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| <h1>Understanding Druid Real-time Ingestion</h1> |
| <p class="text-muted">by <span class="author text-uppercase">Russell Jurney</span> · August 30, 2013</p> |
| |
| <p>In our last post, we got a realtime node working with example Twitter data. Now it's time to load our own data to see how Druid performs. Druid can ingest data in three ways: via Kafka and a realtime node, via the indexing service, and via the Hadoop batch loader. Data is ingested in realtime using a <a href="https://github.com/metamx/druid/wiki/Firehose">Firehose</a>. In this post we'll outline how to ingest data from Kafka in realtime using the Kafka Firehose.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="about-druid">About Druid</h2> |
| |
| <p>Druid is a rockin' exploratory analytical data store capable of offering interactive query of big data in realtime - as data is ingested. Druid drives 10's of billions of events per day for the <a href="http://www.metamarkets.com">Metamarkets</a> platform, and Metamarkets is committed to building Druid in open source.</p> |
| |
| <p>To learn more check out the first blog in this series <a href="/blog/2013/08/06/twitter-tutorial.html">Understanding Druid Via Twitter Data</a></p> |
| |
| <p>Checkout Druid at XLDB on Sept 9th <a href="https://conf-slac.stanford.edu/xldb-2013/tutorials#amC">XLDB</a></p> |
| |
| <p>Druid is available <a href="https://github.com/metamx/druid">here</a>.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="create-config-directories">Create Config Directories</h2> |
| |
| <p>Each type of node needs its own config file and directory, so create these subdirectories under the druid directory.</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>mkdir config |
| mkdir config/realtime |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <h2 id="loading-data-with-kafka">Loading Data with Kafka</h2> |
| |
| <p><a href="https://github.com/metamx/druid/blob/master/realtime/src/main/java/com/metamx/druid/realtime/firehose/KafkaFirehoseFactory.java">KafkaFirehoseFactory</a> is how druid communicates with Kafka. Using this Firehose with the right configuration, we can import data into Druid in realtime without writing any code. To load data to a realtime node via Kafka, we'll first need to initialize Zookeeper and Kafka, and then configure and initialize a Realtime node.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="booting-kafka">Booting Kafka</h3> |
| |
| <p>Instructions for booting a Zookeeper and then Kafka cluster are available <a href="http://kafka.apache.org/07/quickstart.html">here</a>.</p> |
| |
| <p><strong>Download Apache Kafka</strong> 0.7.2 from <a href="http://static.druid.io/artifacts/kafka-0.7.2-incubating-bin.tar.gz">http://static.druid.io/artifacts/kafka-0.7.2-incubating-bin.tar.gz</a></p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>wget http://static.druid.io/artifacts/kafka-0.7.2-incubating-bin.tar.gz |
| tar -xvzf kafka-0.7.2-incubating-bin.tar.gz |
| cd kafka-0.7.2-incubating-bin |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p><strong>Boot Zookeeper and Kafka</strong></p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>cat config/zookeeper.properties |
| bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/zookeeper.properties |
| # in a new console |
| bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p><strong>Launch Kafka</strong></p> |
| |
| <p>In a new console, launch the kafka console producer (so you can type in JSON kafka messages in a bit)</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic druidtest |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <h3 id="launching-a-realtime-node">Launching a Realtime Node</h3> |
| |
| <p><strong>Download Druid</strong></p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>wget http://static.druid.io/artifacts/releases/druid-services-0.5.50-bin.tar.gz |
| tar -xvzf druid-services-0.5.50-bin.tar.gz |
| cd druid-services-0.5.50-bin |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p><strong>Create a valid configuration file</strong> similar to this called config/realtime/runtime.properties:</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>druid.host=127.0.0.1 |
| druid.port=8083 |
| |
| com.metamx.emitter.logging=true |
| |
| druid.processing.formatString=processing_%s |
| druid.processing.numThreads=1 |
| druid.processing.buffer.sizeBytes=10000000 |
| |
| druid.service=example |
| |
| druid.request.logging.dir=/tmp/example/log |
| druid.realtime.specFile=realtime.spec |
| com.metamx.emitter.logging=true |
| com.metamx.emitter.logging.level=info |
| |
| com.metamx.aws.accessKey=dummy_access_key |
| com.metamx.aws.secretKey=dummy_secret_key |
| druid.pusher.s3.bucket=dummy_s3_bucket |
| |
| druid.zk.service.host=localhost |
| druid.server.maxSize=300000000000 |
| druid.zk.paths.base=/druid |
| druid.database.segmentTable=prod_segments |
| druid.database.user=user |
| druid.database.password=diurd |
| druid.database.connectURI= |
| druid.host=127.0.0.1:8083 |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p><strong>Create a valid realtime configuration file</strong> similar to this called realtime.spec in the current directory:</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>[{ |
| "schema" : { "dataSource":"druidtest", |
| "aggregators":[ {"type":"count", "name":"impressions"}, |
| {"type":"doubleSum","name":"wp","fieldName":"wp"}], |
| "indexGranularity":"minute", |
| "shardSpec" : { "type": "none" } }, |
| "config" : { "maxRowsInMemory" : 500000, |
| "intermediatePersistPeriod" : "PT10m" }, |
| "firehose" : { "type" : "kafka-0.7.2", |
| "consumerProps" : { "zk.connect" : "localhost:2181", |
| "zk.connectiontimeout.ms" : "15000", |
| "zk.sessiontimeout.ms" : "15000", |
| "zk.synctime.ms" : "5000", |
| "groupid" : "topic-pixel-local", |
| "fetch.size" : "1048586", |
| "autooffset.reset" : "largest", |
| "autocommit.enable" : "false" }, |
| "feed" : "druidtest", |
| "parser" : { "timestampSpec" : { "column" : "utcdt", "format" : "iso" }, |
| "data" : { "format" : "json" }, |
| "dimensionExclusions" : ["wp"] } }, |
| "plumber" : { "type" : "realtime", |
| "windowPeriod" : "PT10m", |
| "segmentGranularity":"hour", |
| "basePersistDirectory" : "/tmp/realtime/basePersist", |
| "rejectionPolicy": {"type": "messageTime"} } |
| }] |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p><strong>Launch the realtime node</strong></p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>java -Xmx256m -Duser.timezone=UTC -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 \ |
| -Ddruid.realtime.specFile=realtime.spec \ |
| -classpath services/target/druid-services-0.5.6-SNAPSHOT-selfcontained.jar:config/realtime \ |
| com.metamx.druid.realtime.RealtimeMain |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p><strong>Paste data into the Kafka console producer</strong></p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>{"utcdt": "2010-01-01T01:01:01", "wp": 1000, "gender": "male", "age": 100} |
| {"utcdt": "2010-01-01T01:01:02", "wp": 2000, "gender": "female", "age": 50} |
| {"utcdt": "2010-01-01T01:01:03", "wp": 3000, "gender": "male", "age": 20} |
| {"utcdt": "2010-01-01T01:01:04", "wp": 4000, "gender": "female", "age": 30} |
| {"utcdt": "2010-01-01T01:01:05", "wp": 5000, "gender": "male", "age": 40} |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p><strong>Watch the events as they are ingested</strong> in the Druid realtime node console</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>... |
| 2013-06-17 21:41:55,569 INFO [Global--0] com.metamx.emitter.core.LoggingEmitter - Event [{"feed":"metrics","timestamp":"2013-06-17T21:41:55.569Z","service":"example","host":"127.0.0.1","metric":"events/processed","value":5,"user2":"druidtest"}] |
| ... |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p><strong>Create a query</strong> |
| In a new console, edit a file called query.body:</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>{ |
| "queryType": "groupBy", |
| "dataSource": "druidtest", |
| "granularity": "all", |
| "dimensions": [], |
| "aggregations": [ |
| { "type": "count", "name": "rows" }, |
| {"type": "longSum", "name": "imps", "fieldName": "impressions"}, |
| {"type": "doubleSum", "name": "wp", "fieldName": "wp"} |
| ], |
| "intervals": ["2010-01-01T00:00/2020-01-01T00"] |
| } |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p><strong>Submit the query via curl</strong></p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>curl -X POST "http://localhost:8083/druid/v2/?pretty" \ |
| -H 'content-type: application/json' -d @query.body |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p><strong>View Result!</strong></p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>[ { |
| "timestamp" : "2010-01-01T01:01:00.000Z", |
| "result" : { |
| "imps" : 20, |
| "wp" : 60000.0, |
| "rows" : 5 |
| } |
| } ] |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p>Congratulations, you've queried the data we just loaded! In our next post, we'll move on to Querying our Data.</p> |
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