---

{ “title”: “INSTR”, “language”: “en”, “description”: “The INSTR function returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring in the main string, with position counting starting from 1.” }

Description

The INSTR function returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring in the main string, with position counting starting from 1. This is a commonly used string search function that supports exact matching and is case-sensitive. The function is widely used in text processing, data cleaning, and string analysis.

Syntax

INSTR(<str>, <substr>)

Parameters

Parameter	Description
<str>	Main string to search within. Type: VARCHAR
<substr>	Substring to find. Type: VARCHAR

Return Value

Returns INT type, representing the position of the first occurrence of the substring in the main string.

Search rules:

• Returns position index starting from 1 (not from 0)
• If substring does not exist, returns 0
• Search is case-sensitive
• Supports correct position calculation for UTF-8 multi-byte characters
• Special handling for empty strings

Special cases:

• If any parameter is NULL, returns NULL
• If substring is an empty string, returns 1 (empty string “exists” at any position)
• If main string is empty but substring is not, returns 0
• Supports finding substrings containing special characters and symbols

Examples

1. Basic character search

SELECT INSTR('abc', 'b'), INSTR('abc', 'd');

+-------------------+-------------------+
| INSTR('abc', 'b') | INSTR('abc', 'd') |
+-------------------+-------------------+
|                 2 |                 0 |
+-------------------+-------------------+

2. Substring search

SELECT INSTR('hello world', 'world'), INSTR('hello world', 'WORLD');

+------------------------------+------------------------------+
| INSTR('hello world', 'world') | INSTR('hello world', 'WORLD') |
+------------------------------+------------------------------+
|                            7 |                            0 |
+------------------------------+------------------------------+

3. NULL value handling

SELECT INSTR(NULL, 'test'), INSTR('test', NULL);

+---------------------+---------------------+
| INSTR(NULL, 'test') | INSTR('test', NULL) |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| NULL                | NULL                |
+---------------------+---------------------+

4. Empty string handling

SELECT INSTR('hello', ''), INSTR('', 'world');

+--------------------+---------------------+
| INSTR('hello', '') | INSTR('', 'world') |
+--------------------+---------------------+
|                  1 |                   0 |
+--------------------+---------------------+