| --- |
| { |
| "title": "MAKE_SET", |
| "language": "en", |
| "description": "The MAKESET function selects and combines strings from multiple string parameters based on a bitmask (bit)." |
| } |
| --- |
| |
| ## Description |
| |
| The MAKE_SET function selects and combines strings from multiple string parameters based on a bitmask (bit). Returns a comma-separated string set containing all strings whose corresponding bit is 1. |
| |
| Behavior aligns with [MAKE_SET](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/string-functions.html#function-make-set) in MySQL. |
| |
| ## Syntax |
| |
| ```sql |
| MAKE_SET(<bit>, <str1>[, <str2>, ...]) |
| ``` |
| |
| ## Parameters |
| |
| | Parameter | Description | |
| | -------- | ----------------------------------------- | |
| | `<bit>` | Bitmask value, binary bits indicate which strings to select. Type: BIGINT | |
| | `<str1>`, `<str2>`, ... | String parameters to be combined (variable arguments). Type: VARCHAR | |
| |
| ## Return Value |
| |
| Returns VARCHAR type, a comma-separated string set. |
| |
| Special cases: |
| - If `<bit>` is NULL, returns NULL |
| - If a string corresponding to a bit set to 1 is NULL, skip that string |
| - If corresponding bit exceeds parameter range, ignore that bit |
| - Binary bits count from right to left, bit 0 corresponds to the first string parameter |
| - When `<bit>` is 0, returns empty string |
| |
| ## Examples |
| |
| 1. Basic usage: bit = 3 (binary 011, selects bit 0 and bit 1) |
| ```sql |
| SELECT make_set(3, 'dog', 'cat', 'bird'); |
| ``` |
| ```text |
| +-----------------------------------+ |
| | make_set(3, 'dog', 'cat', 'bird') | |
| +-----------------------------------+ |
| | dog,cat | |
| +-----------------------------------+ |
| ``` |
| |
| 2. Skip NULL values: bit = 5 (binary 101, selects bit 0 and bit 2) |
| ```sql |
| SELECT make_set(5, NULL, 'warm', 'hot'); |
| ``` |
| ```text |
| +---------------------------------+ |
| | make_set(5, NULL, 'warm', 'hot') | |
| +---------------------------------+ |
| | hot | |
| +---------------------------------+ |
| ``` |
| |
| 3. bit is 0: Select no strings |
| ```sql |
| SELECT make_set(0, 'hello', 'world'); |
| ``` |
| ```text |
| +--------------------------------+ |
| | make_set(0, 'hello', 'world') | |
| +--------------------------------+ |
| | | |
| +--------------------------------+ |
| ``` |
| |
| 4. NULL value handling |
| ```sql |
| SELECT make_set(NULL, 'a', 'b', 'c'); |
| ``` |
| ```text |
| +-------------------------------+ |
| | make_set(NULL, 'a', 'b', 'c') | |
| +-------------------------------+ |
| | NULL | |
| +-------------------------------+ |
| ``` |
| |
| 5. Bit exceeds parameter range: bit = 15 (binary 1111, selects 4 bits, but only 2 parameters) |
| ```sql |
| SELECT make_set(15, 'first', 'second'); |
| ``` |
| ```text |
| +-------------------------------------+ |
| | make_set(15, 'first', 'second') | |
| +-------------------------------------+ |
| | first,second | |
| +-------------------------------------+ |
| ``` |
| |
| 6. UTF-8 special character support |
| ```sql |
| SELECT make_set(7, 'ṭṛì', 'ḍḍumai', 'test'); |
| ``` |
| ```text |
| +------------------------------------------+ |
| | make_set(7, 'ṭṛì', 'ḍḍumai', 'test') | |
| +------------------------------------------+ |
| | ṭṛì,ḍḍumai,test | |
| +------------------------------------------+ |
| ``` |
| |
| ### Keywords |
| |
| MAKE_SET |