Update datafusion dependency to latest in preparation for DF54 (#1532)

* feat: upgrade upstream DataFusion 53 → main (pre-54)

Bump workspace deps to apache/datafusion@3d06bedc (git pin) in
preparation for the 54.0.0 release. Workspace package version moves
to 54.0.0 to track the upstream major convention.

Compile fixes:
- Drop as_any impls (trait now has Any as supertrait) and use the
  upstream-provided downcast_ref helper on dyn trait objects.
- Reconcile FFI provider From conversions to drop redundant `+ Send`
  on Arc<dyn ...> bounds.
- Cast/TryCast: data_type → field.data_type() (FieldRef rename).
- Stub match arms for new Expr::HigherOrderFunction / Lambda /
  LambdaVariable and ScalarValue::ListView / LargeListView variants;
  proper exposure deferred to PR 3 audit.
- DatasetExec: partition_statistics returns Arc<Statistics>; add
  required apply_expressions trait method.
- Suppress TableFunctionImpl::call deprecation pending call_with_args
  refactor that needs Session plumbing.

User-facing test updates for upstream behavior changes:
- median / approx_median / approx_percentile_cont now return Float64.
- String functions (concat_ws, lower, upper, repeat, reverse,
  split_part, translate) return StringView when given StringView.
- overlay appends past end-of-string rather than replacing the input.
- arrays_zip / list_zip struct field names "c0"/"c1" → "1"/"2".
- Filter on mismatched cast types now errors (was 0 matches).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* feat: expose DataFrame.alias and tidy public API after DF53→54 audit

Companion to the upstream DataFusion 53 → main bump. The
check-upstream audit (PR 3 of dev/release/upstream-sync.md) surfaced a
small set of trivial wins; this commit ships them.

Trivial wins:
- DataFrame.alias(name) — wraps the logical plan in a SubqueryAlias.
- functions.__all__: add `instr` and `position` (both were defined as
  public defs but missing from `__all__`, so they didn't show up in
  `from datafusion.functions import *` or generated docs).
- top-level `datafusion.__all__`: re-export `TableProviderFactory` and
  `TableProviderFactoryExportable` (previously only reachable via the
  `datafusion.catalog` submodule).

Non-trivial gaps surfaced by the audit (DataFrame.registry,
into_*/task_ctx, SessionContext extensibility surface, distinct-aware
aggregate variants, TableFunctionImpl::call_with_args migration, FFI
Protocol pipeline gaps) are deferred — each warrants its own design
and PR.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* taplo fmt

* Update unit test to go along with https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/22133

* docs: demonstrate alias via self-join in DataFrame.alias example

Prior example called alias("t") then to_pydict(), which did not show
the qualifier effect. Replace with a self-join that uses col("l.val")
and col("r.val") so the disambiguation behavior is visible.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* feat: wrap higher-order, lambda, and lambda-variable Expr variants

DataFusion 54 introduces Expr::HigherOrderFunction, Expr::Lambda, and
Expr::LambdaVariable. PyExpr::to_variant previously errored on each
with py_unsupported_variant_err. Add PyHigherOrderFunction, PyLambda,
and PyLambdaVariable wrappers, register them in the expr pymodule and
re-export from python/datafusion/expr.py, and dispatch to_variant to
the new wrappers.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* feat: wire rex_type and rex_call_operands for new Expr variants

Map HigherOrderFunction and Lambda to RexType::Call; LambdaVariable to
RexType::Reference. In rex_call_operands return the args for
HigherOrderFunction, the body for Lambda, and self for LambdaVariable
(mirroring Column). In rex_call_operator return the underlying UDF
name for HigherOrderFunction and the literal "lambda" for Lambda.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* feat: support LargeList/ListView/LargeListView in map_from_scalar_to_arrow

These ScalarValue variants all wrap Arc<...Array>, exposing the outer
DataType via Array::data_type(), so we can mirror the existing
ScalarValue::List arm instead of returning PyNotImplementedError. This
makes Expr.types() work for plans that round-trip through SQL or proto
where these scalar variants surface.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* refactor: switch PyTableFunction to non-deprecated call_with_args

DataFusion 53.0.0 deprecated TableFunctionImpl::call in favor of
call_with_args(args: TableFunctionArgs), which threads a Session
reference alongside the exprs. Implement call_with_args on
PyTableFunction (delegating to the FFI variant's call_with_args, or
ignoring the session for the pure-Python variant which doesn't use it)
and have __call__ build a TableFunctionArgs from the global session.
Drops both #[allow(deprecated)] attributes.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* build: revert workspace version to 53.0.0 and move DF overrides to [patch.crates-io]

The workspace version was prematurely bumped to 54.0.0 in the
DF53→pre-54 upgrade. Restore it to 53.0.0 until we are actually
ready to cut the 54 release.

The same change had moved every datafusion-* dependency from a
crates.io version constraint to a direct git dep in
[workspace.dependencies]. Switch them back to "version = \"53\"" and
move the git rev overrides into [patch.crates-io] so the published
manifest will be patch-free.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* taplo format

* test: sort FFI test results by partition key before equality compare

Multi-partition `collect()` returns batches in execution-scheduling
order, which is non-deterministic and differs between local and CI
runners. Sort by the first value of column 0 (unique per partition in
each affected test) so the expected/actual comparison is stable.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* Bump datafusion main commit

* test: cover new DF54 expr wrappers, catalog factories, and DataFrame.alias

Add module-metadata checks for HigherOrderFunction, Lambda, LambdaVariable
and the top-level TableProviderFactory / TableProviderFactoryExportable
re-exports, plus a self-join regression test exercising the new
DataFrame.alias() qualifier-based selection path.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
35 files changed
tree: 8238b487946e3b83109ea7bf5d27a6d25aad1cb8
  1. .ai/
  2. .claude/
  3. .github/
  4. benchmarks/
  5. ci/
  6. crates/
  7. dev/
  8. docs/
  9. examples/
  10. python/
  11. skills/
  12. .asf.yaml
  13. .dockerignore
  14. .gitignore
  15. .gitmodules
  16. .pre-commit-config.yaml
  17. AGENTS.md
  18. Cargo.lock
  19. Cargo.toml
  20. CHANGELOG.md
  21. conftest.py
  22. LICENSE.txt
  23. pyproject.toml
  24. README.md
  25. rustfmt.toml
  26. uv.lock
README.md

DataFusion in Python

Python test Python Release Build

This is a Python library that binds to Apache Arrow in-memory query engine DataFusion.

DataFusion's Python bindings can be used as a foundation for building new data systems in Python. Here are some examples:

  • Dask SQL uses DataFusion's Python bindings for SQL parsing, query planning, and logical plan optimizations, and then transpiles the logical plan to Dask operations for execution.
  • DataFusion Ballista is a distributed SQL query engine that extends DataFusion's Python bindings for distributed use cases.
  • DataFusion Ray is another distributed query engine that uses DataFusion's Python bindings.

Features

  • Execute queries using SQL or DataFrames against CSV, Parquet, and JSON data sources.
  • Queries are optimized using DataFusion's query optimizer.
  • Execute user-defined Python code from SQL.
  • Exchange data with Pandas and other DataFrame libraries that support PyArrow.
  • Serialize and deserialize query plans in Substrait format.
  • Experimental support for transpiling SQL queries to DataFrame calls with Polars, Pandas, and cuDF.

For tips on tuning parallelism, see Maximizing CPU Usage in the configuration guide.

Example Usage

The following example demonstrates running a SQL query against a Parquet file using DataFusion, storing the results in a Pandas DataFrame, and then plotting a chart.

The Parquet file used in this example can be downloaded from the following page:

from datafusion import SessionContext

# Create a DataFusion context
ctx = SessionContext()

# Register table with context
ctx.register_parquet('taxi', 'yellow_tripdata_2021-01.parquet')

# Execute SQL
df = ctx.sql("select passenger_count, count(*) "
             "from taxi "
             "where passenger_count is not null "
             "group by passenger_count "
             "order by passenger_count")

# convert to Pandas
pandas_df = df.to_pandas()

# create a chart
fig = pandas_df.plot(kind="bar", title="Trip Count by Number of Passengers").get_figure()
fig.savefig('chart.png')

This produces the following chart:

Chart

Registering a DataFrame as a View

You can use SessionContext's register_view method to convert a DataFrame into a view and register it with the context.

from datafusion import SessionContext, col, literal

# Create a DataFusion context
ctx = SessionContext()

# Create sample data
data = {"a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "b": [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]}

# Create a DataFrame from the dictionary
df = ctx.from_pydict(data, "my_table")

# Filter the DataFrame (for example, keep rows where a > 2)
df_filtered = df.filter(col("a") > literal(2))

# Register the dataframe as a view with the context
ctx.register_view("view1", df_filtered)

# Now run a SQL query against the registered view
df_view = ctx.sql("SELECT * FROM view1")

# Collect the results
results = df_view.collect()

# Convert results to a list of dictionaries for display
result_dicts = [batch.to_pydict() for batch in results]

print(result_dicts)

This will output:

[{'a': [3, 4, 5], 'b': [30, 40, 50]}]

Configuration

It is possible to configure runtime (memory and disk settings) and configuration settings when creating a context.

runtime = (
    RuntimeEnvBuilder()
    .with_disk_manager_os()
    .with_fair_spill_pool(10000000)
)
config = (
    SessionConfig()
    .with_create_default_catalog_and_schema(True)
    .with_default_catalog_and_schema("foo", "bar")
    .with_target_partitions(8)
    .with_information_schema(True)
    .with_repartition_joins(False)
    .with_repartition_aggregations(False)
    .with_repartition_windows(False)
    .with_parquet_pruning(False)
    .set("datafusion.execution.parquet.pushdown_filters", "true")
)
ctx = SessionContext(config, runtime)

Refer to the API documentation for more information.

Printing the context will show the current configuration settings.

print(ctx)

Extensions

For information about how to extend DataFusion Python, please see the extensions page of the online documentation.

More Examples

See examples for more information.

Executing Queries with DataFusion

Running User-Defined Python Code

Substrait Support

How to install

uv

uv add datafusion

Pip

pip install datafusion
# or
python -m pip install datafusion

Conda

conda install -c conda-forge datafusion

You can verify the installation by running:

>>> import datafusion
>>> datafusion.__version__
'0.6.0'

Using DataFusion with AI coding assistants

This project ships a SKILL.md that teaches AI coding assistants how to write idiomatic DataFusion Python. It follows the Agent Skills open standard.

Preferred: npx skills add apache/datafusion-python — installs the skill in Claude Code, Cursor, Windsurf, Cline, Codex, Copilot, Gemini CLI, and other supported agents.

Manual: paste this line into your project's AGENTS.md / CLAUDE.md:

For DataFusion Python code, see https://github.com/apache/datafusion-python/blob/main/skills/datafusion_python/SKILL.md

How to develop

This assumes that you have rust and cargo installed. We use the workflow recommended by pyo3 and maturin. The Maturin tools used in this workflow can be installed either via uv or pip. Both approaches should offer the same experience. It is recommended to use uv since it has significant performance improvements over pip.

Currently for protobuf support either protobuf or cmake must be installed.

Bootstrap (uv):

By default uv will attempt to build the datafusion python package. For our development we prefer to build manually. This means that when creating your virtual environment using uv sync you need to pass in the additional --no-install-package datafusion and for uv run commands the additional parameter --no-project

# fetch this repo
git clone git@github.com:apache/datafusion-python.git
# cd to the repo root
cd datafusion-python/
# create the virtual environment
uv sync --dev --no-install-package datafusion
# activate the environment
source .venv/bin/activate

Bootstrap (pip):

# fetch this repo
git clone git@github.com:apache/datafusion-python.git
# cd to the repo root
cd datafusion-python/
# prepare development environment (used to build wheel / install in development)
python3 -m venv .venv
# activate the venv
source .venv/bin/activate
# update pip itself if necessary
python -m pip install -U pip
# install dependencies
python -m pip install -r pyproject.toml

The tests rely on test data in git submodules.

git submodule update --init

Whenever rust code changes (your changes or via git pull):

# make sure you activate the venv using "source venv/bin/activate" first
maturin develop --uv
python -m pytest

Alternatively if you are using uv you can do the following without needing to activate the virtual environment:

uv run --no-project maturin develop --uv
uv run --no-project pytest

To run the FFI tests within the examples folder, after you have built datafusion-python with the previous commands:

cd examples/datafusion-ffi-example
uv run --no-project maturin develop --uv
uv run --no-project pytest python/tests/_test_*py

Running & Installing pre-commit hooks

datafusion-python takes advantage of pre-commit to assist developers with code linting to help reduce the number of commits that ultimately fail in CI due to linter errors. Using the pre-commit hooks is optional for the developer but certainly helpful for keeping PRs clean and concise.

Our pre-commit hooks can be installed by running pre-commit install, which will install the configurations in your DATAFUSION_PYTHON_ROOT/.github directory and run each time you perform a commit, failing to complete the commit if an offending lint is found allowing you to make changes locally before pushing.

The pre-commit hooks can also be run adhoc without installing them by simply running pre-commit run --all-files.

NOTE: the current pre-commit hooks require docker, and cmake. See note on protobuf above.

Running linters without using pre-commit

There are scripts in ci/scripts for running Rust and Python linters.

./ci/scripts/python_lint.sh
./ci/scripts/rust_clippy.sh
./ci/scripts/rust_fmt.sh
./ci/scripts/rust_toml_fmt.sh

Checking Upstream DataFusion Coverage

This project includes an AI agent skill for auditing which features from the upstream Apache DataFusion Rust library are not yet exposed in these Python bindings. This is useful when adding missing functions, auditing API coverage, or ensuring parity with upstream.

The skill accepts an optional area argument:

scalar functions
aggregate functions
window functions
dataframe
session context
ffi types
all

If no argument is provided, it defaults to checking all areas. The skill will fetch the upstream DataFusion documentation, compare it against the functions and methods exposed in this project, and produce a coverage report listing what is currently exposed and what is missing.

The skill definition lives in .ai/skills/check-upstream/SKILL.md and follows the Agent Skills open standard. It can be used by any AI coding agent that supports skill discovery, or followed manually.

How to update dependencies

To change test dependencies, change the pyproject.toml and run

uv sync --dev --no-install-package datafusion