% Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
% use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
% the License at
%
%   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
%
% Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
% distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
% WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
% License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
% the License.


% Maintain cluster membership and stability notifications for replications.
% On changes to cluster membership, broadcast events to `replication` gen_event.
% Listeners will get `{cluster, stable}` or `{cluster, unstable}` events.
%
% Cluster stability is defined as "there have been no nodes added or removed in
% last `QuietPeriod` seconds". QuietPeriod value is configurable. To ensure a
% speedier startup, during initialization there is a shorter StartupPeriod
% in effect (also configurable).
%
% This module is also in charge of calculating ownership of replications based
% on where their _replicator db documents shards live.


-module(couch_replicator_clustering).

-behaviour(gen_server).
-behaviour(config_listener).
-behaviour(mem3_cluster).

-export([
    start_link/0
]).

-export([
    init/1,
    terminate/2,
    handle_call/3,
    handle_info/2,
    handle_cast/2,
    code_change/3
]).

-export([
    owner/2,
    is_stable/0,
    link_cluster_event_listener/3
]).

% config_listener callbacks
-export([
    handle_config_change/5,
    handle_config_terminate/3
]).

% mem3_cluster callbacks
-export([
    cluster_stable/1,
    cluster_unstable/1
]).

-include_lib("couch/include/couch_db.hrl").
-include_lib("mem3/include/mem3.hrl").

-define(DEFAULT_QUIET_PERIOD, 60). % seconds
-define(DEFAULT_START_PERIOD, 5). % seconds
-define(RELISTEN_DELAY, 5000).

-record(state, {
    mem3_cluster_pid :: pid(),
    cluster_stable :: boolean()
}).


-spec start_link() -> {ok, pid()} | ignore | {error, term()}.
start_link() ->
    gen_server:start_link({local, ?MODULE}, ?MODULE, [], []).


% owner/2 function computes ownership for a {DbName, DocId} tuple
% `unstable` if cluster is considered to be unstable i.e. it has changed
% recently, or returns node() which of the owner.
%
-spec owner(Dbname :: binary(), DocId :: binary()) -> node() | unstable.
owner(<<"shards/", _/binary>> = DbName, DocId) ->
    case is_stable() of
        false ->
            unstable;
        true ->
            owner_int(DbName, DocId)
    end;
owner(_DbName, _DocId) ->
    node().


-spec is_stable() -> true | false.
is_stable() ->
    gen_server:call(?MODULE, is_stable).


-spec link_cluster_event_listener(atom(), atom(), list()) -> pid().
link_cluster_event_listener(Mod, Fun, Args)
        when is_atom(Mod), is_atom(Fun), is_list(Args) ->
    CallbackFun =
        fun(Event = {cluster, _}) -> erlang:apply(Mod, Fun, Args ++ [Event]);
           (_) -> ok
        end,
    {ok, Pid} = couch_replicator_notifier:start_link(CallbackFun),
    Pid.


% Mem3 cluster callbacks

cluster_unstable(Server) ->
    ok = gen_server:call(Server, set_unstable),
    couch_replicator_notifier:notify({cluster, unstable}),
    couch_stats:update_gauge([couch_replicator, cluster_is_stable], 0),
    couch_log:notice("~s : cluster unstable", [?MODULE]),
    Server.

cluster_stable(Server) ->
    ok = gen_server:call(Server, set_stable),
    couch_replicator_notifier:notify({cluster, stable}),
    couch_stats:update_gauge([couch_replicator, cluster_is_stable], 1),
    couch_log:notice("~s : cluster stable", [?MODULE]),
    Server.


% gen_server callbacks

init([]) ->
    ok = config:listen_for_changes(?MODULE, nil),
    Period = abs(config:get_integer("replicator", "cluster_quiet_period",
        ?DEFAULT_QUIET_PERIOD)),
    StartPeriod = abs(config:get_integer("replicator", "cluster_start_period",
        ?DEFAULT_START_PERIOD)),
    couch_stats:update_gauge([couch_replicator, cluster_is_stable], 0),
    {ok, Mem3Cluster} = mem3_cluster:start_link(?MODULE, self(), StartPeriod,
        Period),
    {ok, #state{mem3_cluster_pid = Mem3Cluster, cluster_stable = false}}.


terminate(_Reason, _State) ->
    ok.


handle_call(is_stable, _From, #state{cluster_stable = IsStable} = State) ->
    {reply, IsStable, State};

handle_call(set_stable, _From, State) ->
    {reply, ok, State#state{cluster_stable = true}};

handle_call(set_unstable, _From, State) ->
    {reply, ok, State#state{cluster_stable = false}}.


handle_cast({set_period, Period}, #state{mem3_cluster_pid = Pid} = State) ->
    ok = mem3_cluster:set_period(Pid, Period),
    {noreply, State}.


handle_info(restart_config_listener, State) ->
    ok = config:listen_for_changes(?MODULE, nil),
    {noreply, State}.


code_change(_OldVsn, State, _Extra) ->
    {ok, State}.


%% Internal functions


handle_config_change("replicator", "cluster_quiet_period", V, _, S) ->
    ok = gen_server:cast(?MODULE, {set_period, list_to_integer(V)}),
    {ok, S};
handle_config_change(_, _, _, _, S) ->
    {ok, S}.


handle_config_terminate(_, stop, _) -> ok;
handle_config_terminate(_S, _R, _St) ->
    Pid = whereis(?MODULE),
    erlang:send_after(?RELISTEN_DELAY, Pid, restart_config_listener).


-spec owner_int(binary(), binary()) -> node().
owner_int(ShardName, DocId) ->
    DbName = mem3:dbname(ShardName),
    Live = [node() | nodes()],
    Shards = mem3:shards(DbName, DocId),
    Nodes = [N || #shard{node=N} <- Shards, lists:member(N, Live)],
    mem3:owner(DbName, DocId, Nodes).


-ifdef(TEST).

-include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").


replicator_clustering_test_() ->
    {
        foreach,
        fun setup/0,
        fun teardown/1,
        [
            t_stable_callback(),
            t_unstable_callback()
        ]
    }.


t_stable_callback() ->
    ?_test(begin
        ?assertEqual(false, is_stable()),
        cluster_stable(whereis(?MODULE)),
        ?assertEqual(true, is_stable())
    end).


t_unstable_callback() ->
    ?_test(begin
        cluster_stable(whereis(?MODULE)),
        ?assertEqual(true, is_stable()),
        cluster_unstable(whereis(?MODULE)),
        ?assertEqual(false, is_stable())
    end).


setup() ->
    meck:expect(couch_log, notice, 2, ok),
    meck:expect(config, get, fun(_, _, Default) -> Default end),
    meck:expect(config, listen_for_changes, 2, ok),
    meck:expect(couch_stats, update_gauge, 2, ok),
    meck:expect(couch_replicator_notifier, notify, 1, ok),
    {ok, Pid} = start_link(),
    Pid.


teardown(Pid) ->
    unlink(Pid),
    exit(Pid, kill),
    meck:unload().

-endif.