---

{ “title”: “ARRAY_PUSHFRONT”, “language”: “en-US”, “description”: "Adds an element to the beginning of an array. The function returns a new array containing the newly added element plus all elements from the original " }

array_pushfront

Description

Adds an element to the beginning of an array. The function returns a new array containing the newly added element plus all elements from the original array.

Syntax

array_pushfront(ARRAY<T> arr, T element)

Parameters

• arr：ARRAY type, the array to which to add an element
• element：T type, the element to add to the beginning of the array

Supported types for T:

• Numeric types: TINYINT, SMALLINT, INT, BIGINT, LARGEINT, FLOAT, DOUBLE, DECIMAL
• String types: CHAR, VARCHAR, STRING
• Date and time types: DATE, DATETIME, DATEV2, DATETIMEV2
• Boolean type: BOOLEAN
• IP types: IPV4, IPV6
• Complex types: ARRAY, MAP, STRUCT

Return Value

Return type: ARRAY

Return value meaning:

• Returns a new array containing the newly added element plus all elements from the original array
• NULL: if the input array is NULL

Usage notes:

• The function adds the specified element to the beginning of the array
• Empty arrays can add elements normally, the new element type needs to be compatible with the array element type
• For null values in array elements: null elements are handled normally

Query Examples:

Add an element to the beginning of a string array:

SELECT array_pushfront(['banana', 'cherry', 'date'], 'apple');
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| array_pushfront(['banana', 'cherry', 'date'], 'apple') |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "date"]                  |
+--------------------------------------------------------+

Add a null element to the beginning of an array containing null values:

SELECT array_pushfront([1, null, 3], null);
+-------------------------------------+
| array_pushfront([1, null, 3], null) |
+-------------------------------------+
| [null, 1, null, 3]                  |
+-------------------------------------+

Add an element to the beginning of an empty array:

SELECT array_pushfront([], 42);
+--------------------------+
| array_pushfront([], 42)  |
+--------------------------+
| [42]                     |
+--------------------------+

NULL arrays return NULL:

SELECT array_pushfront(NULL, 1);
+---------------------------+
| array_pushfront(NULL, 1)  |
+---------------------------+
| NULL                      |
+---------------------------+

Add an element to the beginning of a float array:

SELECT array_pushfront([2.2, 3.3, 4.4], 1.1);
+------------------------------------------+
| array_pushfront([2.2, 3.3, 4.4], 1.1)   |
+------------------------------------------+
| [1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4]                    |
+------------------------------------------+

Add an element to the beginning of an IP address array:

SELECT array_pushfront(CAST(['192.168.1.2', '192.168.1.3'] AS ARRAY<IPV4>), CAST('192.168.1.1' AS IPV4));
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| array_pushfront(CAST(['192.168.1.2', '192.168.1.3'] AS ARRAY<IPV4>), CAST('192.168.1.1' AS IPV4)) |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ["192.168.1.1", "192.168.1.2", "192.168.1.3"]                                   |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Add an element to the beginning of a nested array:

SELECT array_pushfront([[3,4], [5,6]], [1,2]);
+------------------------------------------+
| array_pushfront([[3,4], [5,6]], [1,2])  |
+------------------------------------------+
| [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]                |
+------------------------------------------+

Add an element to the beginning of a MAP array:

SELECT array_pushfront([{'b':2}, {'c':3}], {'a':1});
+----------------------------------------------+
| array_pushfront([{'b':2}, {'c':3}], {'a':1}) |
+----------------------------------------------+
| [{"a":1}, {"b":2}, {"c":3}]                 |
+----------------------------------------------+

Add an element to the beginning of a STRUCT array:

SELECT array_pushfront(array(named_struct('name','Bob','age',30), named_struct('name','Charlie','age',40)), named_struct('name','Alice','age',20));
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| array_pushfront(array(named_struct('name','Bob','age',30), named_struct('name','Charlie','age',40)), named_struct('name','Alice','age',20)) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [{"name":"Alice", "age":20}, {"name":"Bob", "age":30}, {"name":"Charlie", "age":40}]                                                    |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Error with wrong number of parameters:

SELECT array_pushfront([1,2,3]);
ERROR 1105 (HY000): errCode = 2, detailMessage: Can not found function 'array_pushfront' which has 1 arity. Candidate functions are: [array_pushfront(Expression, Expression)]

Error when passing non-array types:

SELECT array_pushfront('not_an_array', 1);
ERROR 1105 (HY000): errCode = 2, detailMessage: Can not find the compatibility function signature: array_pushfront(VARCHAR(12), TINYINT)

Keywords

ARRAY, PUSHFRONT, ARRAY_PUSHFRONT