/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

/**
 * Test cases for {@link LogNormalDistribution}. Extends
 * {@link ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest}. See class javadoc of that class
 * for details.
 */
class LogNormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {

    //---------------------- Override tolerance --------------------------------

    @BeforeEach
    void customSetUp() {
        setTolerance(1e-10);
    }

    //-------------- Implementations for abstract methods ----------------------

    @Override
    public LogNormalDistribution makeDistribution() {
        return new LogNormalDistribution(2.1, 1.4);
    }

    @Override
    public double[] makeCumulativeTestPoints() {
        // quantiles computed using R
        return new double[] {-2.226325228634938, -1.156887023657177,
                             -0.643949578356075, -0.2027950777320613,
                             0.305827808237559, 6.42632522863494,
                             5.35688702365718, 4.843949578356074,
                             4.40279507773206, 3.89417219176244};
    }

    @Override
    public double[] makeCumulativeTestValues() {
        return new double[] {0, 0, 0, 0, 0.00948199951485, 0.432056525076,
                             0.381648158697, 0.354555726206, 0.329513316888,
                             0.298422824228};
    }

    @Override
    public double[] makeDensityTestValues() {
        return new double[] {0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0594218160072, 0.0436977691036,
                             0.0508364857798, 0.054873528325, 0.0587182664085,
                             0.0636229042785};
    }

    @Override
    public double[] makeInverseCumulativeTestPoints() {
        // Exclude the test points less than zero, as they have cumulative
        // probability of zero, meaning the inverse returns zero, and not the
        // points less than zero.
        final double[] points = makeCumulativeTestValues();
        final double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 4];
        System.arraycopy(points, 4, points2, 0, points2.length - 4);
        return points2;
        //return Arrays.copyOfRange(points, 4, points.length - 4);
    }

    @Override
    public double[] makeInverseCumulativeTestValues() {
        // Exclude the test points less than zero, as they have cumulative
        // probability of zero, meaning the inverse returns zero, and not the
        // points less than zero.
        final double[] points = makeCumulativeTestPoints();
        final double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 4];
        System.arraycopy(points, 4, points2, 0, points2.length - 4);
        return points2;
        //return Arrays.copyOfRange(points, 1, points.length - 4);
    }

    @Override
    public double[] makeCumulativePrecisionTestPoints() {
        return new double[] {4e-5, 7e-5};
    }

    @Override
    public double[] makeCumulativePrecisionTestValues() {
        // These were created using WolframAlpha
        return new double[] {1.2366527173500762e-18, 3.9216120913158885e-17};
    }

    @Override
    public double[] makeSurvivalPrecisionTestPoints() {
        return new double[] {999999, 2e6};
    }

    @Override
    public double[] makeSurvivalPrecisionTestValues() {
        // These were created using WolframAlpha
        return new double[] {2.924727705260493e-17, 3.8830698713006447e-19};
    }

    //-------------------- Additional test cases -------------------------------

    private void verifyQuantiles() {
        final LogNormalDistribution distribution = (LogNormalDistribution)getDistribution();
        final double mu = distribution.getScale();
        final double sigma = distribution.getShape();
        setCumulativeTestPoints(new double[] {mu - 2 * sigma, mu - sigma,
                                              mu,             mu + sigma,
                                              mu + 2 * sigma, mu + 3 * sigma,
                                              mu + 4 * sigma, mu + 5 * sigma});
        verifyCumulativeProbabilities();
    }

    @Test
    void testQuantiles() {
        setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0, 0.0396495152787,
                                              0.16601209243, 0.272533253269,
                                              0.357618409638, 0.426488363093,
                                              0.483255136841, 0.530823013877});
        setDensityTestValues(new double[] {0, 0.0873055825147, 0.0847676303432,
                                           0.0677935186237, 0.0544105523058,
                                           0.0444614628804, 0.0369750288945,
                                           0.0312206409653});
        verifyQuantiles();
        verifyDensities();

        setDistribution(new LogNormalDistribution(0, 1));
        setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0, 0, 0, 0.5, 0.755891404214,
                                              0.864031392359, 0.917171480998,
                                              0.946239689548});
        setDensityTestValues(new double[] {0, 0, 0, 0.398942280401,
                                           0.156874019279, 0.07272825614,
                                           0.0381534565119, 0.0218507148303});
        verifyQuantiles();
        verifyDensities();

        setDistribution(new LogNormalDistribution(0, 0.1));
        setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0, 0, 0, 1.28417563064e-117,
                                              1.39679883412e-58,
                                              1.09839325447e-33,
                                              2.52587961726e-20,
                                              2.0824223487e-12});
        setDensityTestValues(new double[] {0, 0, 0, 2.96247992535e-114,
                                           1.1283370232e-55, 4.43812313223e-31,
                                           5.85346445002e-18,
                                           2.9446618076e-10});
        verifyQuantiles();
        verifyDensities();
    }

    @Test
    void testInverseCumulativeProbabilityExtremes() {
        setInverseCumulativeTestPoints(new double[] {0, 1});
        setInverseCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY});
        verifyInverseCumulativeProbabilities();
    }

    @Test
    void testCumulativeProbabilityExtremes() {
        // Use a small shape parameter so that we can exceed 40 * shape
        setDistribution(new LogNormalDistribution(1, 0.0001));
        setCumulativeTestPoints(new double[] {0.5, 10});
        setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0, 1.0});
        verifyCumulativeProbabilities();
    }

    @Test
    void testSurvivalProbabilityExtremes() {
        // Use a small shape parameter so that we can exceed 40 * shape
        setDistribution(new LogNormalDistribution(1, 0.0001));
        setCumulativeTestPoints(new double[] {0.5, 10});
        setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0, 1.0});
        verifySurvivalProbability();
    }

    @Test
    void testParameterAccessors() {
        final LogNormalDistribution distribution = (LogNormalDistribution)getDistribution();
        Assertions.assertEquals(2.1, distribution.getScale());
        Assertions.assertEquals(1.4, distribution.getShape());
    }

    @Test
    void testConstructorPrecondition1() {
        Assertions.assertThrows(DistributionException.class, () -> new LogNormalDistribution(1, 0));
    }

    @Test
    void testMoments() {
        final double tol = 1e-9;
        LogNormalDistribution dist;

        dist = new LogNormalDistribution(0, 1);
        Assertions.assertEquals(1.6487212707001282, dist.getMean(), tol);
        Assertions.assertEquals(4.670774270471604, dist.getVariance(), tol);

        dist = new LogNormalDistribution(2.2, 1.4);
        Assertions.assertEquals(24.046753552064498, dist.getMean(), tol);
        Assertions.assertEquals(3526.913651880464, dist.getVariance(), tol);

        dist = new LogNormalDistribution(-2000.9, 10.4);
        Assertions.assertEquals(0.0, dist.getMean(), tol);
        Assertions.assertEquals(0.0, dist.getVariance(), tol);
    }

    @Test
    void testDensity() {
        final double[] x = new double[]{-2, -1, 0, 1, 2};
        // R 2.13: print(dlnorm(c(-2,-1,0,1,2)), digits=10)
        checkDensity(0, 1, x, new double[] {0.0000000000, 0.0000000000,
                                            0.0000000000, 0.3989422804,
                                            0.1568740193});
        // R 2.13: print(dlnorm(c(-2,-1,0,1,2), mean=1.1), digits=10)
        checkDensity(1.1, 1, x, new double[] {0.0000000000, 0.0000000000,
                                              0.0000000000, 0.2178521770,
                                              0.1836267118});
    }

    private void checkDensity(double scale,
                              double shape,
                              double[] x,
                              double[] expected) {
        final LogNormalDistribution d = new LogNormalDistribution(scale, shape);
        for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
            Assertions.assertEquals(expected[i], d.density(x[i]), 1e-9);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Check to make sure top-coding of extreme values works correctly.
     * Verifies fixes for JIRA MATH-167, MATH-414
     */
    @Test
    void testExtremeValues() {
        final LogNormalDistribution d = new LogNormalDistribution(0, 1);
        for (int i = 0; i < 1e5; i++) { // make sure no convergence exception
            final double upperTail = d.cumulativeProbability(i);
            if (i <= 72) { // make sure not top-coded
                Assertions.assertTrue(upperTail < 1.0d);
            } else { // make sure top coding not reversed
                Assertions.assertTrue(upperTail > 0.99999);
            }
        }

        Assertions.assertEquals(1, d.cumulativeProbability(Double.MAX_VALUE));
        Assertions.assertEquals(0, d.cumulativeProbability(-Double.MAX_VALUE));
        Assertions.assertEquals(1, d.cumulativeProbability(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY));
        Assertions.assertEquals(0, d.cumulativeProbability(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY));
    }

    @Test
    void testTinyVariance() {
        final LogNormalDistribution dist = new LogNormalDistribution(0, 1e-9);
        final double t = dist.getVariance();
        Assertions.assertEquals(1e-18, t, 1e-20);
    }
}