---

{ “title”: “LCASE/LOWER”, “language”: “en”, “description”: “The LCASE function (alias LOWER) converts all uppercase letters in a string to lowercase.” }

Description

The LCASE function (alias LOWER) converts all uppercase letters in a string to lowercase.

Syntax

LCASE(<str>)
LOWER(<str>)

Parameters

Parameter	Description
<str>	The string to convert to lowercase. Type: VARCHAR

Return Value

Returns VARCHAR type, representing the string after conversion to lowercase.

Conversion rules:

• Converts all uppercase letters in the string to their corresponding lowercase letters
• Non-letter characters (numbers, symbols, spaces, etc.) remain unchanged
• Letters that are already lowercase remain unchanged

Special cases:

• If parameter is NULL, returns NULL
• If string is empty, returns empty string
• If string contains no uppercase letters, returns original string

Examples

1. Basic English letter conversion

SELECT LOWER('AbC123'), LCASE('AbC123');

+-----------------+-----------------+
| LOWER('AbC123') | LCASE('AbC123') |
+-----------------+-----------------+
| abc123          | abc123          |
+-----------------+-----------------+

2. Mixed character handling

SELECT LOWER('Hello World!'), LCASE('TEST@123');

+----------------------+------------------+
| LOWER('Hello World!') | LCASE('TEST@123') |
+----------------------+------------------+
| hello world!         | test@123         |
+----------------------+------------------+

3. NULL value handling

SELECT LOWER(NULL), LCASE(NULL);

+-------------+-------------+
| LOWER(NULL) | LCASE(NULL) |
+-------------+-------------+
| NULL        | NULL        |
+-------------+-------------+