterval = interval;
    this.jitter = jitter;
    this.used.set(initialUsed);
    this.shouldFirstRefresh = true;
  }

  void init() {
    if (used.get() < 0) {
      used.set(0);
      if (!shouldFirstRefresh) {
        // Skip initial refresh operation, so we need to do first refresh
        // operation immediately in refresh thread.
        initRefeshThread(true);
        return;
      }
      refresh();
    }
    initRefeshThread(false);
  }

  /**
   * RunImmediately should set true, if we skip the first refresh.
   * @param runImmediately The param default should be false.
   */
  private void initRefeshThread (boolean runImmediately) {
    if (refreshInterval > 0) {
      refreshUsed = new Thread(new RefreshThread(this, runImmediately),
          "refreshUsed-" + dirPath);
      refreshUsed.setDaemon(true);
      refreshUsed.start();
    } else {
      running.set(false);
      refreshUsed = null;
    }
  }

  protected abstract void refresh();

  /**
   * Reset that if we need to do the first refresh.
   * @param shouldFirstRefresh The flag value to set.
   */
  protected void setShouldFirstRefresh(boolean shouldFirstRefresh) {
    this.shouldFirstRefresh = shouldFirstRefresh;
  }

  /**
   * @return an estimate of space used in the directory path.
   */
  @Override public long getUsed() throws IOException {
    return Math.max(used.get(), 0);
  }

  /**
   * @return The directory path being monitored.
   */
  public String getDirPath() {
    return dirPath;
  }

  /**
   * Increment the cached value of used space.
   */
  public void incDfsUsed(long value) {
    used.addAndGet(value);
  }

  /**
   * Is the background thread running.
   */
  boolean running() {
    return running.get();
  }

  /**
   * How long in between runs of the background refresh.
   */
  long getRefreshInterval() {
    return refreshInterval;
  }

  /**
   * Reset the current used data amount. This should be called
   * when the cached value is re-computed.
   *
   * @param usedValue new value that should be the disk usage.
   */
  protected void setUsed(long usedValue) {
    this.used.set(usedValue);
  }

  @Override
  public void close() throws IOException {
    running.set(false);
    if (refreshUsed != null) {
      refreshUsed.interrupt();
    }
  }

  private static final class RefreshThread implements Runnable {

    final CachingGetSpaceUsed spaceUsed;
    private boolean runImmediately;

    RefreshThread(CachingGetSpaceUsed spaceUsed, boolean runImmediately) {
      this.spaceUsed = spaceUsed;
      this.runImmediately = runImmediately;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
      while (spaceUsed.running()) {
        try {
          long refreshInterval = spaceUsed.refreshInterval;

          if (spaceUsed.jitter > 0) {
            long jitter = spaceUsed.jitter;
            // add/subtract the jitter.
            refreshInterval +=
                ThreadLocalRandom.current()
                                 .nextLong(-jitter, jitter);
          }
          // Make sure that after the jitter we didn't end up at 0.
          refreshInterval = Math.max(refreshInterval, 1);
          if (!runImmediately) {
            Thread.sleep(refreshInterval);
          }
          runImmediately = false;
          // update the used variable
          spaceUsed.refresh();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
          LOG.warn("Thread Interrupted waiting to refresh disk information: "
              + e.getMessage());
          Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
      }
    }
  }
}