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href="https://echarts.apache.org/next/examples/zh/index.html">实例</a></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"><li id="nav-homeen"><a href="javascript:;" onclick="changeLang('en')">EN</a></li><li id="nav-apache"><a href="https://www.apache.org/" target="_blank"><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/apache/echarts-website@asf-site/zh/images/asf_logo_white.png?_v_=20200710_1"></a></li></ul></div></div></nav><div class="page-main"><div class="page-info"><h1>代码规范</h1><p>如果你想要为 ECharts 贡献代码，请遵从以下代码规范。</p><p class="page-info-echarts">Apache ECharts<sup>TM</sup></p></div><div class="page-content single-page"><div class="page-nav"><ul id="standard-nav"></ul></div><div class="page-detail"><h2 id="代码规范">代码规范</h2>
<h3 id="源文件">源文件</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> JavaScript源文件必须以无BOM的UTF-8编码。</p>
<h3 id="缩进">缩进</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 必须采用4个空格缩进，不允许以Tab制表符或2个空格代替。</p>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> <code>switch</code> 中的 <code>case</code> 和 <code>default</code> 必须保持缩进。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
switch (variable) {
    case &#39;1&#39;:
        // do...
        break;
    case &#39;2&#39;:
        // do...
        break;
    default:
        // do...
}

// 反例
switch (variable) {
case &#39;1&#39;:
    // do...
    break;
case &#39;2&#39;:
    // do...
    break;
default:
    // do...
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="空格">空格</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 二元运算符两个操作数之间必须使用空格，但一元运算符与其操作数间不能有空格。 </p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">var a = !arr.length;
a++;
a = b + c;
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 在 <code>{</code> 前必须有1个空格。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例

if (condition) {
}

set(&#39;attr&#39;, {
    some: &#39;xxx&#39;,
    any: &#39;yyy&#39;
});

function funcName() {
}


// 反例

if (condition){
}

set(&#39;attr&#39;,{
    some: &#39;xxx&#39;,
    any: &#39;yyy&#39;
});

function funcName(){
}
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> <code>if</code> / <code>else</code> / <code>for</code> / <code>while</code> / <code>function</code> / <code>switch</code> / <code>do</code> / <code>try</code> / <code>catch</code> / <code>finally</code> 等关键字与括号之间都必须加一个空格。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例

if (condition) {
}

while (condition) {
}

(function () {
})();


// 反例

if(condition) {
}

while(condition) {
}

(function() {
})();
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 在创建对象的语句中，<code>:</code> 后必须加一个空格，<code>:</code> 前不能有空格。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
var obj = {
    a: 1,
    b: 2,
    c: 3
};

// 反例
var obj = {
    a : 1,
    b:2,
    c :3
};
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 在函数声明、命名函数表达式和函数调用时，函数名称和 <code>(</code> 间不能有空格。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例

function funcName() {
}

var funcName = function funcName() {
};

funcName();


// 反例

function funcName () {
}

var funcName = function funcName () {
};

funcName ();
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> <code>,</code> 和 <code>;</code> 前不能有空格。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
callFunc(a, b);

// 反例
callFunc(a , b) ;
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> <code>(</code> 和 <code>[</code> 之后、 <code>)</code> 和 <code>]</code> 之前不能有空格。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例

callFunc(param1, param2, param3);

save(this.list[this.indexes[i]]);

needIncream &amp;&amp; (variable += increament);

if (num &gt; list.length) {
}

while (len--) {
}


// 反例

callFunc( param1, param2, param3 );

save( this.list[ this.indexes[ i ] ] );

needIncreament &amp;&amp; ( variable += increament );

if ( num &gt; list.length ) {
}

while ( len-- ) {
}


// 正例
var arr1 = [];
var arr2 = [1, 2, 3];
var obj1 = {};
var obj2 = {name: &#39;obj&#39;};
var obj3 = {
    name: &#39;obj&#39;,
    age: 20,
    sex: 1
};

// 反例
var arr1 = [ ];
var arr2 = [ 1, 2, 3 ];
var obj1 = { };
var obj2 = { name: &#39;obj&#39; };
var obj3 = {name: &#39;obj&#39;, age: 20, sex: 1};
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 每行代码后不能有尾随空格。</p>
<h3 id="换行">换行</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 必须在语句的结尾换行。</p>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 单行字符数不能超过120个，超出则需要换行。</p>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 如果需要换行，运算符必须放在新行的开头。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
if (user.isAuthenticated()
    &amp;&amp; user.isInRole(&#39;admin&#39;)
    &amp;&amp; user.hasAuthority(&#39;add-admin&#39;)
    || user.hasAuthority(&#39;delete-admin&#39;)
) {
    // Code
}

var result = number1 + number2 + number3
    + number4 + number5;


// 反例
if (user.isAuthenticated() &amp;&amp;
    user.isInRole(&#39;admin&#39;) &amp;&amp;
    user.hasAuthority(&#39;add-admin&#39;) ||
    user.hasAuthority(&#39;delete-admin&#39;)) {
    // Code
}

var result = number1 + number2 + number3 +
    number4 + number5;
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 如果括号中的内容有多行，必须为 <code>)</code>、 <code>]</code>、 <code>}</code> 另开一个新行，并使新行与 <code>(</code>、 <code>[</code>、 <code>{</code> 所在行的缩进相对应。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
if (product) {
    product.load();
    if (user.isAuthenticated()
        &amp;&amp; user.isInRole(&#39;admin&#39;)
        &amp;&amp; user.hasAuthority(&#39;add-admin&#39;)
    ) {
        sendProduct(user, product);
    }
}
var arr = [
    &#39;candy&#39;, &#39;sugar&#39;
];

// 反例
if (product) {
    product.load();
    if (user.isAuthenticated()
        &amp;&amp; user.isInRole(&#39;admin&#39;)
        &amp;&amp; user.hasAuthority(&#39;add-admin&#39;)) {
        sendProduct(user, product);
    }
}
var arr = [
        &#39;candy&#39;, &#39;sugar&#39;
    ];
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> <code>,</code> 或 <code>;</code> 前不能有换行。 </p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
var obj = {
    a: 1,
    b: 2,
    c: 3
};

foo(
    aVeryVeryLongArgument,
    anotherVeryLongArgument,
    callback
);


// 反例
var obj = {
    a: 1
    , b: 2
    , c: 3
};

foo(
    aVeryVeryLongArgument
    , anotherVeryLongArgument
    , callback
);
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[推荐]</strong> 建议换行和缩进遵循如下风格：</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">if (user.isAuthenticated()
    &amp;&amp; user.isInRole(&#39;admin&#39;)
    &amp;&amp; user.hasAuthority(&#39;add-admin&#39;)
) {
    // Code
}

foo(
    aVeryVeryLongArgument,
    anotherVeryLongArgument,
    callback
);

baidu.format(
    dateFormatTemplate,
    year, month, date, hour, minute, second
);

$(&#39;#items&#39;)
    .find(&#39;.selected&#39;)
    .highlight()
    .end();

var result = thisIsAVeryVeryLongCondition
    ? resultA : resultB;

var result = condition
    ? thisIsAVeryVeryLongResult
    : resultB;
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 如果使用多行代码块，<code>else</code> 和 <code>catch</code> 必须另开一个新行。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例

if (condition) {
    // some statements;
}
else {
    // some statements;
}

try {
    // some statements;
}
catch (ex) {
    // some statements;
}


// 反例

if (condition) {
    // some statements;
} else {
    // some statements;
}

try {
    // some statements;
} catch (ex) {
    // some statements;
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="语句">语句</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 语句必须以 <code>;</code> 结尾。</p>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 如果只有一行，<code>{}</code> 不能被省略。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
if (condition) {
    callFunc();
}

// 反例
if (condition) callFunc();
if (condition)
    callFunc();
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 函数定义的末尾不能有分号 <code>;</code>。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
function funcName() {
}

// 反例
function funcName() {
};

// 对于函数表达式，不能忽略分号
var funcName = function () {
};
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 对象和数组的声明中不能有尾随逗号。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例

var obj = {
    attr1: &#39;xxx&#39;,
    attr2: &#39;yyy&#39;
};

var arr = [
    &#39;xxx&#39;,
    &#39;yyy&#39;
];


// 反例

var obj = {
    attr1: &#39;xxx&#39;,
    attr2: &#39;yyy&#39;,
};

var arr = [
    &#39;xxx&#39;,
    &#39;yyy&#39;,
];
</code></pre>
<h3 id="命名规约">命名规约</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 变量名、属性名及函数名的命名必须遵循 lowerCamelCase（小骆驼拼写法）。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">var loadingModules = {};
function loadProduct() {
}
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> class类的命名必须遵循 UpperCamelCase (Pascal)，即大骆驼拼写法（帕斯卡拼写法）。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">function Element(options) {
}
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[推荐]</strong> 缩略词的所有字符应当一并大写或一并小写。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">function parseSVG() {
}
var svgParser;
</code></pre>
<h2 id="语法特性">语法特性</h2>
<h3 id="兼容性">兼容性</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> ECharts的JavaScript源代码应基于 <code>ECMAScript Language Specification Edition 3 (ES3)</code>，不能使用ES3不支持的语法特性（即不能使用ES5、ES6或更高版本的语法特性）。</p>
<p>但允许使用ES Module。</p>
<p>语法特性可以通过一些工具方法进行弥补，但不能通过修改内置JavaScript对象的原型来实现。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例

import * as zrUtil from &#39;zrender/src/core/util&#39;;

zrUtil.each(array, function (val, index) {
    sum += val;
});

var result = zrUtil.map(array, function (val) {
    return parse(val);
});

var pos = zrUtil.indexOf(array, val);

var obj2 = zrUtil.extend({}, obj1);

function Element() {
    // ...
}


// 反例

array.forEach(function (val, index) {
    sum += val;
});

let result = array.map(function (val) {
    return parse(val);
});

const pos = array.indexOf(val);

var obj2 = Object.assign({}, obj1);

class Element {
    // ...
}

String.prototype.trim = function () {
};
</code></pre>
<h3 id="变量">变量</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 变量必须用 <code>var</code> 声明，且一个 <code>var</code> 不能同时声明多个变量。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
var name = &#39;MyName&#39;;
var hangModules = [];
var missModules = [];
var visited = {};

// 反例
name = &#39;MyName&#39;;
var hangModules = [],
    missModules = [],
    visited = {};
</code></pre>
<h3 id="条件判断">条件判断</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 对于相等运算符，<code>==</code> 只能用于检查是否为 <code>null</code> 或者 <code>undefined</code>，其余情况必须使用 <code>===</code>。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
if (age === 30) {
    // ...
}
if (type == null) {
    // ...
}

// 反例
if (age == 30) {
    // ......
}
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[推荐]</strong> 建议使用 <code>xxx == null</code> 来判断 <code>null</code> 或 <code>undefined</code>。</p>
<p><strong>[推荐]</strong> 尽量让 <code>null</code> 和 <code>undefined</code> 的含义相同。也就是说，不要让用户或开发者去区分变量是 <code>null</code> 还是 <code>undefined</code>。</p>
<p><strong>[推荐]</strong> 函数表达式或者函数声明不应该放在循环体中。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
function clicker() {
    // ......
}

for (var i = 0, len = elements.length; i &lt; len; i++) {
    var element = elements[i];
    addListener(element, &#39;click&#39;, clicker);
}


// 反例
for (var i = 0, len = elements.length; i &lt; len; i++) {
    var element = elements[i];
    addListener(element, &#39;click&#39;, function () {});
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="类型转换">类型转换</h3>
<p><strong>[推荐]</strong> 建议使用 <code>+ &#39;&#39;</code> 将值转为字符串。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
num + &#39;&#39;;

// 反例
new String(num);
num.toString();
String(num);
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[推荐]</strong> 建议使用 <code>+</code> 将值转为数值。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
+str;

// 反例
Number(str);
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 在使用 <code>parseInt</code> 时，必须传入第二个参数。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
parseInt(str, 10);

// 反例
parseInt(str);
</code></pre>
<h3 id="字符串-对象-数组">字符串，对象，数组</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 必须使用 <code>&#39;</code> 而不是 <code>&quot;</code> 定义字符串。</p>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 必须使用对象字面量 <code>{}</code> 来创建简单对象。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
var obj = {};

// 反例
var obj = new Object();
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 如果一个对象字面量的所有属性都不需要引号，引号必须省略。如果需要加引号，须使用 <code>&#39;</code> 而不是 <code>&quot;</code>。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
var info = {
    name: &#39;someone&#39;,
    age: 28
};

// 反例
var info = {
    &#39;name&#39;: &#39;someone&#39;,
    &#39;age&#39;: 28
};
var info2 = {
    &quot;age&quot;: 40
};
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 禁止修改内置对象的原型。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 禁止
String.prototype.trim = function () {
};
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[推荐]</strong> 尽可能使用 <code>.</code> 而不是 <code>[]</code> 访问对象的属性。</p>
<p><strong>[推荐]</strong> 使用 <code>for ... in ...</code> 时，应当注意使用 <code>hasOwnProperty</code> 以防 <code>Object</code> 的原型在某些运行时环境中被添加一些额外属性的情况。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">var newInfo = {};
for (var key in info) {
    if (info.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
        newInfo[key] = info[key];
    }
}
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 除非需要创建指定长度的数组，否则必须使用数组字面量 <code>[]</code> 创建数组。</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">// 正例
var arr = [];
var arr2 = new Array(1e4);

// 反例
var arr = new Array();
</code></pre>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 不要使用 <code>for in</code> 语句对数组进行遍历。</p>
<h3 id="其他">其他</h3>
<p><strong>[强制]</strong> 不要使用 <code>eval</code> 和 <code>with</code>。允许使用<code>new Function</code>。</p>
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