docs/source/library-user-guide/table-constraints.md

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# Table Constraint Enforcement

Table providers can describe table constraints using the
[`TableConstraint`] and [`Constraints`] APIs. These constraints include
primary keys, unique keys, foreign keys and check constraints.

DataFusion does **not** currently enforce these constraints at runtime.
They are provided for informational purposes and can be used by custom
`TableProvider` implementations or other parts of the system.

- **Nullability**: The only property enforced by DataFusion is the
  nullability of each [`Field`] in a schema. Returning data with null values
  for Columns marked as not nullable will result in runtime errors during execution. DataFusion
  does not check or enforce nullability when data is ingested.
- **Primary and unique keys**: DataFusion does not verify that the data
  satisfies primary or unique key constraints. Table providers that
  require this behaviour must implement their own checks.
- **Foreign keys and check constraints**: These constraints are parsed
  but are not validated or used during query planning.

[`tableconstraint`]: https://docs.rs/datafusion/latest/datafusion/logical_expr/sqlparser/ast/enum.TableConstraint.html
[`constraints`]: https://docs.rs/datafusion/latest/datafusion/common/struct.Constraints.html
[`field`]: https://docs.rs/arrow/latest/arrow/datatypes/struct.Field.html