/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

//
// Here are the dbcp-specific classes.
// Note that they are only used in the setupDriver
// method. In normal use, your classes interact
// only with the standard JDBC API
//
import org.apache.commons.pool.ObjectPool;
import org.apache.commons.pool.impl.GenericObjectPool;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolingDriver;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolableConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.DriverManagerConnectionFactory;

//
// Here's a simple example of how to use the PoolingDriver.
// In this example, we'll construct the PoolingDriver manually,
// just to show how the pieces fit together, but you could also
// configure it using an external conifguration file in
// JOCL format (and eventually Digester).
//

//
// To compile this example, you'll want:
//  * commons-pool-1.5.4.jar
//  * commons-dbcp-1.2.2.jar
// in your classpath.
//
// To run this example, you'll want:
//  * commons-collections.jar
//  * commons-pool-1.5.4.jar
//  * commons-dbcp-1.2.2.jar
//  * the classes for your (underlying) JDBC driver
// in your classpath.
//
// Invoke the class using two arguments:
//  * the connect string for your underlying JDBC driver
//  * the query you'd like to execute
// You'll also want to ensure your underlying JDBC driver
// is registered.  You can use the "jdbc.drivers"
// property to do this.
//
// For example:
//  java -Djdbc.drivers=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver \
//       -classpath commons-pool-1.5.3.jar:commons-dbcp-1.2.2.jar:oracle-jdbc.jar:. \
//       ManualPoolingDriverExample \
//       "jdbc:oracle:thin:scott/tiger@myhost:1521:mysid" \
//       "SELECT * FROM DUAL"
//
public class ManualPoolingDriverExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //
        // First we load the underlying JDBC driver.
        // You need this if you don't use the jdbc.drivers
        // system property.
        //
        System.out.println("Loading underlying JDBC driver.");
        try {
            Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("Done.");

        //
        // Then we set up and register the PoolingDriver.
        // Normally this would be handled auto-magically by
        // an external configuration, but in this example we'll
        // do it manually.
        //
        System.out.println("Setting up driver.");
        try {
            setupDriver(args[0]);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("Done.");

        //
        // Now, we can use JDBC as we normally would.
        // Using the connect string
        //  jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:example
        // The general form being:
        //  jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:<name-of-pool>
        //

        Connection conn = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rset = null;

        try {
            System.out.println("Creating connection.");
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:example");
            System.out.println("Creating statement.");
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
            System.out.println("Executing statement.");
            rset = stmt.executeQuery(args[1]);
            System.out.println("Results:");
            int numcols = rset.getMetaData().getColumnCount();
            while(rset.next()) {
                for(int i=1;i<=numcols;i++) {
                    System.out.print("\t" + rset.getString(i));
                }
                System.out.println("");
            }
        } catch(SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try { if (rset != null) rset.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
            try { if (stmt != null) stmt.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
            try { if (conn != null) conn.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
        }

        // Display some pool statistics
        try {
            printDriverStats();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // closes the pool
        try {
            shutdownDriver();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void setupDriver(String connectURI) throws Exception {
        //
        // First, we'll need a ObjectPool that serves as the
        // actual pool of connections.
        //
        // We'll use a GenericObjectPool instance, although
        // any ObjectPool implementation will suffice.
        //
        ObjectPool connectionPool = new GenericObjectPool(null);

        //
        // Next, we'll create a ConnectionFactory that the
        // pool will use to create Connections.
        // We'll use the DriverManagerConnectionFactory,
        // using the connect string passed in the command line
        // arguments.
        //
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new DriverManagerConnectionFactory(connectURI,null);

        //
        // Now we'll create the PoolableConnectionFactory, which wraps
        // the "real" Connections created by the ConnectionFactory with
        // the classes that implement the pooling functionality.
        //
        PoolableConnectionFactory poolableConnectionFactory = new PoolableConnectionFactory(connectionFactory,connectionPool,null,null,false,true);

        //
        // Finally, we create the PoolingDriver itself...
        //
        Class.forName("org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolingDriver");
        PoolingDriver driver = (PoolingDriver) DriverManager.getDriver("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:");

        //
        // ...and register our pool with it.
        //
        driver.registerPool("example",connectionPool);

        //
        // Now we can just use the connect string "jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:example"
        // to access our pool of Connections.
        //
    }

    public static void printDriverStats() throws Exception {
        PoolingDriver driver = (PoolingDriver) DriverManager.getDriver("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:");
        ObjectPool connectionPool = driver.getConnectionPool("example");
        
        System.out.println("NumActive: " + connectionPool.getNumActive());
        System.out.println("NumIdle: " + connectionPool.getNumIdle());
    }

    public static void shutdownDriver() throws Exception {
        PoolingDriver driver = (PoolingDriver) DriverManager.getDriver("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:");
        driver.closePool("example");
    }
}