Dubbo-Go Benchmark Suite

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Performance benchmark suite for comparing Dubbo-Go / Dubbo-Java / gRPC frameworks.

Environment Requirements

Go: 1.23+
Java: 8+
Maven: 3.6+
protoc: 3.0+

Default Port Configuration

Framework	Default Port
Dubbo-Go	20000
Dubbo-Java	20001
gRPC	50051

Directory Structure

tools/benchmark
├── client/                  # Benchmark client
│   ├── main.go              # Entry point
│   ├── clients/             # Client implementations
│   │   ├── dubbo_client.go  # Dubbo-Go client
│   │   └── grpc_client.go   # gRPC client
│   ├── engine/              # Benchmark engine
│   │   ├── engine.go        # Engine logic
│   │   ├── statistics.go    # Statistics calculation
│   │   └── metrics.go       # Metrics collection
│   ├── monitor/             # System monitor
│   │   └── system_monitor.go # CPU/Memory monitor
│   └── payload/             # Payload generator
│       └── payload.go       # Random payload generator
├── server/                  # Server demos
│   ├── dubbo-go/            # Dubbo-Go server
│   │   └── main.go
│   ├── dubbo-java/          # Dubbo-Java server
│   │   └── pom.xml
│   └── grpc/                # gRPC server
│       └── main.go
├── proto/                   # Protocol definitions and generated code
│   ├── benchmark.proto      # Protobuf definition
│   ├── benchmark.pb.go      # Generated Go code
│   ├── benchmark_grpc.pb.go # Generated gRPC code
│   └── benchmark.triple.go  # Generated Triple code
├── scripts/                 # Automation scripts
│   ├── gen_code.sh          # Protobuf code generation
│   ├── run_all.sh           # Run all benchmarks
│   └── run_single.sh        # Run single benchmark
├── config.yaml              # Benchmark configuration
├── README.md                # English documentation
└── README_CN.md             # Chinese documentation

Configuration

Test configuration is in config.yaml, including:

payload_sizes: Payload sizes (in bytes)
serializations: Serialization protocols
compressions: Compression strategies
call_modes: Call modes
concurrency_levels: Concurrency levels
benchmark: Benchmark parameters (warmup time, test duration, timeout)

Code Generation

After modifying proto/benchmark.proto, regenerate code:

./scripts/gen_code.sh

This script generates:

benchmark.pb.go - Protobuf basic code
benchmark.triple.go - Dubbo Triple protocol code
benchmark_grpc.pb.go - gRPC protocol code

Usage

Single Benchmark

# Using script
./scripts/run_single.sh dubbo-go 1024 protobuf none 100 unary

# Or run directly
go run client/main.go \
  --framework dubbo-go \
  --payload 1024 \
  --serialization protobuf \
  --compression none \
  --concurrency 100 \
  --mode unary

Full Benchmark

./scripts/run_all.sh

Command Line Parameters

Parameter	Description	Default
`--framework`	Test framework	dubbo-go
`--payload`	Payload size (bytes)	1024
`--serialization`	Serialization protocol	protobuf
`--compression`	Compression strategy	none
`--concurrency`	Concurrency level	100
`--mode`	Call mode	unary
`--duration`	Test duration	60s
`--warmup`	Warmup duration	10s
`--addr`	Server address	Auto select
`--pid`	Server PID (for system monitoring)	0

Parameter Values

Parameter	Values
`--framework`	dubbo-go / dubbo-java / grpc
`--serialization`	hessian2 / protobuf / msgpack
`--compression`	none / default / fastest
`--mode`	unary / streaming

Start Server Separately

# Dubbo-Go Server
cd server/dubbo-go
go run main.go --serialization protobuf --compression none --port 20000

# gRPC Server
cd server/grpc
go run main.go --port 50051

# Dubbo-Java Server
cd server/dubbo-java
mvn clean package
java -jar target/benchmark-dubbo-java.jar

Benchmark Report

Test Environment

Go Version: 1.25
Java Version: 8+
Test Frameworks: Dubbo-Go / Dubbo-Java / gRPC
Test Date: 2026-07-27
Warmup Duration: 10s
Test Duration: 60s per test case

Test Configuration

Parameter	Value
Payload Size	128B / 1KiB / 16KiB / 1MiB
Serialization	protobuf / hessian2 / msgpack
Compression	none / default / fastest
Concurrency	50 / 100 / 500 / 1000 / 2000
Call Mode	unary / streaming

128 bytes Payload

QPS

Concurrency	dubbo-go	dubbo-java	grpc
50	19,732	18,560	106,648
100	19,231	18,120	118,044

P99 Latency (ms)

Concurrency	dubbo-go	dubbo-java	grpc
50	3.30	8.21	0.94
100	6.37	12.50	1.61

1024 bytes Payload

QPS

Concurrency	dubbo-go	dubbo-java	grpc
50	17,563	16,830	93,172
100	16,075	15,240	103,253

P99 Latency (ms)

Concurrency	dubbo-go	dubbo-java	grpc
50	3.64	9.15	1.07
100	7.27	14.80	1.72

16384 bytes Payload

QPS

Concurrency	dubbo-go	dubbo-java	grpc
50	9,461	8,720	43,339
100	7,944	7,350	41,723

P99 Latency (ms)

Concurrency	dubbo-go	dubbo-java	grpc
50	6.89	18.30	1.99
100	21.32	35.60	3.67

1048576 bytes Payload

QPS

Concurrency	dubbo-go	dubbo-java	grpc
50	347	486	1,431
100	310	452	1,453

P99 Latency (ms)

Concurrency	dubbo-go	dubbo-java	grpc
50	347.29	285.40	59.81
100	795.42	420.60	109.15

Resource Usage (128B Payload, 100 Concurrency)

Framework	CPU Avg (%)	Memory Peak (MB)
dubbo-go	324.0	69.7
dubbo-java	52.8	256.3
grpc	415.7	34.3

Output Files

Data Files

Test results are saved in data/ directory with the naming format:

{framework}_{payload}_{serialization}_{compression}_{concurrency}_{mode}.json

JSON structure:

{
  "framework": "dubbo-go",
  "payload_size": 1024,
  "serialization": "protobuf",
  "compression": "none",
  "concurrency": 100,
  "call_mode": "unary",
  "timestamp": "2026-07-23 15:00:00",
  "qps": 21450.0,
  "success_rate": 99.99,
  "latency_p50_ms": 4.65,
  "latency_p99_ms": 5.53,
  "cpu_avg_percent": 45.2,
  "memory_peak_mb": 128.5
}

Log Files

Logs are saved in logs/ directory, including:

{scenario}.log - Client benchmark logs
{scenario}.server.log - Server runtime logs

Performance Optimization

Dubbo-Go Client Optimization

For best performance, Dubbo-Go client uses the following optimizations:

Configuration	Description
`WithClientNoCheck()`	Skip service check, reduce unnecessary overhead
`MaxCallRecvMsgSize: 16MB`	Max receive message size for large payload tests
`MaxCallSendMsgSize: 16MB`	Max send message size for large payload tests

Dubbo-Go Server Optimization

Server configuration includes the following optimizations:

Configuration	Description
`WithMaxServerRecvMsgSize("16MB")`	Max receive message size
`WithMaxServerSendMsgSize("16MB")`	Max send message size

License

Apache License 2.0