---

{ “title”: “JSON_ARRAY”, “language”: “en”, “description”: “Generate a JSON array containing the specified elements. Returns an empty array when no parameters are passed.” }

Description

Generate a JSON array containing the specified elements. Returns an empty array when no parameters are passed.

Syntax

JSON_ARRAY([<expression>, ...]) 

Parameters

Variable parameters:

• <expression>: Elements to be included in the JSON array. Can be single or multiple values of different types, including NULL.

Return Value

JSON: Returns a JSON array composed of the parameter list.

Usage Notes

• JSON_ARRAY implementation converts different types of parameters to JSON values by implicitly calling the TO_JSON function, so parameters must be types supported by TO_JSON
• NULL will be converted to JSON null. If you don't want to retain null values in the array, you can use the function JSON_ARRAY_IGNORE_NULL.
• If the parameter type is not supported by TO_JSON, you will get an error. You can first convert that parameter to String type, for example:

  select JSON_ARRAY(CAST(NOW() as String));
  

  The NOW() function returns a DateTime type, which needs to be converted to String type using the CAST function

• If the parameter is a JSON string and you want to add it to the array as a JSON object, you should explicitly call the JSON_PARSE function to parse it as a JSON object:

  select JSON_ARRAY(JSON_PARSE('{"key": "value"}'));
  

Examples

1. Regular parameters

   select json_array() as empty_array, json_array(1) v1, json_array(1, 'abc') v2;
   

   +-------------+------+-----------+
   | empty_array | v1   | v2        |
   +-------------+------+-----------+
   | []          | [1]  | [1,"abc"] |
   +-------------+------+-----------+
   

2. NULL parameters

   select json_array(null) v1, json_array(1, null, 'I am a string') v2;
   

   +--------+--------------------------+
   | v1     | v2                       |
   +--------+--------------------------+
   | [null] | [1,null,"I am a string"] |
   +--------+--------------------------+
   

3. Unsupported parameter types

   select json_array('item1', map(123, 'abc'));
   

   ERROR 1105 (HY000): errCode = 2, detailMessage = Can not find the compatibility function signature: to_json(MAP<TINYINT,VARCHAR(3)>)
   

4. Map type parameters can be explicitly converted to JSON

   select json_array(1, cast(map('key', 'value') as json));
   

   +--------------------------------------------------+
   | json_array(1, cast(map('key', 'value') as json)) |
   +--------------------------------------------------+
   | [1,{"key":"value"}]                              |
   +--------------------------------------------------+
   

5. The JSON string will be added to the array in the form of a string

   select json_array('{"key1": "value", "key2": [1, "I am a string", 3]}');
   

   +------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | json_array('{"key1": "value", "key2": [1, "I am a string", 3]}') |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | ["{\"key1\": \"value\", \"key2\": [1, \"I am a string\", 3]}"]   |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------+
   

6. A JSON string can be parsed using json_parse and then passed to json_array

   select json_array(json_parse('{"key1": "value", "key2": [1, "I am a string", 3]}'));
   

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | json_array(json_parse('{"key1": "value", "key2": [1, "I am a string", 3]}')) |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | [{"key1":"value","key2":[1,"I am a string",3]}]                              |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------------+