<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/><title>insert-segment-to-db tool · Apache Druid</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://druid.apache.org/docs/24.0.2/operations/insert-segment-to-db.html"/><meta name="generator" content="Docusaurus"/><meta name="description" content="&lt;!--"/><meta name="docsearch:language" content="en"/><meta name="docsearch:version" content="24.0.2" /><meta property="og:title" content="insert-segment-to-db tool · Apache Druid"/><meta property="og:type" content="website"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://druid.apache.org/index.html"/><meta property="og:description" content="&lt;!--"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://druid.apache.org/img/druid_nav.png"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://druid.apache.org/img/druid_nav.png"/><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/img/favicon.png"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/docsearch.js@2/dist/cdn/docsearch.min.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.12.0/styles/default.min.css"/><script async="" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-131010415-1"></script><script>
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class="icon-toc"></i></div></div><div class="navGroups"><div class="navGroup"><h3 class="navGroupCategoryTitle collapsible">Getting started<span class="arrow"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="#565656" d="M7.41 15.41L12 10.83l4.59 4.58L18 14l-6-6-6 6z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path></svg></span></h3><ul class="hide"><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/design/index.html">Introduction to Apache Druid</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/tutorials/index.html">Quickstart (local)</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/operations/single-server.html">Single server deployment</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/tutorials/cluster.html">Clustered deployment</a></li></ul></div><div class="navGroup"><h3 class="navGroupCategoryTitle collapsible">Tutorials<span class="arrow"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path 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sketches</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/tutorials/tutorial-retention.html">Configuring data retention</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/tutorials/tutorial-update-data.html">Updating existing data</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/tutorials/tutorial-compaction.html">Compacting segments</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/tutorials/tutorial-delete-data.html">Deleting data</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/tutorials/tutorial-ingestion-spec.html">Writing an ingestion spec</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/tutorials/tutorial-transform-spec.html">Transforming input data</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/tutorials/docker.html">Tutorial: Run with Docker</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" 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class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/dependencies/metadata-storage.html">Metadata storage</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/dependencies/zookeeper.html">ZooKeeper</a></li></ul></div><div class="navGroup"><h3 class="navGroupCategoryTitle collapsible">Ingestion<span class="arrow"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="#565656" d="M7.41 15.41L12 10.83l4.59 4.58L18 14l-6-6-6 6z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path></svg></span></h3><ul class="hide"><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/ingestion/index.html">Ingestion</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/ingestion/data-formats.html">Data formats</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/ingestion/data-model.html">Data model</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/ingestion/rollup.html">Data rollup</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/ingestion/partitioning.html">Partitioning</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/ingestion/ingestion-spec.html">Ingestion spec</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/ingestion/schema-design.html">Schema design tips</a></li><div class="navGroup subNavGroup"><h4 class="navGroupSubcategoryTitle">Stream ingestion</h4><ul><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/development/extensions-core/kafka-ingestion.html">Apache Kafka ingestion</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/development/extensions-core/kafka-supervisor-reference.html">Apache Kafka supervisor</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/development/extensions-core/kafka-supervisor-operations.html">Apache Kafka operations</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/development/extensions-core/kinesis-ingestion.html">Amazon Kinesis</a></li></ul></div><div class="navGroup subNavGroup"><h4 class="navGroupSubcategoryTitle">Batch ingestion</h4><ul><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/ingestion/native-batch.html">Native batch</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/ingestion/native-batch-input-sources.html">Native batch: input sources</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/ingestion/hadoop.html">Hadoop-based</a></li></ul></div><div class="navGroup subNavGroup"><h4 class="navGroupSubcategoryTitle">SQL-based ingestion 🆕</h4><ul><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/multi-stage-query/index.html">Overview</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/multi-stage-query/concepts.html">Key concepts</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/multi-stage-query/api.html">API</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" 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class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/data-management/index.html">Overview</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/data-management/update.html">Data updates</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/data-management/delete.html">Data deletion</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/data-management/schema-changes.html">Schema changes</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/data-management/compaction.html">Compaction</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/data-management/automatic-compaction.html">Automatic compaction</a></li></ul></div><div class="navGroup"><h3 class="navGroupCategoryTitle collapsible">Querying<span class="arrow"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="#565656" d="M7.41 15.41L12 10.83l4.59 4.58L18 14l-6-6-6 6z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path></svg></span></h3><ul class="hide"><div class="navGroup subNavGroup"><h4 class="navGroupSubcategoryTitle">Druid SQL</h4><ul><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql.html">Overview and syntax</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-data-types.html">SQL data types</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-operators.html">Operators</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-scalar.html">Scalar functions</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-aggregations.html">Aggregation functions</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-multivalue-string-functions.html">Multi-value string functions</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-json-functions.html">JSON functions</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-functions.html">All functions</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-api.html">Druid SQL API</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-jdbc.html">JDBC driver API</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-query-context.html">SQL query context</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-metadata-tables.html">SQL metadata tables</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sql-translation.html">SQL query translation</a></li></ul></div><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/querying.html">Native queries</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/query-execution.html">Query execution</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" 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href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/using-caching.html">Using query caching</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/query-context.html">Query context</a></li></ul></div><div class="navGroup subNavGroup"><h4 class="navGroupSubcategoryTitle">Native query types</h4><ul><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/timeseriesquery.html">Timeseries</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/topnquery.html">TopN</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/groupbyquery.html">GroupBy</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/scan-query.html">Scan</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/searchquery.html">Search</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/timeboundaryquery.html">TimeBoundary</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/segmentmetadataquery.html">SegmentMetadata</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/datasourcemetadataquery.html">DatasourceMetadata</a></li></ul></div><div class="navGroup subNavGroup"><h4 class="navGroupSubcategoryTitle">Native query components</h4><ul><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/filters.html">Filters</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/granularities.html">Granularities</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/dimensionspecs.html">Dimensions</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/aggregations.html">Aggregations</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/post-aggregations.html">Post-aggregations</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/misc/math-expr.html">Expressions</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/having.html">Having filters (groupBy)</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/limitspec.html">Sorting and limiting (groupBy)</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/topnmetricspec.html">Sorting (topN)</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/sorting-orders.html">String comparators</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/querying/virtual-columns.html">Virtual columns</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/development/geo.html">Spatial filters</a></li></ul></div></ul></div><div class="navGroup"><h3 class="navGroupCategoryTitle collapsible">Configuration<span class="arrow"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="#565656" d="M7.41 15.41L12 10.83l4.59 4.58L18 14l-6-6-6 6z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" 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href="/docs/24.0.2/operations/basic-cluster-tuning.html">Basic cluster tuning</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/operations/segment-optimization.html">Segment size optimization</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/operations/mixed-workloads.html">Mixed workloads</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/operations/http-compression.html">HTTP compression</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/operations/clean-metadata-store.html">Automated metadata cleanup</a></li></ul></div><div class="navGroup subNavGroup"><h4 class="navGroupSubcategoryTitle">Monitoring</h4><ul><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/operations/request-logging.html">Request logging</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" href="/docs/24.0.2/operations/metrics.html">Metrics</a></li><li class="navListItem"><a class="navItem" 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<p>In older versions of Apache Druid, <code>insert-segment-to-db</code> was a tool that could scan deep storage and
insert data from there into Druid metadata storage. It was intended to be used to update the segment table in the
metadata storage after manually migrating segments from one place to another, or even to recover lost metadata storage
by telling it where the segments are stored.</p>
<p>In Druid 0.14.x and earlier, Druid wrote segment metadata to two places: the metadata store's <code>druid_segments</code> table, and
<code>descriptor.json</code> files in deep storage. This practice was stopped in Druid 0.15.0 as part of
<a href="https://github.com/apache/druid/issues/6849">consolidated metadata management</a>, for the following reasons:</p>
<ol>
<li>If any segments are manually dropped or re-enabled by cluster operators, this information is not reflected in
deep storage. Restoring metadata from deep storage would undo any such drops or re-enables.</li>
<li>Ingestion methods that allocate segments optimistically (such as native Kafka or Kinesis stream ingestion, or native
batch ingestion in 'append' mode) can write segments to deep storage that are not meant to actually be used by the
Druid cluster. There is no way, while purely looking at deep storage, to differentiate the segments that made it into
the metadata store originally (and therefore <em>should</em> be used) from the segments that did not (and therefore
<em>should not</em> be used).</li>
<li>Nothing in Druid other than the <code>insert-segment-to-db</code> tool read the <code>descriptor.json</code> files.</li>
</ol>
<p>After this change, Druid stopped writing <code>descriptor.json</code> files to deep storage, and now only writes segment metadata
to the metadata store. This meant the <code>insert-segment-to-db</code> tool is no longer useful, so it was removed in Druid 0.15.0.</p>
<p>It is highly recommended that you take regular backups of your metadata store, since it is difficult to recover Druid
clusters properly without it.</p>
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