// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.
package com.cloud.vm;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import javax.ejb.Local;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.naming.ConfigurationException;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import org.apache.cloudstack.acl.ControlledEntity.ACLType;
import org.apache.cloudstack.acl.SecurityChecker.AccessType;
import org.apache.cloudstack.affinity.AffinityGroupService;
import org.apache.cloudstack.affinity.AffinityGroupVO;
import org.apache.cloudstack.affinity.dao.AffinityGroupDao;
import org.apache.cloudstack.affinity.dao.AffinityGroupVMMapDao;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.ApiConstants;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.BaseCmd.HTTPMethod;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.admin.vm.AssignVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.admin.vm.ExpungeVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.admin.vm.RecoverVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.AddNicToVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.DeployVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.DestroyVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.RebootVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.RemoveNicFromVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.ResetVMPasswordCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.ResetVMSSHKeyCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.RestoreVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.ScaleVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.StartVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.UpdateDefaultNicForVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.UpdateVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vm.UpgradeVMCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vmgroup.CreateVMGroupCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.vmgroup.DeleteVMGroupCmd;
import org.apache.cloudstack.context.CallContext;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.cloud.entity.api.VirtualMachineEntity;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.orchestration.service.NetworkOrchestrationService;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.orchestration.service.VolumeOrchestrationService;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.service.api.OrchestrationService;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.subsystem.api.storage.DataStore;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.subsystem.api.storage.DataStoreManager;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.subsystem.api.storage.TemplateDataFactory;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.subsystem.api.storage.VolumeDataFactory;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.subsystem.api.storage.VolumeInfo;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.subsystem.api.storage.VolumeService;
import org.apache.cloudstack.engine.subsystem.api.storage.VolumeService.VolumeApiResult;
import org.apache.cloudstack.framework.async.AsyncCallFuture;
import org.apache.cloudstack.framework.config.ConfigKey;
import org.apache.cloudstack.framework.config.Configurable;
import org.apache.cloudstack.framework.config.dao.ConfigurationDao;
import org.apache.cloudstack.framework.jobs.AsyncJobManager;
import org.apache.cloudstack.managed.context.ManagedContextRunnable;
import org.apache.cloudstack.storage.command.DettachCommand;
import org.apache.cloudstack.storage.datastore.db.PrimaryDataStoreDao;
import org.apache.cloudstack.storage.datastore.db.StoragePoolVO;

import com.cloud.agent.AgentManager;
import com.cloud.agent.api.Answer;
import com.cloud.agent.api.Command;
import com.cloud.agent.api.GetVmDiskStatsAnswer;
import com.cloud.agent.api.GetVmDiskStatsCommand;
import com.cloud.agent.api.GetVmStatsAnswer;
import com.cloud.agent.api.GetVmStatsCommand;
import com.cloud.agent.api.PvlanSetupCommand;
import com.cloud.agent.api.StartAnswer;
import com.cloud.agent.api.VmDiskStatsEntry;
import com.cloud.agent.api.VmStatsEntry;
import com.cloud.agent.api.to.DataTO;
import com.cloud.agent.api.to.DiskTO;
import com.cloud.agent.api.to.NicTO;
import com.cloud.agent.api.to.VirtualMachineTO;
import com.cloud.agent.manager.Commands;
import com.cloud.alert.AlertManager;
import com.cloud.api.ApiDBUtils;
import com.cloud.api.query.dao.UserVmJoinDao;
import com.cloud.capacity.Capacity;
import com.cloud.capacity.CapacityManager;
import com.cloud.configuration.Config;
import com.cloud.configuration.ConfigurationManager;
import com.cloud.configuration.Resource.ResourceType;
import com.cloud.dc.DataCenter;
import com.cloud.dc.DataCenter.NetworkType;
import com.cloud.dc.DataCenterVO;
import com.cloud.dc.DedicatedResourceVO;
import com.cloud.dc.HostPodVO;
import com.cloud.dc.dao.ClusterDao;
import com.cloud.dc.dao.DataCenterDao;
import com.cloud.dc.dao.DedicatedResourceDao;
import com.cloud.dc.dao.HostPodDao;
import com.cloud.deploy.DataCenterDeployment;
import com.cloud.deploy.DeployDestination;
import com.cloud.deploy.DeploymentPlanner;
import com.cloud.deploy.DeploymentPlanner.ExcludeList;
import com.cloud.deploy.DeploymentPlanningManager;
import com.cloud.deploy.PlannerHostReservationVO;
import com.cloud.deploy.dao.PlannerHostReservationDao;
import com.cloud.domain.DomainVO;
import com.cloud.domain.dao.DomainDao;
import com.cloud.event.ActionEvent;
import com.cloud.event.EventTypes;
import com.cloud.event.UsageEventUtils;
import com.cloud.event.UsageEventVO;
import com.cloud.event.dao.UsageEventDao;
import com.cloud.exception.AgentUnavailableException;
import com.cloud.exception.CloudException;
import com.cloud.exception.ConcurrentOperationException;
import com.cloud.exception.InsufficientCapacityException;
import com.cloud.exception.InvalidParameterValueException;
import com.cloud.exception.ManagementServerException;
import com.cloud.exception.OperationTimedoutException;
import com.cloud.exception.PermissionDeniedException;
import com.cloud.exception.ResourceAllocationException;
import com.cloud.exception.ResourceUnavailableException;
import com.cloud.exception.StorageUnavailableException;
import com.cloud.exception.VirtualMachineMigrationException;
import com.cloud.gpu.GPU;
import com.cloud.ha.HighAvailabilityManager;
import com.cloud.host.Host;
import com.cloud.host.HostVO;
import com.cloud.host.dao.HostDao;
import com.cloud.hypervisor.Hypervisor.HypervisorType;
import com.cloud.hypervisor.HypervisorCapabilitiesVO;
import com.cloud.hypervisor.dao.HypervisorCapabilitiesDao;
import com.cloud.network.Network;
import com.cloud.network.Network.IpAddresses;
import com.cloud.network.Network.Provider;
import com.cloud.network.Network.Service;
import com.cloud.network.NetworkModel;
import com.cloud.network.Networks.TrafficType;
import com.cloud.network.PhysicalNetwork;
import com.cloud.network.dao.FirewallRulesDao;
import com.cloud.network.dao.IPAddressDao;
import com.cloud.network.dao.IPAddressVO;
import com.cloud.network.dao.LoadBalancerVMMapDao;
import com.cloud.network.dao.LoadBalancerVMMapVO;
import com.cloud.network.dao.NetworkDao;
import com.cloud.network.dao.NetworkServiceMapDao;
import com.cloud.network.dao.NetworkVO;
import com.cloud.network.dao.PhysicalNetworkDao;
import com.cloud.network.element.UserDataServiceProvider;
import com.cloud.network.guru.NetworkGuru;
import com.cloud.network.lb.LoadBalancingRulesManager;
import com.cloud.network.rules.FirewallManager;
import com.cloud.network.rules.FirewallRuleVO;
import com.cloud.network.rules.PortForwardingRuleVO;
import com.cloud.network.rules.RulesManager;
import com.cloud.network.rules.dao.PortForwardingRulesDao;
import com.cloud.network.security.SecurityGroup;
import com.cloud.network.security.SecurityGroupManager;
import com.cloud.network.security.dao.SecurityGroupDao;
import com.cloud.network.security.dao.SecurityGroupVMMapDao;
import com.cloud.network.vpc.VpcManager;
import com.cloud.network.vpc.dao.VpcDao;
import com.cloud.offering.NetworkOffering;
import com.cloud.offering.NetworkOffering.Availability;
import com.cloud.offering.ServiceOffering;
import com.cloud.offerings.NetworkOfferingVO;
import com.cloud.offerings.dao.NetworkOfferingDao;
import com.cloud.org.Cluster;
import com.cloud.org.Grouping;
import com.cloud.projects.ProjectManager;
import com.cloud.resource.ResourceManager;
import com.cloud.resource.ResourceState;
import com.cloud.server.ConfigurationServer;
import com.cloud.service.ServiceOfferingVO;
import com.cloud.service.dao.ServiceOfferingDao;
import com.cloud.service.dao.ServiceOfferingDetailsDao;
import com.cloud.storage.DataStoreRole;
import com.cloud.storage.DiskOfferingVO;
import com.cloud.storage.GuestOSCategoryVO;
import com.cloud.storage.GuestOSVO;
import com.cloud.storage.SnapshotVO;
import com.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.cloud.storage.Storage.ImageFormat;
import com.cloud.storage.Storage.TemplateType;
import com.cloud.storage.StorageManager;
import com.cloud.storage.StoragePool;
import com.cloud.storage.StoragePoolStatus;
import com.cloud.storage.VMTemplateVO;
import com.cloud.storage.VMTemplateZoneVO;
import com.cloud.storage.Volume;
import com.cloud.storage.VolumeApiService;
import com.cloud.storage.VolumeVO;
import com.cloud.storage.dao.DiskOfferingDao;
import com.cloud.storage.dao.GuestOSCategoryDao;
import com.cloud.storage.dao.GuestOSDao;
import com.cloud.storage.dao.SnapshotDao;
import com.cloud.storage.dao.VMTemplateDao;
import com.cloud.storage.dao.VMTemplateDetailsDao;
import com.cloud.storage.dao.VMTemplateZoneDao;
import com.cloud.storage.dao.VolumeDao;
import com.cloud.storage.snapshot.SnapshotManager;
import com.cloud.tags.dao.ResourceTagDao;
import com.cloud.template.TemplateManager;
import com.cloud.template.VirtualMachineTemplate;
import com.cloud.user.Account;
import com.cloud.user.AccountManager;
import com.cloud.user.AccountService;
import com.cloud.user.ResourceLimitService;
import com.cloud.user.SSHKeyPair;
import com.cloud.user.SSHKeyPairVO;
import com.cloud.user.User;
import com.cloud.user.UserVO;
import com.cloud.user.VmDiskStatisticsVO;
import com.cloud.user.dao.AccountDao;
import com.cloud.user.dao.SSHKeyPairDao;
import com.cloud.user.dao.UserDao;
import com.cloud.user.dao.VmDiskStatisticsDao;
import com.cloud.uservm.UserVm;
import com.cloud.utils.DateUtil;
import com.cloud.utils.Journal;
import com.cloud.utils.NumbersUtil;
import com.cloud.utils.Pair;
import com.cloud.utils.PasswordGenerator;
import com.cloud.utils.component.ManagerBase;
import com.cloud.utils.concurrency.NamedThreadFactory;
import com.cloud.utils.crypt.RSAHelper;
import com.cloud.utils.db.DB;
import com.cloud.utils.db.EntityManager;
import com.cloud.utils.db.GlobalLock;
import com.cloud.utils.db.SearchCriteria;
import com.cloud.utils.db.Transaction;
import com.cloud.utils.db.TransactionCallbackNoReturn;
import com.cloud.utils.db.TransactionCallbackWithException;
import com.cloud.utils.db.TransactionCallbackWithExceptionNoReturn;
import com.cloud.utils.db.TransactionStatus;
import com.cloud.utils.db.UUIDManager;
import com.cloud.utils.exception.CloudRuntimeException;
import com.cloud.utils.exception.ExecutionException;
import com.cloud.utils.fsm.NoTransitionException;
import com.cloud.utils.net.NetUtils;
import com.cloud.vm.VirtualMachine.State;
import com.cloud.vm.dao.InstanceGroupDao;
import com.cloud.vm.dao.InstanceGroupVMMapDao;
import com.cloud.vm.dao.NicDao;
import com.cloud.vm.dao.SecondaryStorageVmDao;
import com.cloud.vm.dao.UserVmCloneSettingDao;
import com.cloud.vm.dao.UserVmDao;
import com.cloud.vm.dao.UserVmDetailsDao;
import com.cloud.vm.dao.VMInstanceDao;
import com.cloud.vm.snapshot.VMSnapshot;
import com.cloud.vm.snapshot.VMSnapshotManager;
import com.cloud.vm.snapshot.VMSnapshotVO;
import com.cloud.vm.snapshot.dao.VMSnapshotDao;

@Local(value = {UserVmManager.class, UserVmService.class})
public class UserVmManagerImpl extends ManagerBase implements UserVmManager, VirtualMachineGuru, UserVmService, Configurable {
    private static final Logger s_logger = Logger.getLogger(UserVmManagerImpl.class);

    private static final int ACQUIRE_GLOBAL_LOCK_TIMEOUT_FOR_COOPERATION = 3; // 3

    // seconds

    public enum UserVmCloneType {
        full, linked
    }

    @Inject
    EntityManager _entityMgr;
    @Inject
    protected HostDao _hostDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected ServiceOfferingDao _offeringDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected DiskOfferingDao _diskOfferingDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected VMTemplateDao _templateDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected VMTemplateDetailsDao _templateDetailsDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected VMTemplateZoneDao _templateZoneDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected DomainDao _domainDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected UserVmCloneSettingDao _vmCloneSettingDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected UserVmDao _vmDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected UserVmJoinDao _vmJoinDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected VolumeDao _volsDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected DataCenterDao _dcDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected FirewallRulesDao _rulesDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected LoadBalancerVMMapDao _loadBalancerVMMapDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected PortForwardingRulesDao _portForwardingDao;
    @Inject
    protected IPAddressDao _ipAddressDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected HostPodDao _podDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected NetworkModel _networkModel = null;
    @Inject
    protected NetworkOrchestrationService _networkMgr = null;
    @Inject
    protected StorageManager _storageMgr = null;
    @Inject
    protected SnapshotManager _snapshotMgr = null;
    @Inject
    protected AgentManager _agentMgr = null;
    @Inject
    protected ConfigurationManager _configMgr = null;
    @Inject
    protected AccountDao _accountDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected UserDao _userDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected SnapshotDao _snapshotDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected GuestOSDao _guestOSDao = null;
    @Inject
    protected HighAvailabilityManager _haMgr = null;
    @Inject
    protected AlertManager _alertMgr = null;
    @Inject
    protected AccountManager _accountMgr;
    @Inject
    protected AccountService _accountService;
    @Inject
    protected AsyncJobManager _asyncMgr;
    @Inject
    protected ClusterDao _clusterDao;
    @Inject
    protected PrimaryDataStoreDao _storagePoolDao;
    @Inject
    protected SecurityGroupManager _securityGroupMgr;
    @Inject
    protected ServiceOfferingDao _serviceOfferingDao;
    @Inject
    protected NetworkOfferingDao _networkOfferingDao;
    @Inject
    protected InstanceGroupDao _vmGroupDao;
    @Inject
    protected InstanceGroupVMMapDao _groupVMMapDao;
    @Inject
    protected VirtualMachineManager _itMgr;
    @Inject
    protected NetworkDao _networkDao;
    @Inject
    protected NicDao _nicDao;
    @Inject
    protected ServiceOfferingDao _offerringDao;
    @Inject
    protected VpcDao _vpcDao;
    @Inject
    protected RulesManager _rulesMgr;
    @Inject
    protected LoadBalancingRulesManager _lbMgr;
    @Inject
    protected SSHKeyPairDao _sshKeyPairDao;
    @Inject
    protected UserVmDetailsDao _vmDetailsDao;
    @Inject
    protected HypervisorCapabilitiesDao _hypervisorCapabilitiesDao;
    @Inject
    protected SecurityGroupDao _securityGroupDao;
    @Inject
    protected CapacityManager _capacityMgr;
    @Inject
    protected VMInstanceDao _vmInstanceDao;
    @Inject
    protected ResourceLimitService _resourceLimitMgr;
    @Inject
    protected FirewallManager _firewallMgr;
    @Inject
    protected ProjectManager _projectMgr;
    @Inject
    protected ResourceManager _resourceMgr;
    @Inject
    protected NetworkServiceMapDao _ntwkSrvcDao;
    @Inject
    SecurityGroupVMMapDao _securityGroupVMMapDao;
    @Inject
    protected ItWorkDao _workDao;
    @Inject
    ResourceTagDao _resourceTagDao;
    @Inject
    PhysicalNetworkDao _physicalNetworkDao;
    @Inject
    VpcManager _vpcMgr;
    @Inject
    TemplateManager _templateMgr;
    @Inject
    protected GuestOSCategoryDao _guestOSCategoryDao;
    @Inject
    UsageEventDao _usageEventDao;
    @Inject
    SecondaryStorageVmDao _secondaryDao;
    @Inject
    VmDiskStatisticsDao _vmDiskStatsDao;
    @Inject
    protected VMSnapshotDao _vmSnapshotDao;
    @Inject
    protected VMSnapshotManager _vmSnapshotMgr;
    @Inject
    AffinityGroupVMMapDao _affinityGroupVMMapDao;
    @Inject
    AffinityGroupDao _affinityGroupDao;
    @Inject
    TemplateDataFactory templateFactory;
    @Inject
    DedicatedResourceDao _dedicatedDao;
    @Inject
    ConfigurationServer _configServer;
    @Inject
    AffinityGroupService _affinityGroupService;
    @Inject
    PlannerHostReservationDao _plannerHostReservationDao;
    @Inject
    private ServiceOfferingDetailsDao serviceOfferingDetailsDao;
    @Inject
    VolumeService _volService;
    @Inject
    VolumeDataFactory volFactory;
    @Inject
    UserVmDetailsDao _uservmDetailsDao;
    @Inject
    UUIDManager _uuidMgr;
    @Inject
    DeploymentPlanningManager _planningMgr;
    @Inject
    VolumeApiService _volumeService;
    @Inject
    DataStoreManager _dataStoreMgr;

    protected ScheduledExecutorService _executor = null;
    protected int _expungeInterval;
    protected int _expungeDelay;
    protected boolean _dailyOrHourly = false;
    private int capacityReleaseInterval;

    protected String _instance;
    protected String _zone;
    protected boolean _instanceNameFlag;
    protected int _scaleRetry;

    @Inject
    ConfigurationDao _configDao;
    private static final int MAX_VM_NAME_LEN = 80;
    private static final int MAX_HTTP_GET_LENGTH = 2 * MAX_USER_DATA_LENGTH_BYTES;
    private static final int MAX_HTTP_POST_LENGTH = 16 * MAX_USER_DATA_LENGTH_BYTES;

    @Inject
    protected OrchestrationService _orchSrvc;

    @Inject
    VolumeOrchestrationService volumeMgr;

    @Override
    public UserVmVO getVirtualMachine(long vmId) {
        return _vmDao.findById(vmId);
    }

    @Override
    public List<? extends UserVm> getVirtualMachines(long hostId) {
        return _vmDao.listByHostId(hostId);
    }

    protected void resourceLimitCheck(Account owner, Boolean displayVm, Long cpu, Long memory) throws ResourceAllocationException {
        _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(owner, ResourceType.user_vm, displayVm);
        _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(owner, ResourceType.cpu, displayVm, cpu);
        _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(owner, ResourceType.memory, displayVm, memory);
    }

    protected void resourceCountIncrement(long accountId, Boolean displayVm, Long cpu, Long memory) {
        _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(accountId, ResourceType.user_vm, displayVm);
        _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(accountId, ResourceType.cpu, displayVm, cpu);
        _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(accountId, ResourceType.memory, displayVm, memory);
    }

    protected void resourceCountDecrement(long accountId, Boolean displayVm, Long cpu, Long memory) {
        _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(accountId, ResourceType.user_vm, displayVm);
        _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(accountId, ResourceType.cpu, displayVm, cpu);
        _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(accountId, ResourceType.memory, displayVm, memory);
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_RESETPASSWORD, eventDescription = "resetting Vm password", async = true)
    public UserVm resetVMPassword(ResetVMPasswordCmd cmd, String password) throws ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException {
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        Long vmId = cmd.getId();
        UserVmVO userVm = _vmDao.findById(cmd.getId());
        _vmDao.loadDetails(userVm);

        // Do parameters input validation
        if (userVm == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with id " + cmd.getId());
        }

        VMTemplateVO template = _templateDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(userVm.getTemplateId());
        if (template == null || !template.getEnablePassword()) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Fail to reset password for the virtual machine, the template is not password enabled");
        }

        if (userVm.getState() == State.Error || userVm.getState() == State.Expunging) {
            s_logger.error("vm is not in the right state: " + vmId);
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Vm with id " + vmId + " is not in the right state");
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, userVm);

        boolean result = resetVMPasswordInternal(vmId, password);

        if (result) {
            userVm.setPassword(password);
            // update the password in vm_details table too
            // Check if an SSH key pair was selected for the instance and if so
            // use it to encrypt & save the vm password
            encryptAndStorePassword(userVm, password);
        } else {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to reset password for the virtual machine ");
        }

        return userVm;
    }

    private boolean resetVMPasswordInternal(Long vmId, String password) throws ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException {
        Long userId = CallContext.current().getCallingUserId();
        VMInstanceVO vmInstance = _vmDao.findById(vmId);

        if (password == null || password.equals("")) {
            return false;
        }

        VMTemplateVO template = _templateDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vmInstance.getTemplateId());
        if (template.getEnablePassword()) {
            Nic defaultNic = _networkModel.getDefaultNic(vmId);
            if (defaultNic == null) {
                s_logger.error("Unable to reset password for vm " + vmInstance + " as the instance doesn't have default nic");
                return false;
            }

            Network defaultNetwork = _networkDao.findById(defaultNic.getNetworkId());
            NicProfile defaultNicProfile = new NicProfile(defaultNic, defaultNetwork, null, null, null, _networkModel.isSecurityGroupSupportedInNetwork(defaultNetwork),
                    _networkModel.getNetworkTag(template.getHypervisorType(), defaultNetwork));
            VirtualMachineProfile vmProfile = new VirtualMachineProfileImpl(vmInstance);
            vmProfile.setParameter(VirtualMachineProfile.Param.VmPassword, password);

            UserDataServiceProvider element = _networkMgr.getPasswordResetProvider(defaultNetwork);
            if (element == null) {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("Can't find network element for " + Service.UserData.getName() + " provider needed for password reset");
            }

            boolean result = element.savePassword(defaultNetwork, defaultNicProfile, vmProfile);

            // Need to reboot the virtual machine so that the password gets
            // redownloaded from the DomR, and reset on the VM
            if (!result) {
                s_logger.debug("Failed to reset password for the virutal machine; no need to reboot the vm");
                return false;
            } else {
                if (vmInstance.getState() == State.Stopped) {
                    s_logger.debug("Vm " + vmInstance + " is stopped, not rebooting it as a part of password reset");
                    return true;
                }

                if (rebootVirtualMachine(userId, vmId) == null) {
                    s_logger.warn("Failed to reboot the vm " + vmInstance);
                    return false;
                } else {
                    s_logger.debug("Vm " + vmInstance + " is rebooted successfully as a part of password reset");
                    return true;
                }
            }
        } else {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("Reset password called for a vm that is not using a password enabled template");
            }
            return false;
        }
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_RESETSSHKEY, eventDescription = "resetting Vm SSHKey", async = true)
    public UserVm resetVMSSHKey(ResetVMSSHKeyCmd cmd) throws ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException {

        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        Account owner = _accountMgr.finalizeOwner(caller, cmd.getAccountName(), cmd.getDomainId(), cmd.getProjectId());
        Long vmId = cmd.getId();

        UserVmVO userVm = _vmDao.findById(cmd.getId());
        if (userVm == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine by id" + cmd.getId());
        }

        _vmDao.loadDetails(userVm);
        VMTemplateVO template = _templateDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(userVm.getTemplateId());

        // Do parameters input validation

        if (userVm.getState() == State.Error || userVm.getState() == State.Expunging) {
            s_logger.error("vm is not in the right state: " + vmId);
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Vm with specified id is not in the right state");
        }
        if (userVm.getState() != State.Stopped) {
            s_logger.error("vm is not in the right state: " + vmId);
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Vm " + userVm + " should be stopped to do SSH Key reset");
        }

        SSHKeyPairVO s = _sshKeyPairDao.findByName(owner.getAccountId(), owner.getDomainId(), cmd.getName());
        if (s == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("A key pair with name '" + cmd.getName() + "' does not exist for account " + owner.getAccountName()
                    + " in specified domain id");
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, userVm);
        String password = null;
        String sshPublicKey = s.getPublicKey();
        if (template != null && template.getEnablePassword()) {
            password = generateRandomPassword();
        }

        boolean result = resetVMSSHKeyInternal(vmId, sshPublicKey, password);

        if (result) {
            userVm.setDetail("SSH.PublicKey", sshPublicKey);
            if (template != null && template.getEnablePassword()) {
                userVm.setPassword(password);
                //update the encrypted password in vm_details table too
                encryptAndStorePassword(userVm, password);
            }
            _vmDao.saveDetails(userVm);
        } else {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to reset SSH Key for the virtual machine ");
        }
        return userVm;
    }

    private boolean resetVMSSHKeyInternal(Long vmId, String sshPublicKey, String password) throws ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException {
        Long userId = CallContext.current().getCallingUserId();
        VMInstanceVO vmInstance = _vmDao.findById(vmId);

        VMTemplateVO template = _templateDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vmInstance.getTemplateId());
        Nic defaultNic = _networkModel.getDefaultNic(vmId);
        if (defaultNic == null) {
            s_logger.error("Unable to reset SSH Key for vm " + vmInstance + " as the instance doesn't have default nic");
            return false;
        }

        Network defaultNetwork = _networkDao.findById(defaultNic.getNetworkId());
        NicProfile defaultNicProfile = new NicProfile(defaultNic, defaultNetwork, null, null, null, _networkModel.isSecurityGroupSupportedInNetwork(defaultNetwork),
                _networkModel.getNetworkTag(template.getHypervisorType(), defaultNetwork));

        VirtualMachineProfile vmProfile = new VirtualMachineProfileImpl(vmInstance);

        if (template != null && template.getEnablePassword()) {
            vmProfile.setParameter(VirtualMachineProfile.Param.VmPassword, password);
        }

        UserDataServiceProvider element = _networkMgr.getSSHKeyResetProvider(defaultNetwork);
        if (element == null) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Can't find network element for " + Service.UserData.getName() + " provider needed for SSH Key reset");
        }
        boolean result = element.saveSSHKey(defaultNetwork, defaultNicProfile, vmProfile, sshPublicKey);

        // Need to reboot the virtual machine so that the password gets redownloaded from the DomR, and reset on the VM
        if (!result) {
            s_logger.debug("Failed to reset SSH Key for the virutal machine; no need to reboot the vm");
            return false;
        } else {
            if (vmInstance.getState() == State.Stopped) {
                s_logger.debug("Vm " + vmInstance + " is stopped, not rebooting it as a part of SSH Key reset");
                return true;
            }
            if (rebootVirtualMachine(userId, vmId) == null) {
                s_logger.warn("Failed to reboot the vm " + vmInstance);
                return false;
            } else {
                s_logger.debug("Vm " + vmInstance + " is rebooted successfully as a part of SSH Key reset");
                return true;
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean stopVirtualMachine(long userId, long vmId) {
        boolean status = false;
        if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            s_logger.debug("Stopping vm=" + vmId);
        }
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm == null || vm.getRemoved() != null) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("VM is either removed or deleted.");
            }
            return true;
        }

        _userDao.findById(userId);
        try {
            VirtualMachineEntity vmEntity = _orchSrvc.getVirtualMachine(vm.getUuid());
            status = vmEntity.stop(Long.toString(userId));
        } catch (ResourceUnavailableException e) {
            s_logger.debug("Unable to stop due to ", e);
            status = false;
        } catch (CloudException e) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to contact the agent to stop the virtual machine " + vm, e);
        }

        if (status) {
            return status;
        } else {
            return status;
        }
    }

    private UserVm rebootVirtualMachine(long userId, long vmId) throws InsufficientCapacityException, ResourceUnavailableException {
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);

        if (vm == null || vm.getState() == State.Destroyed || vm.getState() == State.Expunging || vm.getRemoved() != null) {
            s_logger.warn("Vm id=" + vmId + " doesn't exist");
            return null;
        }

        if (vm.getState() == State.Running && vm.getHostId() != null) {
            collectVmDiskStatistics(vm);
            _itMgr.reboot(vm.getUuid(), null);
            return _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        } else {
            s_logger.error("Vm id=" + vmId + " is not in Running state, failed to reboot");
            return null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_UPGRADE, eventDescription = "upgrading Vm")
    /*
     * TODO: cleanup eventually - Refactored API call
     */
    // This method will be deprecated as we use ScaleVMCmd for both stopped VMs and running VMs
    public UserVm upgradeVirtualMachine(UpgradeVMCmd cmd) throws ResourceAllocationException {
        Long vmId = cmd.getId();
        Long svcOffId = cmd.getServiceOfferingId();
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();

        // Verify input parameters
        //UserVmVO vmInstance = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        VMInstanceVO vmInstance = _vmInstanceDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vmInstance == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with id " + vmId);
        } else if (!(vmInstance.getState().equals(State.Stopped))) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to upgrade virtual machine " + vmInstance.toString() + " " + " in state " + vmInstance.getState()
                    + "; make sure the virtual machine is stopped");
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, vmInstance);

        // Check resource limits for CPU and Memory.
        Map<String, String> customParameters = cmd.getDetails();
        ServiceOfferingVO newServiceOffering = _offeringDao.findById(svcOffId);
        if (newServiceOffering.isDynamic()) {
            newServiceOffering.setDynamicFlag(true);
            validateCustomParameters(newServiceOffering, cmd.getDetails());
            newServiceOffering = _offeringDao.getcomputeOffering(newServiceOffering, customParameters);
        }
        ServiceOfferingVO currentServiceOffering = _offeringDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vmInstance.getId(), vmInstance.getServiceOfferingId());

        int newCpu = newServiceOffering.getCpu();
        int newMemory = newServiceOffering.getRamSize();
        int currentCpu = currentServiceOffering.getCpu();
        int currentMemory = currentServiceOffering.getRamSize();

        if (newCpu > currentCpu) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(caller, ResourceType.cpu, newCpu - currentCpu);
        }
        if (newMemory > currentMemory) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(caller, ResourceType.memory, newMemory - currentMemory);
        }

        // Check that the specified service offering ID is valid
        _itMgr.checkIfCanUpgrade(vmInstance, newServiceOffering);

        // remove diskAndMemory VM snapshots
        List<VMSnapshotVO> vmSnapshots = _vmSnapshotDao.findByVm(vmId);
        for (VMSnapshotVO vmSnapshotVO : vmSnapshots) {
            if (vmSnapshotVO.getType() == VMSnapshot.Type.DiskAndMemory) {
                if (!_vmSnapshotMgr.deleteAllVMSnapshots(vmId, VMSnapshot.Type.DiskAndMemory)) {
                    String errMsg = "Failed to remove VM snapshot during upgrading, snapshot id " + vmSnapshotVO.getId();
                    s_logger.debug(errMsg);
                    throw new CloudRuntimeException(errMsg);
                }

            }
        }

        _itMgr.upgradeVmDb(vmId, svcOffId);
        if (newServiceOffering.isDynamic()) {
            //save the custom values to the database.
            saveCustomOfferingDetails(vmId, newServiceOffering);
        }
        if (currentServiceOffering.isDynamic() && !newServiceOffering.isDynamic()) {
            removeCustomOfferingDetails(vmId);
        }

        // Increment or decrement CPU and Memory count accordingly.
        if (newCpu > currentCpu) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.cpu, new Long(newCpu - currentCpu));
        } else if (currentCpu > newCpu) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.cpu, new Long(currentCpu - newCpu));
        }
        if (newMemory > currentMemory) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.memory, new Long(newMemory - currentMemory));
        } else if (currentMemory > newMemory) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.memory, new Long(currentMemory - newMemory));
        }

        // Generate usage event for VM upgrade
        UserVmVO userVm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        generateUsageEvent( userVm, userVm.isDisplayVm(), EventTypes.EVENT_VM_UPGRADE);

        return userVm;
    }

    @Override
    public void validateCustomParameters(ServiceOfferingVO serviceOffering, Map<String, String> customParameters) {
        if (customParameters.size() != 0) {
            if (serviceOffering.getCpu() == null) {
                String cpuNumber = customParameters.get(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.cpuNumber.name());
                if ((cpuNumber == null) || (NumbersUtil.parseInt(cpuNumber, -1) <= 0 || NumbersUtil.parseInt(cpuNumber, -1) > 2147483647)) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Invalid cpu cores value, specify a value between 1 and 2147483647");
                }
            } else if (customParameters.containsKey(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.cpuNumber.name())) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("The cpu cores of this offering id:" + serviceOffering.getId()
                        + " is not customizable. This is predefined in the template.");
            }

            if (serviceOffering.getSpeed() == null) {
                String cpuSpeed = customParameters.get(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.cpuSpeed.name());
                if ((cpuSpeed == null) || (NumbersUtil.parseInt(cpuSpeed, -1) <= 0 || NumbersUtil.parseInt(cpuSpeed, -1) > 2147483647)) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Invalid cpu speed value, specify a value between 1 and 2147483647");
                }
            } else if (customParameters.containsKey(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.cpuSpeed.name())) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("The cpu speed of this offering id:" + serviceOffering.getId()
                        + " is not customizable. This is predefined in the template.");
            }

            if (serviceOffering.getRamSize() == null) {
                String memory = customParameters.get(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.memory.name());
                if (memory == null || (NumbersUtil.parseInt(memory, -1) < 32 || NumbersUtil.parseInt(memory, -1) > 2147483647)) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Invalid memory value, specify a value between 32 and 2147483647 MB");
                }
            } else if (customParameters.containsKey(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.memory.name())) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("The memory of this offering id:" + serviceOffering.getId() + " is not customizable. This is predefined in the template.");
            }
        } else {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Need to specify custom parameter values cpu, cpu speed and memory when using custom offering");
        }
    }

    private UserVm upgradeStoppedVirtualMachine(Long vmId, Long svcOffId, Map<String, String> customParameters) throws ResourceAllocationException {
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();

        // Verify input parameters
        //UserVmVO vmInstance = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        VMInstanceVO vmInstance = _vmInstanceDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vmInstance == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with id " + vmId);
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, vmInstance);

        // Check resource limits for CPU and Memory.
        ServiceOfferingVO newServiceOffering = _offeringDao.findById(svcOffId);
        if (newServiceOffering.isDynamic()) {
            newServiceOffering.setDynamicFlag(true);
            validateCustomParameters(newServiceOffering, customParameters);
            newServiceOffering = _offeringDao.getcomputeOffering(newServiceOffering, customParameters);
        }
        ServiceOfferingVO currentServiceOffering = _offeringDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vmInstance.getId(), vmInstance.getServiceOfferingId());

        int newCpu = newServiceOffering.getCpu();
        int newMemory = newServiceOffering.getRamSize();
        int currentCpu = currentServiceOffering.getCpu();
        int currentMemory = currentServiceOffering.getRamSize();

        if (newCpu > currentCpu) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(caller, ResourceType.cpu, newCpu - currentCpu);
        }
        if (newMemory > currentMemory) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(caller, ResourceType.memory, newMemory - currentMemory);
        }

        // Check that the specified service offering ID is valid
        _itMgr.checkIfCanUpgrade(vmInstance, newServiceOffering);

        // remove diskAndMemory VM snapshots
        List<VMSnapshotVO> vmSnapshots = _vmSnapshotDao.findByVm(vmId);
        for (VMSnapshotVO vmSnapshotVO : vmSnapshots) {
            if (vmSnapshotVO.getType() == VMSnapshot.Type.DiskAndMemory) {
                if (!_vmSnapshotMgr.deleteAllVMSnapshots(vmId, VMSnapshot.Type.DiskAndMemory)) {
                    String errMsg = "Failed to remove VM snapshot during upgrading, snapshot id " + vmSnapshotVO.getId();
                    s_logger.debug(errMsg);
                    throw new CloudRuntimeException(errMsg);
                }

            }
        }

        _itMgr.upgradeVmDb(vmId, svcOffId);
        if (newServiceOffering.isDynamic()) {
            //save the custom values to the database.
            saveCustomOfferingDetails(vmId, newServiceOffering);
        }
        if (currentServiceOffering.isDynamic() && !newServiceOffering.isDynamic()) {
            removeCustomOfferingDetails(vmId);
        }

        // Increment or decrement CPU and Memory count accordingly.
        if (newCpu > currentCpu) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.cpu, new Long(newCpu - currentCpu));
        } else if (currentCpu > newCpu) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.cpu, new Long(currentCpu - newCpu));
        }
        if (newMemory > currentMemory) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.memory, new Long(newMemory - currentMemory));
        } else if (currentMemory > newMemory) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.memory, new Long(currentMemory - newMemory));
        }

        return _vmDao.findById(vmInstance.getId());

    }

    @Override
    public UserVm addNicToVirtualMachine(AddNicToVMCmd cmd) throws InvalidParameterValueException, PermissionDeniedException, CloudRuntimeException {
        Long vmId = cmd.getVmId();
        Long networkId = cmd.getNetworkId();
        String ipAddress = cmd.getIpAddress();

        UserVmVO vmInstance = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vmInstance == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with id " + vmId);
        }
        NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(networkId);
        if (network == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a network with id " + networkId);
        }


        List<NicVO> allNics = _nicDao.listByVmId(vmInstance.getId());
        for (NicVO nic : allNics) {
            if (nic.getNetworkId() == network.getId())
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("A NIC already exists for VM:" + vmInstance.getInstanceName() + " in network: " + network.getUuid());
        }

        NicProfile profile = new NicProfile(null, null);
        if (ipAddress != null) {
            profile = new NicProfile(ipAddress, null);
        }

        // Verify that zone is not Basic
        DataCenterVO dc = _dcDao.findById(vmInstance.getDataCenterId());
        if (dc.getNetworkType() == DataCenter.NetworkType.Basic) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Zone " + vmInstance.getDataCenterId() + ", has a NetworkType of Basic. Can't add a new NIC to a VM on a Basic Network");
        }

        //ensure network belongs in zone
        if (network.getDataCenterId() != vmInstance.getDataCenterId()) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException(vmInstance + " is in zone:" + vmInstance.getDataCenterId() + " but " + network + " is in zone:" + network.getDataCenterId());
        }

        // Get all vms hostNames in the network
        List<String> hostNames = _vmInstanceDao.listDistinctHostNames(network.getId());
        // verify that there are no duplicates, listDistictHostNames could return hostNames even if the NIC
        //in the network is removed, so also check if the NIC is present and then throw an exception.
        //This will also check if there are multiple nics of same vm in the network
        if (hostNames.contains(vmInstance.getHostName())) {
            for (String hostName : hostNames) {
                VMInstanceVO vm = _vmInstanceDao.findVMByHostName(hostName);
                if (_networkModel.getNicInNetwork(vm.getId(), network.getId()) != null && vm.getHostName().equals(vmInstance.getHostName())) {
                    throw new CloudRuntimeException(network + " already has a vm with host name: " + vmInstance.getHostName());
                }
            }
        }

        NicProfile guestNic = null;

        try {
            guestNic = _itMgr.addVmToNetwork(vmInstance, network, profile);
        } catch (ResourceUnavailableException e) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to add NIC to " + vmInstance + ": " + e);
        } catch (InsufficientCapacityException e) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Insufficient capacity when adding NIC to " + vmInstance + ": " + e);
        } catch (ConcurrentOperationException e) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Concurrent operations on adding NIC to " + vmInstance + ": " + e);
        }
        if (guestNic == null) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to add NIC to " + vmInstance);
        }

        s_logger.debug("Successful addition of " + network + " from " + vmInstance);
        return _vmDao.findById(vmInstance.getId());
    }

    @Override
    public UserVm removeNicFromVirtualMachine(RemoveNicFromVMCmd cmd) throws InvalidParameterValueException, PermissionDeniedException, CloudRuntimeException {
        Long vmId = cmd.getVmId();
        Long nicId = cmd.getNicId();
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();

        UserVmVO vmInstance = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vmInstance == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with id " + vmId);
        }
        NicVO nic = _nicDao.findById(nicId);
        if (nic == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a nic with id " + nicId);
        }
        NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(nic.getNetworkId());
        if (network == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a network with id " + nic.getNetworkId());
        }

        // Perform permission check on VM
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, vmInstance);

        // Verify that zone is not Basic
        DataCenterVO dc = _dcDao.findById(vmInstance.getDataCenterId());
        if (dc.getNetworkType() == DataCenter.NetworkType.Basic) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Zone " + vmInstance.getDataCenterId() + ", has a NetworkType of Basic. Can't remove a NIC from a VM on a Basic Network");
        }

        //check to see if nic is attached to VM
        if (nic.getInstanceId() != vmId) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException(nic + " is not a nic on  " + vmInstance);
        }

        // Perform account permission check on network
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, AccessType.UseEntry, network);

        boolean nicremoved = false;

        try {
            nicremoved = _itMgr.removeNicFromVm(vmInstance, nic);
        } catch (ResourceUnavailableException e) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to remove " + network + " from " + vmInstance + ": " + e);

        } catch (ConcurrentOperationException e) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Concurrent operations on removing " + network + " from " + vmInstance + ": " + e);
        }

        if (!nicremoved) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to remove " + network + " from " + vmInstance);
        }

        s_logger.debug("Successful removal of " + network + " from " + vmInstance);
        return _vmDao.findById(vmInstance.getId());

    }

    @Override
    public UserVm updateDefaultNicForVirtualMachine(UpdateDefaultNicForVMCmd cmd) throws InvalidParameterValueException, CloudRuntimeException {
        Long vmId = cmd.getVmId();
        Long nicId = cmd.getNicId();
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();

        UserVmVO vmInstance = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vmInstance == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with id " + vmId);
        }
        NicVO nic = _nicDao.findById(nicId);
        if (nic == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a nic with id " + nicId);
        }
        NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(nic.getNetworkId());
        if (network == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a network with id " + nic.getNetworkId());
        }

        // Perform permission check on VM
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, vmInstance);

        // Verify that zone is not Basic
        DataCenterVO dc = _dcDao.findById(vmInstance.getDataCenterId());
        if (dc.getNetworkType() == DataCenter.NetworkType.Basic) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Zone " + vmInstance.getDataCenterId() + ", has a NetworkType of Basic. Can't change default NIC on a Basic Network");
        }

        // no need to check permissions for network, we'll enumerate the ones they already have access to
        Network existingdefaultnet = _networkModel.getDefaultNetworkForVm(vmId);

        //check to see if nic is attached to VM
        if (nic.getInstanceId() != vmId) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException(nic + " is not a nic on  " + vmInstance);
        }
        // if current default equals chosen new default, Throw an exception
        if (nic.isDefaultNic()) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("refusing to set default nic because chosen nic is already the default");
        }

        //make sure the VM is Running or Stopped
        if ((vmInstance.getState() != State.Running) && (vmInstance.getState() != State.Stopped)) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("refusing to set default " + vmInstance + " is not Running or Stopped");
        }

        NicProfile existing = null;
        List<NicProfile> nicProfiles = _networkMgr.getNicProfiles(vmInstance);
        for (NicProfile nicProfile : nicProfiles) {
            if (nicProfile.isDefaultNic() && nicProfile.getNetworkId() == existingdefaultnet.getId()) {
                existing = nicProfile;
                continue;
            }
        }

        if (existing == null) {
            s_logger.warn("Failed to update default nic, no nic profile found for existing default network");
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to find a nic profile for the existing default network. This is bad and probably means some sort of configuration corruption");
        }

        Network oldDefaultNetwork = null;
        oldDefaultNetwork = _networkModel.getDefaultNetworkForVm(vmId);
        String oldNicIdString = Long.toString(_networkModel.getDefaultNic(vmId).getId());
        long oldNetworkOfferingId = -1L;

        if (oldDefaultNetwork != null) {
            oldNetworkOfferingId = oldDefaultNetwork.getNetworkOfferingId();
        }
        NicVO existingVO = _nicDao.findById(existing.id);
        Integer chosenID = nic.getDeviceId();
        Integer existingID = existing.getDeviceId();

        nic.setDefaultNic(true);
        nic.setDeviceId(existingID);
        existingVO.setDefaultNic(false);
        existingVO.setDeviceId(chosenID);

        nic = _nicDao.persist(nic);
        existingVO = _nicDao.persist(existingVO);

        Network newdefault = null;
        newdefault = _networkModel.getDefaultNetworkForVm(vmId);

        if (newdefault == null) {
            nic.setDefaultNic(false);
            nic.setDeviceId(chosenID);
            existingVO.setDefaultNic(true);
            existingVO.setDeviceId(existingID);

            nic = _nicDao.persist(nic);
            existingVO = _nicDao.persist(existingVO);

            newdefault = _networkModel.getDefaultNetworkForVm(vmId);
            if (newdefault.getId() == existingdefaultnet.getId()) {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("Setting a default nic failed, and we had no default nic, but we were able to set it back to the original");
            }
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to change default nic to " + nic + " and now we have no default");
        } else if (newdefault.getId() == nic.getNetworkId()) {
            s_logger.debug("successfully set default network to " + network + " for " + vmInstance);
            String nicIdString = Long.toString(nic.getId());
            long newNetworkOfferingId = network.getNetworkOfferingId();
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_NETWORK_OFFERING_REMOVE, vmInstance.getAccountId(), vmInstance.getDataCenterId(), vmInstance.getId(),
                    oldNicIdString, oldNetworkOfferingId, null, 1L, VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vmInstance.getUuid(), vmInstance.isDisplay());
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_NETWORK_OFFERING_ASSIGN, vmInstance.getAccountId(), vmInstance.getDataCenterId(), vmInstance.getId(), nicIdString,
                    newNetworkOfferingId, null, 1L, VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vmInstance.getUuid(), vmInstance.isDisplay());
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_NETWORK_OFFERING_REMOVE, vmInstance.getAccountId(), vmInstance.getDataCenterId(), vmInstance.getId(), nicIdString,
                    newNetworkOfferingId, null, 0L, VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vmInstance.getUuid(), vmInstance.isDisplay());
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_NETWORK_OFFERING_ASSIGN, vmInstance.getAccountId(), vmInstance.getDataCenterId(), vmInstance.getId(),
                    oldNicIdString, oldNetworkOfferingId, null, 0L, VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vmInstance.getUuid(), vmInstance.isDisplay());
            return _vmDao.findById(vmInstance.getId());
        }

        throw new CloudRuntimeException("something strange happened, new default network(" + newdefault.getId() + ") is not null, and is not equal to the network("
                + nic.getNetworkId() + ") of the chosen nic");
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_UPGRADE, eventDescription = "Upgrading VM", async = true)
    public UserVm upgradeVirtualMachine(ScaleVMCmd cmd) throws ResourceUnavailableException, ConcurrentOperationException, ManagementServerException,
            VirtualMachineMigrationException {

        Long vmId = cmd.getId();
        Long newServiceOfferingId = cmd.getServiceOfferingId();
        CallContext.current().setEventDetails("Vm Id: " + vmId);

        boolean result = upgradeVirtualMachine(vmId, newServiceOfferingId, cmd.getDetails());
        if (result) {
            UserVmVO vmInstance = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
            if (vmInstance.getState().equals(State.Stopped)) {
                // Generate usage event for VM upgrade
                generateUsageEvent(vmInstance, vmInstance.isDisplayVm(), EventTypes.EVENT_VM_UPGRADE);
            }
            if (vmInstance.getState().equals(State.Running)) {
                // Generate usage event for Dynamic scaling of VM
                generateUsageEvent( vmInstance, vmInstance.isDisplayVm(), EventTypes.EVENT_VM_DYNAMIC_SCALE);
            }
            return vmInstance;
        } else {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to scale the VM");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public HashMap<Long, List<VmDiskStatsEntry>> getVmDiskStatistics(long hostId, String hostName, List<Long> vmIds) throws CloudRuntimeException {
        HashMap<Long, List<VmDiskStatsEntry>> vmDiskStatsById = new HashMap<Long, List<VmDiskStatsEntry>>();

        if (vmIds.isEmpty()) {
            return vmDiskStatsById;
        }

        List<String> vmNames = new ArrayList<String>();

        for (Long vmId : vmIds) {
            UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
            vmNames.add(vm.getInstanceName());
        }

        Answer answer = _agentMgr.easySend(hostId, new GetVmDiskStatsCommand(vmNames, _hostDao.findById(hostId).getGuid(), hostName));
        if (answer == null || !answer.getResult()) {
            s_logger.warn("Unable to obtain VM disk statistics.");
            return null;
        } else {
            HashMap<String, List<VmDiskStatsEntry>> vmDiskStatsByName = ((GetVmDiskStatsAnswer)answer).getVmDiskStatsMap();

            if (vmDiskStatsByName == null) {
                s_logger.warn("Unable to obtain VM disk statistics.");
                return null;
            }

            for (String vmName : vmDiskStatsByName.keySet()) {
                vmDiskStatsById.put(vmIds.get(vmNames.indexOf(vmName)), vmDiskStatsByName.get(vmName));
            }
        }

        return vmDiskStatsById;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean upgradeVirtualMachine(Long vmId, Long newServiceOfferingId, Map<String, String> customParameters) throws ResourceUnavailableException,
            ConcurrentOperationException, ManagementServerException, VirtualMachineMigrationException {

        // Verify input parameters
        VMInstanceVO vmInstance = _vmInstanceDao.findById(vmId);

        if (vmInstance.getState().equals(State.Stopped)) {
            upgradeStoppedVirtualMachine(vmId, newServiceOfferingId, customParameters);
            return true;
        }
        if (vmInstance.getState().equals(State.Running)) {
            return upgradeRunningVirtualMachine(vmId, newServiceOfferingId, customParameters);
        }
        return false;
    }

    private boolean upgradeRunningVirtualMachine(Long vmId, Long newServiceOfferingId, Map<String, String> customParameters) throws ResourceUnavailableException,
            ConcurrentOperationException, ManagementServerException, VirtualMachineMigrationException {

        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        VMInstanceVO vmInstance = _vmInstanceDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vmInstance.getHypervisorType() != HypervisorType.XenServer && vmInstance.getHypervisorType() != HypervisorType.VMware) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("This operation not permitted for this hypervisor of the vm");
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, vmInstance);

        //Check if its a scale "up"
        ServiceOfferingVO newServiceOffering = _offeringDao.findById(newServiceOfferingId);
        if (newServiceOffering.isDynamic()) {
            newServiceOffering.setDynamicFlag(true);
            validateCustomParameters(newServiceOffering, customParameters);
            newServiceOffering = _offeringDao.getcomputeOffering(newServiceOffering, customParameters);
        }

        // Check that the specified service offering ID is valid
        _itMgr.checkIfCanUpgrade(vmInstance, newServiceOffering);

        ServiceOffering currentServiceOffering = _offeringDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vmInstance.getId(), vmInstance.getServiceOfferingId());
        int newCpu = newServiceOffering.getCpu();
        int newMemory = newServiceOffering.getRamSize();
        int newSpeed = newServiceOffering.getSpeed();
        int currentCpu = currentServiceOffering.getCpu();
        int currentMemory = currentServiceOffering.getRamSize();
        int currentSpeed = currentServiceOffering.getSpeed();
        int memoryDiff = newMemory - currentMemory;
        int cpuDiff = newCpu * newSpeed - currentCpu * currentSpeed;

        // Don't allow to scale when (Any of the new values less than current values) OR (All current and new values are same)
        if ((newSpeed < currentSpeed || newMemory < currentMemory || newCpu < currentCpu) || (newSpeed == currentSpeed && newMemory == currentMemory && newCpu == currentCpu)) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Only scaling up the vm is supported, new service offering(speed=" + newSpeed + ",cpu=" + newCpu + ",memory=," + newMemory
                    + ")" + " should have at least one value(cpu/ram) greater than old value and no resource value less than older(speed=" + currentSpeed + ",cpu=" + currentCpu
                    + ",memory=," + currentMemory + ")");
        }

        // Check resource limits
        if (newCpu > currentCpu) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(caller, ResourceType.cpu, newCpu - currentCpu);
        }
        if (newMemory > currentMemory) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(caller, ResourceType.memory, newMemory - currentMemory);
        }

        // Dynamically upgrade the running vms
        boolean success = false;
        if (vmInstance.getState().equals(State.Running)) {
            int retry = _scaleRetry;
            ExcludeList excludes = new ExcludeList();

            // Check zone wide flag
            boolean enableDynamicallyScaleVm = EnableDynamicallyScaleVm.valueIn(vmInstance.getDataCenterId());
            if (!enableDynamicallyScaleVm) {
               throw new PermissionDeniedException("Dynamically scaling virtual machines is disabled for this zone, please contact your admin");
            }

            // Check vm flag
            if (!vmInstance.isDynamicallyScalable()) {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to Scale the vm: " + vmInstance.getUuid() + " as vm does not have tools to support dynamic scaling");
            }

            // Check disable threshold for cluster is not crossed
            HostVO host = _hostDao.findById(vmInstance.getHostId());
            if (_capacityMgr.checkIfClusterCrossesThreshold(host.getClusterId(), cpuDiff, memoryDiff)) {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to scale vm: " + vmInstance.getUuid() + " due to insufficient resources");
            }

            while (retry-- != 0) { // It's != so that it can match -1.
                try {
                    boolean existingHostHasCapacity = false;

                    // Increment CPU and Memory count accordingly.
                    if (newCpu > currentCpu) {
                        _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.cpu, new Long(newCpu - currentCpu));
                    }

                    if (memoryDiff > 0) {
                        _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.memory, new Long(memoryDiff));
                    }

                    // #1 Check existing host has capacity
                    if (!excludes.shouldAvoid(ApiDBUtils.findHostById(vmInstance.getHostId()))) {
                        existingHostHasCapacity = _capacityMgr.checkIfHostHasCpuCapability(vmInstance.getHostId(), newCpu, newSpeed)
                                && _capacityMgr.checkIfHostHasCapacity(vmInstance.getHostId(), cpuDiff, (memoryDiff) * 1024L * 1024L, false,
                                        _capacityMgr.getClusterOverProvisioningFactor(host.getClusterId(), Capacity.CAPACITY_TYPE_CPU),
                                        _capacityMgr.getClusterOverProvisioningFactor(host.getClusterId(), Capacity.CAPACITY_TYPE_MEMORY), false);
                        excludes.addHost(vmInstance.getHostId());
                    }

                    // #2 migrate the vm if host doesn't have capacity or is in avoid set
                    if (!existingHostHasCapacity) {
                        _itMgr.findHostAndMigrate(vmInstance.getUuid(), newServiceOfferingId, excludes);
                    }

                    // #3 scale the vm now
                    _itMgr.upgradeVmDb(vmId, newServiceOfferingId);
                    if (newServiceOffering.isDynamic()) {
                        //save the custom values to the database.
                        saveCustomOfferingDetails(vmId, newServiceOffering);
                    }
                    vmInstance = _vmInstanceDao.findById(vmId);
                    _itMgr.reConfigureVm(vmInstance.getUuid(), currentServiceOffering, existingHostHasCapacity);
                    success = true;
                    if (currentServiceOffering.isDynamic() && !newServiceOffering.isDynamic()) {
                        removeCustomOfferingDetails(vmId);
                    }
                    return success;
                } catch (InsufficientCapacityException e) {
                    s_logger.warn("Received exception while scaling ", e);
                } catch (ResourceUnavailableException e) {
                    s_logger.warn("Received exception while scaling ", e);
                } catch (ConcurrentOperationException e) {
                    s_logger.warn("Received exception while scaling ", e);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    s_logger.warn("Received exception while scaling ", e);
                } finally {
                    if (!success) {
                        _itMgr.upgradeVmDb(vmId, currentServiceOffering.getId()); // rollback
                        if (newServiceOffering.isDynamic()) {
                            removeCustomOfferingDetails(vmId);
                        }
                        // Decrement CPU and Memory count accordingly.
                        if (newCpu > currentCpu) {
                            _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.cpu, new Long(newCpu - currentCpu));
                        }

                        if (memoryDiff > 0) {
                            _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(caller.getAccountId(), ResourceType.memory, new Long(memoryDiff));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return success;
    }

    @Override
    public void saveCustomOfferingDetails(long vmId, ServiceOffering serviceOffering) {
        //save the custom values to the database.
        Map<String, String> details = _uservmDetailsDao.listDetailsKeyPairs(vmId);
        details.put(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.cpuNumber.name(), serviceOffering.getCpu().toString());
        details.put(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.cpuSpeed.name(), serviceOffering.getSpeed().toString());
        details.put(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.memory.name(), serviceOffering.getRamSize().toString());
        List<UserVmDetailVO> detailList = new ArrayList<UserVmDetailVO>();
        for (String key : details.keySet()) {
            UserVmDetailVO detailVO = new UserVmDetailVO(vmId, key, details.get(key), true);
            detailList.add(detailVO);
        }
        _uservmDetailsDao.saveDetails(detailList);
    }

    @Override
    public void removeCustomOfferingDetails(long vmId) {
        Map<String, String> details = _uservmDetailsDao.listDetailsKeyPairs(vmId);
        details.remove(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.cpuNumber.name());
        details.remove(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.cpuSpeed.name());
        details.remove(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.memory.name());
        List<UserVmDetailVO> detailList = new ArrayList<UserVmDetailVO>();
        for (String key : details.keySet()) {
            UserVmDetailVO detailVO = new UserVmDetailVO(vmId, key, details.get(key), true);
            detailList.add(detailVO);
        }
        _uservmDetailsDao.saveDetails(detailList);
    }

    @Override
    public HashMap<Long, VmStatsEntry> getVirtualMachineStatistics(long hostId, String hostName, List<Long> vmIds) throws CloudRuntimeException {
        HashMap<Long, VmStatsEntry> vmStatsById = new HashMap<Long, VmStatsEntry>();

        if (vmIds.isEmpty()) {
            return vmStatsById;
        }

        List<String> vmNames = new ArrayList<String>();

        for (Long vmId : vmIds) {
            UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
            vmNames.add(vm.getInstanceName());
        }

        Answer answer = _agentMgr.easySend(hostId, new GetVmStatsCommand(vmNames, _hostDao.findById(hostId).getGuid(), hostName));
        if (answer == null || !answer.getResult()) {
            s_logger.warn("Unable to obtain VM statistics.");
            return null;
        } else {
            HashMap<String, VmStatsEntry> vmStatsByName = ((GetVmStatsAnswer)answer).getVmStatsMap();

            if (vmStatsByName == null) {
                s_logger.warn("Unable to obtain VM statistics.");
                return null;
            }

            for (String vmName : vmStatsByName.keySet()) {
                vmStatsById.put(vmIds.get(vmNames.indexOf(vmName)), vmStatsByName.get(vmName));
            }
        }

        return vmStatsById;
    }

    @Override
    @DB
    public UserVm recoverVirtualMachine(RecoverVMCmd cmd) throws ResourceAllocationException, CloudRuntimeException {

        final Long vmId = cmd.getId();
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();

        // Verify input parameters
        final UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId.longValue());

        if (vm == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with id " + vmId);
        }

        // check permissions
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, vm);

        if (vm.getRemoved() != null) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("Unable to find vm or vm is removed: " + vmId);
            }
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find vm by id " + vmId);
        }

        if (vm.getState() != State.Destroyed) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("vm is not in the right state: " + vmId);
            }
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Vm with id " + vmId + " is not in the right state");
        }

        if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            s_logger.debug("Recovering vm " + vmId);
        }

        Transaction.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithExceptionNoReturn<ResourceAllocationException>() {
            @Override
            public void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus status) throws ResourceAllocationException {

                Account account = _accountDao.lockRow(vm.getAccountId(), true);

        // if the account is deleted, throw error
        if (account.getRemoved() != null) {
                    throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to recover VM as the account is deleted");
        }

        // Get serviceOffering for Virtual Machine
                ServiceOfferingVO serviceOffering = _serviceOfferingDao.findById(vm.getId(), vm.getServiceOfferingId());

        // First check that the maximum number of UserVMs, CPU and Memory limit for the given
        // accountId will not be exceeded
                resourceLimitCheck(account, vm.isDisplayVm(), new Long(serviceOffering.getCpu()), new Long(serviceOffering.getRamSize()));

        _haMgr.cancelDestroy(vm, vm.getHostId());

        try {
                    if (!_itMgr.stateTransitTo(vm, VirtualMachine.Event.RecoveryRequested, null)) {
                        s_logger.debug("Unable to recover the vm because it is not in the correct state: " + vmId);
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to recover the vm because it is not in the correct state: " + vmId);
            }
        } catch (NoTransitionException e) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to recover the vm because it is not in the correct state: " + vmId);
        }

        // Recover the VM's disks
        List<VolumeVO> volumes = _volsDao.findByInstance(vmId);
        for (VolumeVO volume : volumes) {
            if (volume.getVolumeType().equals(Volume.Type.ROOT)) {
                // Create an event
                Long templateId = volume.getTemplateId();
                Long diskOfferingId = volume.getDiskOfferingId();
                Long offeringId = null;
                if (diskOfferingId != null) {
                            DiskOfferingVO offering = _diskOfferingDao.findById(diskOfferingId);
                            if (offering != null && (offering.getType() == DiskOfferingVO.Type.Disk)) {
                        offeringId = offering.getId();
                    }
                }
                UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_VOLUME_CREATE, volume.getAccountId(), volume.getDataCenterId(), volume.getId(), volume.getName(),
                        offeringId, templateId, volume.getSize(), Volume.class.getName(), volume.getUuid(), volume.isDisplayVolume());
            }
        }

        //Update Resource Count for the given account
                resourceCountIncrement(account.getId(), vm.isDisplayVm(), new Long(serviceOffering.getCpu()), new Long(serviceOffering.getRamSize()));
            }
        });

        return _vmDao.findById(vmId);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean configure(String name, Map<String, Object> params) throws ConfigurationException {
        _name = name;

        if (_configDao == null) {
            throw new ConfigurationException("Unable to get the configuration dao.");
        }

        Map<String, String> configs = _configDao.getConfiguration("AgentManager", params);

        _instance = configs.get("instance.name");
        if (_instance == null) {
            _instance = "DEFAULT";
        }

        String workers = configs.get("expunge.workers");
        int wrks = NumbersUtil.parseInt(workers, 10);
        capacityReleaseInterval = NumbersUtil.parseInt(_configDao.getValue(Config.CapacitySkipcountingHours.key()), 3600);

        String time = configs.get("expunge.interval");
        _expungeInterval = NumbersUtil.parseInt(time, 86400);
        time = configs.get("expunge.delay");
        _expungeDelay = NumbersUtil.parseInt(time, _expungeInterval);

        _executor = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(wrks, new NamedThreadFactory("UserVm-Scavenger"));

        String aggregationRange = configs.get("usage.stats.job.aggregation.range");
        int _usageAggregationRange  = NumbersUtil.parseInt(aggregationRange, 1440);
        int HOURLY_TIME = 60;
        final int DAILY_TIME = 60 * 24;
        if (_usageAggregationRange == DAILY_TIME) {
            _dailyOrHourly = true;
        } else if (_usageAggregationRange == HOURLY_TIME) {
            _dailyOrHourly = true;
        } else {
            _dailyOrHourly = false;
        }

        _itMgr.registerGuru(VirtualMachine.Type.User, this);

        VirtualMachine.State.getStateMachine().registerListener(new UserVmStateListener(_usageEventDao, _networkDao, _nicDao, _offeringDao, _vmDao, this));

        String value = _configDao.getValue(Config.SetVmInternalNameUsingDisplayName.key());
        _instanceNameFlag = (value == null) ? false : Boolean.parseBoolean(value);

       _scaleRetry = NumbersUtil.parseInt(configs.get(Config.ScaleRetry.key()), 2);

        s_logger.info("User VM Manager is configured.");

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return _name;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean start() {
        _executor.scheduleWithFixedDelay(new ExpungeTask(), _expungeInterval, _expungeInterval, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean stop() {
        _executor.shutdown();
        return true;
    }

    protected UserVmManagerImpl() {
    }

    public String getRandomPrivateTemplateName() {
        return UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean expunge(UserVmVO vm, long callerUserId, Account caller) {
        try {
            List<VolumeVO> rootVol = _volsDao.findByInstanceAndType(vm.getId(), Volume.Type.ROOT);
            // expunge the vm
            _itMgr.advanceExpunge(vm.getUuid());
            // Update Resource count
            if (vm.getAccountId() != Account.ACCOUNT_ID_SYSTEM && !rootVol.isEmpty()) {
                _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(vm.getAccountId(), ResourceType.volume);
                _resourceLimitMgr.recalculateResourceCount(vm.getAccountId(), vm.getDomainId(), ResourceType.primary_storage.getOrdinal());
            }

            // Only if vm is not expunged already, cleanup it's resources
            if (vm != null && vm.getRemoved() == null) {
                // Cleanup vm resources - all the PF/LB/StaticNat rules
                // associated with vm
                s_logger.debug("Starting cleaning up vm " + vm + " resources...");
                if (cleanupVmResources(vm.getId())) {
                    s_logger.debug("Successfully cleaned up vm " + vm + " resources as a part of expunge process");
                } else {
                    s_logger.warn("Failed to cleanup resources as a part of vm " + vm + " expunge");
                    return false;
                }

                _vmDao.remove(vm.getId());
            }

            return true;

        } catch (ResourceUnavailableException e) {
            s_logger.warn("Unable to expunge  " + vm, e);
            return false;
        } catch (OperationTimedoutException e) {
            s_logger.warn("Operation time out on expunging " + vm, e);
            return false;
        } catch (ConcurrentOperationException e) {
            s_logger.warn("Concurrent operations on expunging " + vm, e);
            return false;
        }
    }

    private boolean cleanupVmResources(long vmId) {
        boolean success = true;
        // Remove vm from security groups
        _securityGroupMgr.removeInstanceFromGroups(vmId);

        // Remove vm from instance group
        removeInstanceFromInstanceGroup(vmId);

        // cleanup firewall rules
        if (_firewallMgr.revokeFirewallRulesForVm(vmId)) {
            s_logger.debug("Firewall rules are removed successfully as a part of vm id=" + vmId + " expunge");
        } else {
            success = false;
            s_logger.warn("Fail to remove firewall rules as a part of vm id=" + vmId + " expunge");
        }

        // cleanup port forwarding rules
        if (_rulesMgr.revokePortForwardingRulesForVm(vmId)) {
            s_logger.debug("Port forwarding rules are removed successfully as a part of vm id=" + vmId + " expunge");
        } else {
            success = false;
            s_logger.warn("Fail to remove port forwarding rules as a part of vm id=" + vmId + " expunge");
        }

        // cleanup load balancer rules
        if (_lbMgr.removeVmFromLoadBalancers(vmId)) {
            s_logger.debug("Removed vm id=" + vmId + " from all load balancers as a part of expunge process");
        } else {
            success = false;
            s_logger.warn("Fail to remove vm id=" + vmId + " from load balancers as a part of expunge process");
        }

        // If vm is assigned to static nat, disable static nat for the ip
        // address and disassociate ip if elasticIP is enabled
        IPAddressVO ip = _ipAddressDao.findByAssociatedVmId(vmId);
        try {
            if (ip != null) {
                if (_rulesMgr.disableStaticNat(ip.getId(), _accountMgr.getAccount(Account.ACCOUNT_ID_SYSTEM), User.UID_SYSTEM, true)) {
                    s_logger.debug("Disabled 1-1 nat for ip address " + ip + " as a part of vm id=" + vmId + " expunge");
                } else {
                    s_logger.warn("Failed to disable static nat for ip address " + ip + " as a part of vm id=" + vmId + " expunge");
                    success = false;
                }
            }
        } catch (ResourceUnavailableException e) {
            success = false;
            s_logger.warn("Failed to disable static nat for ip address " + ip + " as a part of vm id=" + vmId + " expunge because resource is unavailable", e);
        }

        return success;
    }

    @Override
    public void deletePrivateTemplateRecord(Long templateId) {
        if (templateId != null) {
            _templateDao.remove(templateId);
        }
    }

    // used for vm transitioning to error state
    private void updateVmStateForFailedVmCreation(Long vmId, Long hostId) {

        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);

        if (vm != null) {
            if (vm.getState().equals(State.Stopped)) {
                s_logger.debug("Destroying vm " + vm + " as it failed to create on Host with Id:" + hostId);
                try {
                    _itMgr.stateTransitTo(vm, VirtualMachine.Event.OperationFailedToError, null);
                } catch (NoTransitionException e1) {
                    s_logger.warn(e1.getMessage());
                }
                // destroy associated volumes for vm in error state
                // get all volumes in non destroyed state
                List<VolumeVO> volumesForThisVm = _volsDao.findUsableVolumesForInstance(vm.getId());
                for (VolumeVO volume : volumesForThisVm) {
                    if (volume.getState() != Volume.State.Destroy) {
                        volumeMgr.destroyVolume(volume);
                    }
                }
                String msg = "Failed to deploy Vm with Id: " + vmId + ", on Host with Id: " + hostId;
                _alertMgr.sendAlert(AlertManager.AlertType.ALERT_TYPE_USERVM, vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getPodIdToDeployIn(), msg, msg);

                // Get serviceOffering for Virtual Machine
                ServiceOfferingVO offering = _serviceOfferingDao.findById(vm.getId(), vm.getServiceOfferingId());

                // Update Resource Count for the given account
                resourceCountDecrement(vm.getAccountId(), vm.isDisplayVm(), new Long(offering.getCpu()), new Long(offering.getRamSize()));
            }
        }
    }

    protected class ExpungeTask extends ManagedContextRunnable {
        public ExpungeTask() {
        }

        @Override
        protected void runInContext() {
            GlobalLock scanLock = GlobalLock.getInternLock("UserVMExpunge");
            try {
                if (scanLock.lock(ACQUIRE_GLOBAL_LOCK_TIMEOUT_FOR_COOPERATION)) {
                    try {
                        List<UserVmVO> vms = _vmDao.findDestroyedVms(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() - ((long)_expungeDelay << 10)));
                        if (s_logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                            if (vms.size() == 0) {
                                s_logger.trace("Found " + vms.size() + " vms to expunge.");
                            } else {
                                s_logger.info("Found " + vms.size() + " vms to expunge.");
                            }
                        }
                        for (UserVmVO vm : vms) {
                            try {
                                expunge(vm, _accountMgr.getSystemUser().getId(), _accountMgr.getSystemAccount());
                            } catch (Exception e) {
                                s_logger.warn("Unable to expunge " + vm, e);
                            }
                        }
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        s_logger.error("Caught the following Exception", e);
                    } finally {
                        scanLock.unlock();
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                scanLock.releaseRef();
            }
        }

    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_UPDATE, eventDescription = "updating Vm")
    public UserVm updateVirtualMachine(UpdateVMCmd cmd) throws ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException {
        String displayName = cmd.getDisplayName();
        String group = cmd.getGroup();
        Boolean ha = cmd.getHaEnable();
        Boolean isDisplayVm = cmd.getDisplayVm();
        Long id = cmd.getId();
        Long osTypeId = cmd.getOsTypeId();
        String userData = cmd.getUserData();
        Boolean isDynamicallyScalable = cmd.isDynamicallyScalable();
        String hostName = cmd.getHostName();
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();

        // Input validation and permission checks
        UserVmVO vmInstance = _vmDao.findById(id.longValue());
        if (vmInstance == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find virtual machine with id " + id);
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(CallContext.current().getCallingAccount(), null, vmInstance);

        //If the flag is specified and is changed
        if (isDisplayVm != null && isDisplayVm != vmInstance.isDisplayVm()) {

            //update vm
            vmInstance.setDisplayVm(isDisplayVm);

            // Resource limit changes
            ServiceOffering offering = _serviceOfferingDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vmInstance.getServiceOfferingId());
            _resourceLimitMgr.changeResourceCount(vmInstance.getAccountId(), ResourceType.user_vm, isDisplayVm);
            _resourceLimitMgr.changeResourceCount(vmInstance.getAccountId(), ResourceType.cpu, isDisplayVm, new Long(offering.getCpu()));
            _resourceLimitMgr.changeResourceCount(vmInstance.getAccountId(), ResourceType.memory, isDisplayVm, new Long(offering.getRamSize()));

            // Usage
            saveUsageEvent(vmInstance);

            // take care of the root volume as well.
            _volumeService.updateDisplay(_volsDao.findByInstanceAndType(id, Volume.Type.ROOT).get(0), isDisplayVm);

        }

        return updateVirtualMachine(id, displayName, group, ha, isDisplayVm, osTypeId, userData, isDynamicallyScalable, cmd.getHttpMethod(), cmd.getCustomId(), hostName);
    }

    private void usage(VirtualMachine vm){
        List<NicVO> nics = _nicDao.listByVmId(vm.getId());
        for (NicVO nic : nics) {
            NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(nic.getNetworkId());
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_NETWORK_OFFERING_REMOVE, vm.getAccountId(), vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getId(),
                    Long.toString(nic.getId()), network.getNetworkOfferingId(), null, 0L, vm.getClass().getName(), vm.getUuid(), vm.isDisplay());
        }
    }

    private void saveUsageEvent(UserVmVO vm) {

        // If vm not destroyed
        if( vm.getState() != State.Destroyed && vm.getState() != State.Expunging && vm.getState() != State.Error){

            if(vm.isDisplayVm()){
                //1. Allocated VM Usage Event
                generateUsageEvent(vm, true, EventTypes.EVENT_VM_CREATE);

                if(vm.getState() == State.Running || vm.getState() == State.Stopping){
                    //2. Running VM Usage Event
                    generateUsageEvent(vm, true, EventTypes.EVENT_VM_START);

                    // 3. Network offering usage
                    generateNetworkUsageForVm(vm, true, EventTypes.EVENT_NETWORK_OFFERING_ASSIGN);
                }

            }else {
                //1. Allocated VM Usage Event
                generateUsageEvent(vm, true, EventTypes.EVENT_VM_DESTROY);

                if(vm.getState() == State.Running || vm.getState() == State.Stopping){
                    //2. Running VM Usage Event
                    generateUsageEvent(vm, true, EventTypes.EVENT_VM_STOP);

                    // 3. Network offering usage
                    generateNetworkUsageForVm(vm, true, EventTypes.EVENT_NETWORK_OFFERING_REMOVE);
                }
            }
        }

    }

    private void generateNetworkUsageForVm(VirtualMachine vm, boolean isDisplay, String eventType){

        List<NicVO> nics = _nicDao.listByVmId(vm.getId());
        for (NicVO nic : nics) {
            NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(nic.getNetworkId());
            long isDefault = (nic.isDefaultNic()) ? 1 : 0;
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(eventType, vm.getAccountId(), vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getId(),
                    Long.toString(nic.getId()), network.getNetworkOfferingId(), null, isDefault, vm.getClass().getName(), vm.getUuid(), isDisplay);
        }

    }

    @Override
    public UserVm updateVirtualMachine(long id, String displayName, String group, Boolean ha, Boolean isDisplayVmEnabled, Long osTypeId, String userData,
            Boolean isDynamicallyScalable, HTTPMethod httpMethod, String customId, String hostName) throws ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException {
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(id);
        if (vm == null) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to find virual machine with id " + id);
        }

        if (vm.getState() == State.Error || vm.getState() == State.Expunging) {
            s_logger.error("vm is not in the right state: " + id);
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Vm with id " + id + " is not in the right state");
        }

        if (displayName == null) {
            displayName = vm.getDisplayName();
        }

        if (ha == null) {
            ha = vm.isHaEnabled();
        }

        ServiceOffering offering = _serviceOfferingDao.findById(vm.getId(), vm.getServiceOfferingId());
        if (!offering.getOfferHA() && ha) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Can't enable ha for the vm as it's created from the Service offering having HA disabled");
        }

        if (isDisplayVmEnabled == null) {
            isDisplayVmEnabled = vm.isDisplayVm();
        }

        boolean updateUserdata = false;
        if (userData != null) {
            // check and replace newlines
            userData = userData.replace("\\n", "");
            validateUserData(userData, httpMethod);
            // update userData on domain router.
            updateUserdata = true;
        } else {
            userData = vm.getUserData();
        }

        if (isDynamicallyScalable == null) {
            isDynamicallyScalable = vm.isDynamicallyScalable();
        }

        if (osTypeId == null) {
            osTypeId = vm.getGuestOSId();
        }

        if (group != null) {
            addInstanceToGroup(id, group);
        }

        if (isDynamicallyScalable == null) {
            isDynamicallyScalable = vm.isDynamicallyScalable();
        }

        if (hostName != null) {
            // Check is hostName is RFC compliant
            checkNameForRFCCompliance(hostName);

            if (vm.getHostName().equalsIgnoreCase(hostName)) {
                s_logger.debug("Vm " + vm + " is already set with the hostName specified: " + hostName);
                hostName = null;
            }

            // Verify that vm's hostName is unique
            List<NetworkVO> vmNtwks = new ArrayList<NetworkVO>();
            List<? extends Nic> nics = _nicDao.listByVmId(vm.getId());
            for (Nic nic : nics) {
                vmNtwks.add(_networkDao.findById(nic.getNetworkId()));
            }
            checkIfHostNameUniqueInNtwkDomain(hostName, vmNtwks);
        }

        _vmDao.updateVM(id, displayName, ha, osTypeId, userData, isDisplayVmEnabled, isDynamicallyScalable, customId, hostName);

        if (updateUserdata) {
            boolean result = updateUserDataInternal(_vmDao.findById(id));
            if (result) {
                s_logger.debug("User data successfully updated for vm id=" + id);
            } else {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to reset userdata for the virtual machine ");
            }
        }

        return _vmDao.findById(id);
    }

    private boolean updateUserDataInternal(UserVm vm) throws ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException {
        VMTemplateVO template = _templateDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vm.getTemplateId());

        List<? extends Nic> nics = _nicDao.listByVmId(vm.getId());
        if (nics == null || nics.isEmpty()) {
           s_logger.error("unable to find any nics for vm " + vm.getUuid());
           return false;
        }

        for (Nic nic : nics) {
             Network network = _networkDao.findById(nic.getNetworkId());
            NicProfile nicProfile = new NicProfile(nic, network, null, null, null, _networkModel.isSecurityGroupSupportedInNetwork(network), _networkModel.getNetworkTag(
                    template.getHypervisorType(), network));

             VirtualMachineProfile vmProfile = new VirtualMachineProfileImpl(vm);

             UserDataServiceProvider element = _networkModel.getUserDataUpdateProvider(network);
             if (element == null) {
                 throw new CloudRuntimeException("Can't find network element for " + Service.UserData.getName() + " provider needed for UserData update");
             }
             boolean result = element.saveUserData(network, nicProfile, vmProfile);
             if (!result) {
                 s_logger.error("Failed to update userdata for vm " + vm + " and nic " + nic);
             }
        }

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_START, eventDescription = "starting Vm", async = true)
    public UserVm startVirtualMachine(StartVMCmd cmd) throws ExecutionException, ConcurrentOperationException, ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException {
        return startVirtualMachine(cmd.getId(), cmd.getHostId(), null, cmd.getDeploymentPlanner()).first();
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_REBOOT, eventDescription = "rebooting Vm", async = true)
    public UserVm rebootVirtualMachine(RebootVMCmd cmd) throws InsufficientCapacityException, ResourceUnavailableException {
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        Long vmId = cmd.getId();

        // Verify input parameters
        UserVmVO vmInstance = _vmDao.findById(vmId.longValue());
        if (vmInstance == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with id " + vmId);
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, vmInstance);

        // If the VM is Volatile in nature, on reboot discard the VM's root disk and create a new root disk for it: by calling restoreVM
        long serviceOfferingId = vmInstance.getServiceOfferingId();
        ServiceOfferingVO offering = _serviceOfferingDao.findById(vmInstance.getId(), serviceOfferingId);
        if (offering != null && offering.getRemoved() == null) {
            if (offering.getVolatileVm()) {
                return restoreVMInternal(caller, vmInstance, null);
            }
        } else {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find service offering: " + serviceOfferingId + " corresponding to the vm");
        }

        return rebootVirtualMachine(CallContext.current().getCallingUserId(), vmId);
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_DESTROY, eventDescription = "destroying Vm", async = true)
    public UserVm destroyVm(DestroyVMCmd cmd) throws ResourceUnavailableException, ConcurrentOperationException {
        CallContext ctx = CallContext.current();
        long vmId = cmd.getId();
        boolean expunge = cmd.getExpunge();

        if (!_accountMgr.isAdmin(ctx.getCallingAccount().getType()) && expunge) {
            throw new PermissionDeniedException("Parameter " + ApiConstants.EXPUNGE + " can be passed by Admin only");
        }

        UserVm destroyedVm = destroyVm(vmId);
        if (expunge) {
            UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
            if (!expunge(vm, ctx.getCallingUserId(), ctx.getCallingAccount())) {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to expunge vm " + destroyedVm);
            }
        }

        return destroyedVm;
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_EXPUNGE, eventDescription = "expunging Vm", async = true)
    public UserVm expungeVm(ExpungeVMCmd cmd) throws ResourceUnavailableException, ConcurrentOperationException {
        return expungeVm(cmd.getId());
    }

    @Override
    @DB
    public InstanceGroupVO createVmGroup(CreateVMGroupCmd cmd) {
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        Long domainId = cmd.getDomainId();
        String accountName = cmd.getAccountName();
        String groupName = cmd.getGroupName();
        Long projectId = cmd.getProjectId();

        Account owner = _accountMgr.finalizeOwner(caller, accountName, domainId, projectId);
        long accountId = owner.getId();

        // Check if name is already in use by this account
        boolean isNameInUse = _vmGroupDao.isNameInUse(accountId, groupName);

        if (isNameInUse) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to create vm group, a group with name " + groupName + " already exisits for account " + accountId);
        }

        return createVmGroup(groupName, accountId);
    }

    @DB
    protected InstanceGroupVO createVmGroup(String groupName, long accountId) {
        Account account = null;
        try {
            account = _accountDao.acquireInLockTable(accountId); // to ensure
            // duplicate
            // vm group
            // names are
            // not
            // created.
            if (account == null) {
                s_logger.warn("Failed to acquire lock on account");
                return null;
            }
            InstanceGroupVO group = _vmGroupDao.findByAccountAndName(accountId, groupName);
            if (group == null) {
                group = new InstanceGroupVO(groupName, accountId);
                group = _vmGroupDao.persist(group);
            }
            return group;
        } finally {
            if (account != null) {
                _accountDao.releaseFromLockTable(accountId);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean deleteVmGroup(DeleteVMGroupCmd cmd) {
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        Long groupId = cmd.getId();

        // Verify input parameters
        InstanceGroupVO group = _vmGroupDao.findById(groupId);
        if ((group == null) || (group.getRemoved() != null)) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a vm group with id " + groupId);
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, group);

        return deleteVmGroup(groupId);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean deleteVmGroup(long groupId) {
        // delete all the mappings from group_vm_map table
        List<InstanceGroupVMMapVO> groupVmMaps = _groupVMMapDao.listByGroupId(groupId);
        for (InstanceGroupVMMapVO groupMap : groupVmMaps) {
            SearchCriteria<InstanceGroupVMMapVO> sc = _groupVMMapDao.createSearchCriteria();
            sc.addAnd("instanceId", SearchCriteria.Op.EQ, groupMap.getInstanceId());
            _groupVMMapDao.expunge(sc);
        }

        if (_vmGroupDao.remove(groupId)) {
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    @Override
    @DB
    public boolean addInstanceToGroup(final long userVmId, String groupName) {
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(userVmId);

        InstanceGroupVO group = _vmGroupDao.findByAccountAndName(vm.getAccountId(), groupName);
        // Create vm group if the group doesn't exist for this account
        if (group == null) {
            group = createVmGroup(groupName, vm.getAccountId());
        }

        if (group != null) {
            UserVm userVm = _vmDao.acquireInLockTable(userVmId);
            if (userVm == null) {
                s_logger.warn("Failed to acquire lock on user vm id=" + userVmId);
            }
            try {
                final InstanceGroupVO groupFinal = group;
                Transaction.execute(new TransactionCallbackNoReturn() {
                    @Override
                    public void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus status) {
                // don't let the group be deleted when we are assigning vm to
                // it.
                        InstanceGroupVO ngrpLock = _vmGroupDao.lockRow(groupFinal.getId(), false);
                if (ngrpLock == null) {
                            s_logger.warn("Failed to acquire lock on vm group id=" + groupFinal.getId() + " name=" + groupFinal.getName());
                            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to acquire lock on vm group id=" + groupFinal.getId() + " name=" + groupFinal.getName());
                }

                // Currently don't allow to assign a vm to more than one group
                if (_groupVMMapDao.listByInstanceId(userVmId) != null) {
                    // Delete all mappings from group_vm_map table
                            List<InstanceGroupVMMapVO> groupVmMaps = _groupVMMapDao.listByInstanceId(userVmId);
                    for (InstanceGroupVMMapVO groupMap : groupVmMaps) {
                                SearchCriteria<InstanceGroupVMMapVO> sc = _groupVMMapDao.createSearchCriteria();
                                sc.addAnd("instanceId", SearchCriteria.Op.EQ, groupMap.getInstanceId());
                        _groupVMMapDao.expunge(sc);
                    }
                }
                        InstanceGroupVMMapVO groupVmMapVO = new InstanceGroupVMMapVO(groupFinal.getId(), userVmId);
                _groupVMMapDao.persist(groupVmMapVO);

                    }
                });

                return true;
            } finally {
                if (userVm != null) {
                    _vmDao.releaseFromLockTable(userVmId);
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public InstanceGroupVO getGroupForVm(long vmId) {
        // TODO - in future releases vm can be assigned to multiple groups; but
        // currently return just one group per vm
        try {
            List<InstanceGroupVMMapVO> groupsToVmMap = _groupVMMapDao.listByInstanceId(vmId);

            if (groupsToVmMap != null && groupsToVmMap.size() != 0) {
                InstanceGroupVO group = _vmGroupDao.findById(groupsToVmMap.get(0).getGroupId());
                return group;
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            s_logger.warn("Error trying to get group for a vm: ", e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void removeInstanceFromInstanceGroup(long vmId) {
        try {
            List<InstanceGroupVMMapVO> groupVmMaps = _groupVMMapDao.listByInstanceId(vmId);
            for (InstanceGroupVMMapVO groupMap : groupVmMaps) {
                SearchCriteria<InstanceGroupVMMapVO> sc = _groupVMMapDao.createSearchCriteria();
                sc.addAnd("instanceId", SearchCriteria.Op.EQ, groupMap.getInstanceId());
                _groupVMMapDao.expunge(sc);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            s_logger.warn("Error trying to remove vm from group: ", e);
        }
    }

    protected boolean validPassword(String password) {
        if (password == null || password.length() == 0) {
            return false;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < password.length(); i++) {
            if (password.charAt(i) == ' ') {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_CREATE, eventDescription = "deploying Vm", create = true)
    public UserVm createBasicSecurityGroupVirtualMachine(DataCenter zone, ServiceOffering serviceOffering, VirtualMachineTemplate template, List<Long> securityGroupIdList,
            Account owner, String hostName, String displayName, Long diskOfferingId, Long diskSize, String group, HypervisorType hypervisor, HTTPMethod httpmethod,
            String userData, String sshKeyPair, Map<Long, IpAddresses> requestedIps, IpAddresses defaultIps, Boolean displayVm, String keyboard, List<Long> affinityGroupIdList,
            Map<String, String> customParametes, String customId) throws InsufficientCapacityException, ConcurrentOperationException, ResourceUnavailableException,
            StorageUnavailableException, ResourceAllocationException {

        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        List<NetworkVO> networkList = new ArrayList<NetworkVO>();

        // Verify that caller can perform actions in behalf of vm owner
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, owner);

        // Get default guest network in Basic zone
        Network defaultNetwork = _networkModel.getExclusiveGuestNetwork(zone.getId());

        if (defaultNetwork == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find a default network to start a vm");
        } else {
            networkList.add(_networkDao.findById(defaultNetwork.getId()));
        }

        boolean isVmWare = (template.getHypervisorType() == HypervisorType.VMware || (hypervisor != null && hypervisor == HypervisorType.VMware));

        if (securityGroupIdList != null && isVmWare) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Security group feature is not supported for vmWare hypervisor");
        } else if (!isVmWare && _networkModel.isSecurityGroupSupportedInNetwork(defaultNetwork) && _networkModel.canAddDefaultSecurityGroup()) {
            //add the default securityGroup only if no security group is specified
            if (securityGroupIdList == null || securityGroupIdList.isEmpty()) {
                if (securityGroupIdList == null) {
                    securityGroupIdList = new ArrayList<Long>();
                }
                SecurityGroup defaultGroup = _securityGroupMgr.getDefaultSecurityGroup(owner.getId());
                if (defaultGroup != null) {
                    securityGroupIdList.add(defaultGroup.getId());
                } else {
                    // create default security group for the account
                    if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        s_logger.debug("Couldn't find default security group for the account " + owner + " so creating a new one");
                    }
                    defaultGroup = _securityGroupMgr.createSecurityGroup(SecurityGroupManager.DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME, SecurityGroupManager.DEFAULT_GROUP_DESCRIPTION,
                            owner.getDomainId(), owner.getId(), owner.getAccountName());
                    securityGroupIdList.add(defaultGroup.getId());
                }
            }
        }

        return createVirtualMachine(zone, serviceOffering, template, hostName, displayName, owner, diskOfferingId, diskSize, networkList, securityGroupIdList, group, httpmethod,
                userData, sshKeyPair, hypervisor, caller, requestedIps, defaultIps, displayVm, keyboard, affinityGroupIdList, customParametes, customId);

    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_CREATE, eventDescription = "deploying Vm", create = true)
    public UserVm createAdvancedSecurityGroupVirtualMachine(DataCenter zone, ServiceOffering serviceOffering, VirtualMachineTemplate template, List<Long> networkIdList,
            List<Long> securityGroupIdList, Account owner, String hostName, String displayName, Long diskOfferingId, Long diskSize, String group, HypervisorType hypervisor,
            HTTPMethod httpmethod, String userData, String sshKeyPair, Map<Long, IpAddresses> requestedIps, IpAddresses defaultIps, Boolean displayVm, String keyboard,
            List<Long> affinityGroupIdList, Map<String, String> customParameters, String customId) throws InsufficientCapacityException, ConcurrentOperationException,
            ResourceUnavailableException, StorageUnavailableException, ResourceAllocationException {

        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        List<NetworkVO> networkList = new ArrayList<NetworkVO>();
        boolean isSecurityGroupEnabledNetworkUsed = false;
        boolean isVmWare = (template.getHypervisorType() == HypervisorType.VMware || (hypervisor != null && hypervisor == HypervisorType.VMware));

        // Verify that caller can perform actions in behalf of vm owner
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, owner);

        // If no network is specified, find system security group enabled network
        if (networkIdList == null || networkIdList.isEmpty()) {
            Network networkWithSecurityGroup = _networkModel.getNetworkWithSecurityGroupEnabled(zone.getId());
            if (networkWithSecurityGroup == null) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("No network with security enabled is found in zone id=" + zone.getId());
            }

            networkList.add(_networkDao.findById(networkWithSecurityGroup.getId()));
            isSecurityGroupEnabledNetworkUsed = true;

        } else if (securityGroupIdList != null && !securityGroupIdList.isEmpty()) {
            if (isVmWare) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Security group feature is not supported for vmWare hypervisor");
            }
            // Only one network can be specified, and it should be security group enabled
            if (networkIdList.size() > 1) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Only support one network per VM if security group enabled");
            }

            NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(networkIdList.get(0));

            if (network == null) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find network by id " + networkIdList.get(0).longValue());
            }

            if (!_networkModel.isSecurityGroupSupportedInNetwork(network)) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Network is not security group enabled: " + network.getId());
            }

            networkList.add(network);
            isSecurityGroupEnabledNetworkUsed = true;

        } else {
            // Verify that all the networks are Shared/Guest; can't create combination of SG enabled and disabled networks
            for (Long networkId : networkIdList) {
                NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(networkId);

                if (network == null) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find network by id " + networkIdList.get(0).longValue());
                }

                boolean isSecurityGroupEnabled = _networkModel.isSecurityGroupSupportedInNetwork(network);
                if (isSecurityGroupEnabled) {
                    if (networkIdList.size() > 1) {
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Can't create a vm with multiple networks one of" + " which is Security Group enabled");
                    }

                    isSecurityGroupEnabledNetworkUsed = true;
                }

                if (!(network.getTrafficType() == TrafficType.Guest && network.getGuestType() == Network.GuestType.Shared)) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Can specify only Shared Guest networks when" + " deploy vm in Advance Security Group enabled zone");
                }

                // Perform account permission check
                if (network.getAclType() == ACLType.Account) {
                    _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, AccessType.UseEntry, network);
                }
                networkList.add(network);
            }
        }

        // if network is security group enabled, and no security group is specified, then add the default security group automatically
        if (isSecurityGroupEnabledNetworkUsed && !isVmWare && _networkModel.canAddDefaultSecurityGroup()) {

            //add the default securityGroup only if no security group is specified
            if (securityGroupIdList == null || securityGroupIdList.isEmpty()) {
                if (securityGroupIdList == null) {
                    securityGroupIdList = new ArrayList<Long>();
                }

                SecurityGroup defaultGroup = _securityGroupMgr.getDefaultSecurityGroup(owner.getId());
                if (defaultGroup != null) {
                    securityGroupIdList.add(defaultGroup.getId());
                } else {
                    // create default security group for the account
                    if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        s_logger.debug("Couldn't find default security group for the account " + owner + " so creating a new one");
                    }
                    defaultGroup = _securityGroupMgr.createSecurityGroup(SecurityGroupManager.DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME, SecurityGroupManager.DEFAULT_GROUP_DESCRIPTION,
                            owner.getDomainId(), owner.getId(), owner.getAccountName());
                    securityGroupIdList.add(defaultGroup.getId());
                }
            }
        }

        return createVirtualMachine(zone, serviceOffering, template, hostName, displayName, owner, diskOfferingId, diskSize, networkList, securityGroupIdList, group, httpmethod,
                userData, sshKeyPair, hypervisor, caller, requestedIps, defaultIps, displayVm, keyboard, affinityGroupIdList, customParameters, customId);
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_CREATE, eventDescription = "deploying Vm", create = true)
    public UserVm createAdvancedVirtualMachine(DataCenter zone, ServiceOffering serviceOffering, VirtualMachineTemplate template, List<Long> networkIdList, Account owner,
            String hostName, String displayName, Long diskOfferingId, Long diskSize, String group, HypervisorType hypervisor, HTTPMethod httpmethod, String userData,
            String sshKeyPair, Map<Long, IpAddresses> requestedIps, IpAddresses defaultIps, Boolean displayvm, String keyboard, List<Long> affinityGroupIdList,
            Map<String, String> customParametrs, String customId) throws InsufficientCapacityException, ConcurrentOperationException, ResourceUnavailableException,
            StorageUnavailableException, ResourceAllocationException {

        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        List<NetworkVO> networkList = new ArrayList<NetworkVO>();

        // Verify that caller can perform actions in behalf of vm owner
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, owner);

        List<HypervisorType> vpcSupportedHTypes = _vpcMgr.getSupportedVpcHypervisors();
        if (networkIdList == null || networkIdList.isEmpty()) {
            NetworkVO defaultNetwork = null;

            // if no network is passed in
            // Check if default virtual network offering has
            // Availability=Required. If it's true, search for corresponding
            // network
            // * if network is found, use it. If more than 1 virtual network is
            // found, throw an error
            // * if network is not found, create a new one and use it

            List<NetworkOfferingVO> requiredOfferings = _networkOfferingDao.listByAvailability(Availability.Required, false);
            if (requiredOfferings.size() < 1) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find network offering with availability=" + Availability.Required
                                + " to automatically create the network as a part of vm creation");
            }

            if (requiredOfferings.get(0).getState() == NetworkOffering.State.Enabled) {
                // get Virtual networks
                List<? extends Network> virtualNetworks = _networkModel.listNetworksForAccount(owner.getId(), zone.getId(), Network.GuestType.Isolated);
                if (virtualNetworks.isEmpty()) {
                    long physicalNetworkId = _networkModel.findPhysicalNetworkId(zone.getId(), requiredOfferings.get(0).getTags(), requiredOfferings.get(0).getTrafficType());
                    // Validate physical network
                    PhysicalNetwork physicalNetwork = _physicalNetworkDao.findById(physicalNetworkId);
                    if (physicalNetwork == null) {
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find physical network with id: " + physicalNetworkId + " and tag: "
                                + requiredOfferings.get(0).getTags());
                    }
                    s_logger.debug("Creating network for account " + owner + " from the network offering id=" + requiredOfferings.get(0).getId() + " as a part of deployVM process");
                    Network newNetwork = _networkMgr.createGuestNetwork(requiredOfferings.get(0).getId(), owner.getAccountName() + "-network", owner.getAccountName() + "-network",
                            null, null, null, null, owner, null, physicalNetwork, zone.getId(), ACLType.Account, null, null, null, null, true, null);
                    defaultNetwork = _networkDao.findById(newNetwork.getId());
                } else if (virtualNetworks.size() > 1) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("More than 1 default Isolated networks are found for account " + owner + "; please specify networkIds");
                } else {
                    defaultNetwork = _networkDao.findById(virtualNetworks.get(0).getId());
                }
            } else {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Required network offering id=" + requiredOfferings.get(0).getId() + " is not in " + NetworkOffering.State.Enabled);
            }

            networkList.add(defaultNetwork);

        } else {
            for (Long networkId : networkIdList) {
                NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(networkId);
                if (network == null) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find network by id " + networkIdList.get(0).longValue());
                }
                if (network.getVpcId() != null) {
                    // Only ISOs, XenServer, KVM, and VmWare template types are
                    // supported for vpc networks
                    if (template.getFormat() != ImageFormat.ISO && !vpcSupportedHTypes.contains(template.getHypervisorType())) {
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Can't create vm from template with hypervisor " + template.getHypervisorType() + " in vpc network " + network);
                    } else if (template.getFormat() == ImageFormat.ISO && !vpcSupportedHTypes.contains(hypervisor)) {
                        // Only XenServer, KVM, and VMware hypervisors are supported
                        // for vpc networks
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Can't create vm of hypervisor type " + hypervisor + " in vpc network");

                    }
                }

                _networkModel.checkNetworkPermissions(owner, network);

                // don't allow to use system networks
                NetworkOffering networkOffering = _entityMgr.findById(NetworkOffering.class, network.getNetworkOfferingId());
                if (networkOffering.isSystemOnly()) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Network id=" + networkId + " is system only and can't be used for vm deployment");
                }
                networkList.add(network);
            }
        }

        return createVirtualMachine(zone, serviceOffering, template, hostName, displayName, owner, diskOfferingId, diskSize, networkList, null, group, httpmethod, userData,
                sshKeyPair, hypervisor, caller, requestedIps, defaultIps, displayvm, keyboard, affinityGroupIdList, customParametrs, customId);
    }

    public void checkNameForRFCCompliance(String name) {
        if (!NetUtils.verifyDomainNameLabel(name, true)) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Invalid name. Vm name can contain ASCII letters 'a' through 'z', the digits '0' through '9', "
                    + "and the hyphen ('-'), must be between 1 and 63 characters long, and can't start or end with \"-\" and can't start with digit");
        }
    }

    @DB
    protected UserVm createVirtualMachine(DataCenter zone, ServiceOffering serviceOffering, VirtualMachineTemplate tmplt, String hostName, String displayName, Account owner,
            Long diskOfferingId, Long diskSize, List<NetworkVO> networkList, List<Long> securityGroupIdList, String group, HTTPMethod httpmethod, String userData,
            String sshKeyPair, HypervisorType hypervisor, Account caller, Map<Long, IpAddresses> requestedIps, IpAddresses defaultIps, Boolean isDisplayVm, String keyboard,
            List<Long> affinityGroupIdList, Map<String, String> customParameters, String customId) throws InsufficientCapacityException, ResourceUnavailableException,
            ConcurrentOperationException, StorageUnavailableException, ResourceAllocationException {

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, owner);

        if (owner.getState() == Account.State.disabled) {
            throw new PermissionDeniedException("The owner of vm to deploy is disabled: " + owner);
        }
        VMTemplateVO template = _templateDao.findById(tmplt.getId());
        if (template != null) {
            _templateDao.loadDetails(template);
        }

        long accountId = owner.getId();

        assert !(requestedIps != null && (defaultIps.getIp4Address() != null || defaultIps.getIp6Address() != null)) : "requestedIp list and defaultNetworkIp should never be specified together";

        if (Grouping.AllocationState.Disabled == zone.getAllocationState()
                && !_accountMgr.isRootAdmin(caller.getId())) {
            throw new PermissionDeniedException(
                    "Cannot perform this operation, Zone is currently disabled: "
                            + zone.getId());
        }

        // check if zone is dedicated
        DedicatedResourceVO dedicatedZone = _dedicatedDao.findByZoneId(zone.getId());
        if (dedicatedZone != null) {
            DomainVO domain = _domainDao.findById(dedicatedZone.getDomainId());
            if (domain == null) {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to find the domain " + zone.getDomainId() + " for the zone: " + zone);
            }
            // check that caller can operate with domain
            _configMgr.checkZoneAccess(caller, zone);
            // check that vm owner can create vm in the domain
            _configMgr.checkZoneAccess(owner, zone);
        }

        ServiceOfferingVO offering = _serviceOfferingDao.findById(serviceOffering.getId());
        if (offering.isDynamic()) {
            offering.setDynamicFlag(true);
            validateCustomParameters(offering, customParameters);
            offering = _offeringDao.getcomputeOffering(offering, customParameters);
        }
        // check if account/domain is with in resource limits to create a new vm
        boolean isIso = Storage.ImageFormat.ISO == template.getFormat();
        // For baremetal, size can be null
        Long tmp = _templateDao.findById(template.getId()).getSize();
        long size = 0;
        if (tmp != null) {
            size = tmp;
        }
        if (diskOfferingId != null) {
            DiskOfferingVO diskOffering = _diskOfferingDao.findById(diskOfferingId);
            if (diskOffering != null && diskOffering.isCustomized()) {
                if (diskSize == null) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("This disk offering requires a custom size specified");
                }
                Long customDiskOfferingMaxSize = VolumeOrchestrationService.CustomDiskOfferingMaxSize.value();
                Long customDiskOfferingMinSize = VolumeOrchestrationService.CustomDiskOfferingMinSize.value();
                if ((diskSize < customDiskOfferingMinSize) || (diskSize > customDiskOfferingMaxSize)) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("VM Creation failed. Volume size: " + diskSize + "GB is out of allowed range. Max: " + customDiskOfferingMaxSize
                            + " Min:" + customDiskOfferingMinSize);
                }
            }
            size += _diskOfferingDao.findById(diskOfferingId).getDiskSize();
        }
        resourceLimitCheck(owner, isDisplayVm, new Long(offering.getCpu()), new Long(offering.getRamSize()));

        _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(owner, ResourceType.volume, (isIso || diskOfferingId == null ? 1 : 2));
        _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(owner, ResourceType.primary_storage, size);

        // verify security group ids
        if (securityGroupIdList != null) {
            for (Long securityGroupId : securityGroupIdList) {
                SecurityGroup sg = _securityGroupDao.findById(securityGroupId);
                if (sg == null) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find security group by id " + securityGroupId);
                } else {
                    // verify permissions
                    _accountMgr.checkAccess(owner, AccessType.UseEntry, sg);
                }
            }
        }

        // check that the affinity groups exist
        if (affinityGroupIdList != null) {
            for (Long affinityGroupId : affinityGroupIdList) {
                AffinityGroupVO ag = _affinityGroupDao.findById(affinityGroupId);
                if (ag == null) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find affinity group " + ag);
                } else if (!_affinityGroupService.isAffinityGroupProcessorAvailable(ag.getType())) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Affinity group type is not supported for group: " + ag + " ,type: " + ag.getType()
                            + " , Please try again after removing the affinity group");
                } else {
                    // verify permissions
                    _accountMgr.checkAccess(owner, AccessType.UseEntry, ag);
                }
            }
        }

        if (template.getHypervisorType() != null && template.getHypervisorType() != HypervisorType.BareMetal) {
            // check if we have available pools for vm deployment
            long availablePools = _storagePoolDao.countPoolsByStatus(StoragePoolStatus.Up);
            if (availablePools < 1) {
                throw new StorageUnavailableException("There are no available pools in the UP state for vm deployment", -1);
            }
        }

        if (template.getTemplateType().equals(TemplateType.SYSTEM)) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to use system template " + template.getId() + " to deploy a user vm");
        }
        List<VMTemplateZoneVO> listZoneTemplate = _templateZoneDao.listByZoneTemplate(zone.getId(), template.getId());
        if (listZoneTemplate == null || listZoneTemplate.isEmpty()) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("The template " + template.getId() + " is not available for use");
        }

        if (isIso && !template.isBootable()) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Installing from ISO requires an ISO that is bootable: " + template.getId());
        }

        // Check templates permissions
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(owner, AccessType.UseEntry, template);

        // check if the user data is correct
        validateUserData(userData, httpmethod);

        // Find an SSH public key corresponding to the key pair name, if one is
        // given
        String sshPublicKey = null;
        if (sshKeyPair != null && !sshKeyPair.equals("")) {
            SSHKeyPair pair = _sshKeyPairDao.findByName(owner.getAccountId(), owner.getDomainId(), sshKeyPair);
            if (pair == null) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("A key pair with name '" + sshKeyPair + "' was not found.");
            }

            sshPublicKey = pair.getPublicKey();
        }

        List<Pair<NetworkVO, NicProfile>> networks = new ArrayList<Pair<NetworkVO, NicProfile>>();

        LinkedHashMap<String, NicProfile> networkNicMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, NicProfile>();

        short defaultNetworkNumber = 0;
        boolean securityGroupEnabled = false;
        boolean vpcNetwork = false;
        for (NetworkVO network : networkList) {
            if ((network.getDataCenterId() != zone.getId()) && !network.isStrechedL2Network()) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Network id=" + network.getId() + " doesn't belong to zone " + zone.getId());
            }

            // Perform account permission check on network
            _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, AccessType.UseEntry, network);
            IpAddresses requestedIpPair = null;
            if (requestedIps != null && !requestedIps.isEmpty()) {
                requestedIpPair = requestedIps.get(network.getId());
            }

            if (requestedIpPair == null) {
                requestedIpPair = new IpAddresses(null, null);
            } else {
                _networkModel.checkRequestedIpAddresses(network.getId(), requestedIpPair.getIp4Address(), requestedIpPair.getIp6Address());
            }

            NicProfile profile = new NicProfile(requestedIpPair.getIp4Address(), requestedIpPair.getIp6Address());

            if (defaultNetworkNumber == 0) {
                defaultNetworkNumber++;
                // if user requested specific ip for default network, add it
                if (defaultIps.getIp4Address() != null || defaultIps.getIp6Address() != null) {
                    _networkModel.checkRequestedIpAddresses(network.getId(), defaultIps.getIp4Address(), defaultIps.getIp6Address());
                    profile = new NicProfile(defaultIps.getIp4Address(), defaultIps.getIp6Address());
                }

                profile.setDefaultNic(true);
            }

            networks.add(new Pair<NetworkVO, NicProfile>(network, profile));

            if (_networkModel.isSecurityGroupSupportedInNetwork(network)) {
                securityGroupEnabled = true;
            }

            // vm can't be a part of more than 1 VPC network
            if (network.getVpcId() != null) {
                if (vpcNetwork) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Vm can't be a part of more than 1 VPC network");
                }
                vpcNetwork = true;
            }

            networkNicMap.put(network.getUuid(), profile);
        }

        if (securityGroupIdList != null && !securityGroupIdList.isEmpty() && !securityGroupEnabled) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to deploy vm with security groups as SecurityGroup service is not enabled for the vm's network");
        }

        // Verify network information - network default network has to be set;
        // and vm can't have more than one default network
        // This is a part of business logic because default network is required
        // by Agent Manager in order to configure default
        // gateway for the vm
        if (defaultNetworkNumber == 0) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("At least 1 default network has to be specified for the vm");
        } else if (defaultNetworkNumber > 1) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Only 1 default network per vm is supported");
        }

        long id = _vmDao.getNextInSequence(Long.class, "id");

        if (hostName != null) {
            // Check is hostName is RFC compliant
            checkNameForRFCCompliance(hostName);
        }

        String instanceName = null;
        String uuidName = _uuidMgr.generateUuid(UserVm.class, customId);
        if (_instanceNameFlag && hypervisor.equals(HypervisorType.VMware)) {
            if (hostName == null) {
                if (displayName != null) {
                    hostName = displayName;
                } else {
                    hostName = generateHostName(uuidName);
                }
            }
        } else {
            if (hostName == null) {
                //Generate name using uuid and instance.name global config
                hostName = generateHostName(uuidName);
            }
        }

        if (hostName != null) {
            // Check is hostName is RFC compliant
            checkNameForRFCCompliance(hostName);
        }
        instanceName = VirtualMachineName.getVmName(id, owner.getId(), _instance);

        // Check if VM with instanceName already exists.
        VMInstanceVO vmObj = _vmInstanceDao.findVMByInstanceName(instanceName);
        if (vmObj != null && vmObj.getState() != VirtualMachine.State.Expunging) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("There already exists a VM by the display name supplied");
        }

        checkIfHostNameUniqueInNtwkDomain(hostName, networkList);

        HypervisorType hypervisorType = null;
        if (template.getHypervisorType() == null || template.getHypervisorType() == HypervisorType.None) {
            hypervisorType = hypervisor;
        } else {
            hypervisorType = template.getHypervisorType();
        }

        UserVmVO vm = commitUserVm(zone, template, hostName, displayName, owner, diskOfferingId, diskSize, userData, hypervisor, caller, isDisplayVm, keyboard, accountId,
                offering, isIso, sshPublicKey, networkNicMap, id, instanceName, uuidName, hypervisorType, customParameters);

        // Assign instance to the group
        try {
            if (group != null) {
                boolean addToGroup = addInstanceToGroup(Long.valueOf(id), group);
                if (!addToGroup) {
                    throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to assign Vm to the group " + group);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to assign Vm to the group " + group);
        }

        _securityGroupMgr.addInstanceToGroups(vm.getId(), securityGroupIdList);

        if (affinityGroupIdList != null && !affinityGroupIdList.isEmpty()) {
            _affinityGroupVMMapDao.updateMap(vm.getId(), affinityGroupIdList);
        }

        return vm;
    }

    private void checkIfHostNameUniqueInNtwkDomain(String hostName, List<? extends Network> networkList) {
        // Check that hostName is unique in the network domain
        Map<String, List<Long>> ntwkDomains = new HashMap<String, List<Long>>();
        for (Network network : networkList) {
            String ntwkDomain = network.getNetworkDomain();
            if (!ntwkDomains.containsKey(ntwkDomain)) {
                List<Long> ntwkIds = new ArrayList<Long>();
                ntwkIds.add(network.getId());
                ntwkDomains.put(ntwkDomain, ntwkIds);
            } else {
                List<Long> ntwkIds = ntwkDomains.get(ntwkDomain);
                ntwkIds.add(network.getId());
                ntwkDomains.put(ntwkDomain, ntwkIds);
            }
        }

        for (Entry<String, List<Long>> ntwkDomain : ntwkDomains.entrySet()) {
            for (Long ntwkId : ntwkDomain.getValue()) {
                // * get all vms hostNames in the network
                List<String> hostNames = _vmInstanceDao.listDistinctHostNames(ntwkId);
                // * verify that there are no duplicates
                if (hostNames.contains(hostName)) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("The vm with hostName " + hostName + " already exists in the network domain: " + ntwkDomain.getKey() + "; network="
                            + _networkModel.getNetwork(ntwkId));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private String generateHostName(String uuidName) {
        return _instance + "-" + uuidName;
    }

    private UserVmVO commitUserVm(final DataCenter zone, final VirtualMachineTemplate template, final String hostName, final String displayName, final Account owner,
            final Long diskOfferingId, final Long diskSize, final String userData, final HypervisorType hypervisor, final Account caller, final Boolean isDisplayVm,
            final String keyboard, final long accountId, final ServiceOfferingVO offering, final boolean isIso, final String sshPublicKey,
            final LinkedHashMap<String, NicProfile> networkNicMap, final long id, final String instanceName, final String uuidName, final HypervisorType hypervisorType,
            final Map<String, String> customParameters) throws InsufficientCapacityException {
        return Transaction.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithException<UserVmVO, InsufficientCapacityException>() {
            @Override
            public UserVmVO doInTransaction(TransactionStatus status) throws InsufficientCapacityException {
                UserVmVO vm = new UserVmVO(id, instanceName, displayName, template.getId(), hypervisorType, template.getGuestOSId(), offering.getOfferHA(), offering
                        .getLimitCpuUse(), owner.getDomainId(), owner.getId(), offering.getId(), userData, hostName, diskOfferingId);
                vm.setUuid(uuidName);
                vm.setDynamicallyScalable(template.isDynamicallyScalable());
                if (sshPublicKey != null) {
                    vm.setDetail("SSH.PublicKey", sshPublicKey);
                }

                if (keyboard != null && !keyboard.isEmpty())
                    vm.setDetail(VmDetailConstants.KEYBOARD, keyboard);

                if (isIso) {
                    vm.setIsoId(template.getId());
                }
                Long rootDiskSize = null;
                // custom root disk size, resizes base template to larger size
                if (customParameters.containsKey("rootdisksize")) {
                    if (NumbersUtil.parseLong(customParameters.get("rootdisksize"), -1) <= 0) {
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("rootdisk size should be a non zero number.");
                    }
                    rootDiskSize = Long.parseLong(customParameters.get("rootdisksize"));

                    // only KVM supports rootdisksize override
                    if (hypervisor != HypervisorType.KVM) {
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Hypervisor " + hypervisor + " does not support rootdisksize override");
                    }

                    // rotdisksize must be larger than template
                    VMTemplateVO templateVO = _templateDao.findById(template.getId());
                    if (templateVO == null) {
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to look up template by id " + template.getId());
                    }

                    if ((rootDiskSize << 30) < templateVO.getSize()) {
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unsupported: rootdisksize override is smaller than template size " + templateVO.getSize());
                    } else {
                        s_logger.debug("rootdisksize of " + (rootDiskSize << 30) + " was larger than template size of " + templateVO.getSize());
                    }

                    s_logger.debug("found root disk size of " + rootDiskSize);
                    customParameters.remove("rootdisksize");
                }

                if (isDisplayVm != null) {
                    vm.setDisplayVm(isDisplayVm);
                } else {
                    vm.setDisplayVm(true);
                }

                // If hypervisor is vSphere, check for clone type setting.
                if (hypervisorType.equals(HypervisorType.VMware)) {
                    // retrieve clone flag.
                    UserVmCloneType cloneType = UserVmCloneType.linked;
                    String value = _configDao.getValue(Config.VmwareCreateFullClone.key());
                    if (value != null) {
                        if (Boolean.parseBoolean(value) == true)
                            cloneType = UserVmCloneType.full;
                    }
                    UserVmCloneSettingVO vmCloneSettingVO = new UserVmCloneSettingVO(id, cloneType.toString());
                    _vmCloneSettingDao.persist(vmCloneSettingVO);
                }

                long guestOSId = template.getGuestOSId();
                GuestOSVO guestOS = _guestOSDao.findById(guestOSId);
                long guestOSCategoryId = guestOS.getCategoryId();
                GuestOSCategoryVO guestOSCategory = _guestOSCategoryDao.findById(guestOSCategoryId);

                // If hypervisor is vSphere and OS is OS X, set special settings.
                if (hypervisorType.equals(HypervisorType.VMware)) {
                    if (guestOS.getDisplayName().toLowerCase().contains("apple mac os")) {
                        vm.setDetail("smc.present", "TRUE");
                        vm.setDetail(VmDetailConstants.ROOK_DISK_CONTROLLER, "scsi");
                        vm.setDetail("firmware", "efi");
                        s_logger.info("guestOS is OSX : overwrite root disk controller to scsi, use smc and efi");
                    }
                }

                Map<String, String> details = template.getDetails();
                if (details != null && !details.isEmpty()) {
                    vm.details.putAll(details);
                }

                _vmDao.persist(vm);
                if (customParameters != null && customParameters.size() > 0) {
                    for (String key : customParameters.keySet()) {
                        vm.setDetail(key, customParameters.get(key));
                    }
                }
                _vmDao.saveDetails(vm);

                s_logger.debug("Allocating in the DB for vm");
                DataCenterDeployment plan = new DataCenterDeployment(zone.getId());

                List<String> computeTags = new ArrayList<String>();
                computeTags.add(offering.getHostTag());

                List<String> rootDiskTags = new ArrayList<String>();
                rootDiskTags.add(offering.getTags());

                if (isIso) {
                    _orchSrvc.createVirtualMachineFromScratch(vm.getUuid(), Long.toString(owner.getAccountId()), vm.getIsoId().toString(), hostName, displayName,
                            hypervisor.name(), guestOSCategory.getName(), offering.getCpu(), offering.getSpeed(), offering.getRamSize(), diskSize, computeTags, rootDiskTags,
                            networkNicMap, plan);
                } else {
                    _orchSrvc.createVirtualMachine(vm.getUuid(), Long.toString(owner.getAccountId()), Long.toString(template.getId()), hostName, displayName, hypervisor.name(),
                            offering.getCpu(), offering.getSpeed(), offering.getRamSize(), diskSize, computeTags, rootDiskTags, networkNicMap, plan, rootDiskSize);
                }

                if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    s_logger.debug("Successfully allocated DB entry for " + vm);
                }
                CallContext.current().setEventDetails("Vm Id: " + vm.getId());

                if (!offering.isDynamic()) {
                    UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_VM_CREATE, accountId, zone.getId(), vm.getId(), vm.getHostName(), offering.getId(), template.getId(),
                            hypervisorType.toString(), VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vm.getUuid(), vm.isDisplayVm());
                } else {
                    UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_VM_CREATE, accountId, zone.getId(), vm.getId(), vm.getHostName(), offering.getId(), template.getId(),
                            hypervisorType.toString(), VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vm.getUuid(), customParameters, vm.isDisplayVm());
                }

                //Update Resource Count for the given account
                resourceCountIncrement(accountId, isDisplayVm, new Long(offering.getCpu()), new Long(offering.getRamSize()));
                return vm;
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void generateUsageEvent(VirtualMachine vm, boolean isDisplay, String eventType){
        ServiceOfferingVO serviceOffering = _offeringDao.findById(vm.getId(), vm.getServiceOfferingId());
        if (!serviceOffering.isDynamic()) {
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(eventType, vm.getAccountId(), vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getId(),
                    vm.getHostName(), serviceOffering.getId(), vm.getTemplateId(), vm.getHypervisorType().toString(),
                    VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vm.getUuid(), isDisplay);
        }
        else {
            Map<String, String> customParameters = new HashMap<String, String>();
            customParameters.put(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.cpuNumber.name(), serviceOffering.getCpu().toString());
            customParameters.put(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.cpuSpeed.name(), serviceOffering.getSpeed().toString());
            customParameters.put(UsageEventVO.DynamicParameters.memory.name(), serviceOffering.getRamSize().toString());
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(eventType, vm.getAccountId(), vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getId(),
                    vm.getHostName(), serviceOffering.getId(), vm.getTemplateId(), vm.getHypervisorType().toString(),
                    VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vm.getUuid(), customParameters, isDisplay);
        }
    }

    private void validateUserData(String userData, HTTPMethod httpmethod) {
        byte[] decodedUserData = null;
        if (userData != null) {
            if (!Base64.isBase64(userData)) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("User data is not base64 encoded");
            }
            // If GET, use 4K. If POST, support upto 32K.
            if (httpmethod.equals(HTTPMethod.GET)) {
                if (userData.length() >= MAX_HTTP_GET_LENGTH) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("User data is too long for an http GET request");
                }
                decodedUserData = Base64.decodeBase64(userData.getBytes());
                if (decodedUserData.length > MAX_HTTP_GET_LENGTH) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("User data is too long for GET request");
                }
            } else if (httpmethod.equals(HTTPMethod.POST)) {
                if (userData.length() >= MAX_HTTP_POST_LENGTH) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("User data is too long for an http POST request");
                }
                decodedUserData = Base64.decodeBase64(userData.getBytes());
                if (decodedUserData.length > MAX_HTTP_POST_LENGTH) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("User data is too long for POST request");
                }
            }

            if (decodedUserData.length < 1) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("User data is too short");
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_CREATE, eventDescription = "starting Vm", async = true)
    public UserVm startVirtualMachine(DeployVMCmd cmd) throws ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException, ConcurrentOperationException {
        return startVirtualMachine(cmd, null, cmd.getDeploymentPlanner());
    }

    protected UserVm startVirtualMachine(DeployVMCmd cmd, Map<VirtualMachineProfile.Param, Object> additonalParams, String deploymentPlannerToUse) throws ResourceUnavailableException,
            InsufficientCapacityException, ConcurrentOperationException {

        long vmId = cmd.getEntityId();
        Long hostId = cmd.getHostId();
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);

        Pair<UserVmVO, Map<VirtualMachineProfile.Param, Object>> vmParamPair = null;
        try {
            vmParamPair = startVirtualMachine(vmId, hostId, additonalParams, deploymentPlannerToUse);
            vm = vmParamPair.first();
        } finally {
            updateVmStateForFailedVmCreation(vm.getId(), hostId);
        }

        // Check that the password was passed in and is valid
        VMTemplateVO template = _templateDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vm.getTemplateId());
        if (template.getEnablePassword()) {
            // this value is not being sent to the backend; need only for api
            // display purposes
            vm.setPassword((String)vmParamPair.second().get(VirtualMachineProfile.Param.VmPassword));
        }

        return vm;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean finalizeVirtualMachineProfile(VirtualMachineProfile profile, DeployDestination dest, ReservationContext context) {
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(profile.getId());
        Map<String, String> details = _vmDetailsDao.listDetailsKeyPairs(vm.getId());
        vm.setDetails(details);
        _templateMgr.prepareIsoForVmProfile(profile);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean setupVmForPvlan(boolean add, Long hostId, NicProfile nic) {
        if (!nic.getBroadCastUri().getScheme().equals("pvlan")) {
            return false;
        }
        String op = "add";
        if (!add) {
            // "delete" would remove all the rules(if using ovs) related to this vm
            op = "delete";
        }
        Network network = _networkDao.findById(nic.getNetworkId());
        Host host = _hostDao.findById(hostId);
        String networkTag = _networkModel.getNetworkTag(host.getHypervisorType(), network);
        PvlanSetupCommand cmd = PvlanSetupCommand.createVmSetup(op, nic.getBroadCastUri(), networkTag, nic.getMacAddress());
        Answer answer = null;
        try {
            answer = _agentMgr.send(hostId, cmd);
        } catch (OperationTimedoutException e) {
            s_logger.warn("Timed Out", e);
            return false;
        } catch (AgentUnavailableException e) {
            s_logger.warn("Agent Unavailable ", e);
            return false;
        }

        boolean result = true;
        if (answer == null || !answer.getResult()) {
            result = false;
        }
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean finalizeDeployment(Commands cmds, VirtualMachineProfile profile, DeployDestination dest, ReservationContext context) {
        UserVmVO userVm = _vmDao.findById(profile.getId());
        List<NicVO> nics = _nicDao.listByVmId(userVm.getId());
        for (NicVO nic : nics) {
            NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(nic.getNetworkId());
            if (network.getTrafficType() == TrafficType.Guest || network.getTrafficType() == TrafficType.Public) {
                userVm.setPrivateIpAddress(nic.getIp4Address());
                userVm.setPrivateMacAddress(nic.getMacAddress());
                _vmDao.update(userVm.getId(), userVm);
            }
        }

        List<VolumeVO> volumes = _volsDao.findByInstance(userVm.getId());
        VmDiskStatisticsVO diskstats = null;
        for (VolumeVO volume : volumes) {
            diskstats = _vmDiskStatsDao.findBy(userVm.getAccountId(), userVm.getDataCenterId(), userVm.getId(), volume.getId());
            if (diskstats == null) {
                diskstats = new VmDiskStatisticsVO(userVm.getAccountId(), userVm.getDataCenterId(), userVm.getId(), volume.getId());
               _vmDiskStatsDao.persist(diskstats);
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean finalizeCommandsOnStart(Commands cmds, VirtualMachineProfile profile) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean finalizeStart(VirtualMachineProfile profile, long hostId, Commands cmds, ReservationContext context) {
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(profile.getId());

        Answer[] answersToCmds = cmds.getAnswers();
        if (answersToCmds == null) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("Returning from finalizeStart() since there are no answers to read");
            }
            return true;
        }
        Answer startAnswer = cmds.getAnswer(StartAnswer.class);
        String returnedIp = null;
        String originalIp = null;
        if (startAnswer != null) {
            StartAnswer startAns = (StartAnswer)startAnswer;
            VirtualMachineTO vmTO = startAns.getVirtualMachine();
            for (NicTO nicTO : vmTO.getNics()) {
                if (nicTO.getType() == TrafficType.Guest) {
                    returnedIp = nicTO.getIp();
                }
            }
        }

        List<NicVO> nics = _nicDao.listByVmId(vm.getId());
        NicVO guestNic = null;
        NetworkVO guestNetwork = null;
        for (NicVO nic : nics) {
            NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(nic.getNetworkId());
            long isDefault = (nic.isDefaultNic()) ? 1 : 0;
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_NETWORK_OFFERING_ASSIGN, vm.getAccountId(), vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getId(), Long.toString(nic.getId()),
                    network.getNetworkOfferingId(), null, isDefault, VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vm.getUuid(), vm.isDisplay());
            if (network.getTrafficType() == TrafficType.Guest) {
                originalIp = nic.getIp4Address();
                guestNic = nic;
                guestNetwork = network;
                // In vmware, we will be effecting pvlan settings in portgroups in StartCommand.
                if (profile.getHypervisorType() != HypervisorType.VMware) {
                    if (nic.getBroadcastUri().getScheme().equals("pvlan")) {
                        NicProfile nicProfile = new NicProfile(nic, network, nic.getBroadcastUri(), nic.getIsolationUri(), 0, false, "pvlan-nic");
                        if (!setupVmForPvlan(true, hostId, nicProfile)) {
                            return false;
                        }
                    }
                }
        }
        }
        boolean ipChanged = false;
        if (originalIp != null && !originalIp.equalsIgnoreCase(returnedIp)) {
            if (returnedIp != null && guestNic != null) {
                guestNic.setIp4Address(returnedIp);
                ipChanged = true;
            }
        }
        if (returnedIp != null && !returnedIp.equalsIgnoreCase(originalIp)) {
            if (guestNic != null) {
                guestNic.setIp4Address(returnedIp);
                ipChanged = true;
            }
        }
        if (ipChanged) {
            _dcDao.findById(vm.getDataCenterId());
            UserVmVO userVm = _vmDao.findById(profile.getId());
            // dc.getDhcpProvider().equalsIgnoreCase(Provider.ExternalDhcpServer.getName())
            if (_ntwkSrvcDao.canProviderSupportServiceInNetwork(guestNetwork.getId(), Service.Dhcp, Provider.ExternalDhcpServer)) {
                _nicDao.update(guestNic.getId(), guestNic);
                userVm.setPrivateIpAddress(guestNic.getIp4Address());
                _vmDao.update(userVm.getId(), userVm);

                s_logger.info("Detected that ip changed in the answer, updated nic in the db with new ip " + returnedIp);
            }
        }

        // get system ip and create static nat rule for the vm
        try {
            _rulesMgr.getSystemIpAndEnableStaticNatForVm(profile.getVirtualMachine(), false);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            s_logger.warn("Failed to get system ip and enable static nat for the vm " + profile.getVirtualMachine() + " due to exception ", ex);
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void finalizeExpunge(VirtualMachine vm) {
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_STOP, eventDescription = "stopping Vm", async = true)
    public UserVm stopVirtualMachine(long vmId, boolean forced) throws ConcurrentOperationException {
        // Input validation
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        Long userId = CallContext.current().getCallingUserId();

        // if account is removed, return error
        if (caller != null && caller.getRemoved() != null) {
            throw new PermissionDeniedException("The account " + caller.getId() + " is removed");
        }

        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with id " + vmId);
        }

        _userDao.findById(userId);
        boolean status = false;
        try {
            VirtualMachineEntity vmEntity = _orchSrvc.getVirtualMachine(vm.getUuid());
            status = vmEntity.stop(Long.toString(userId));
            if (status) {
               return _vmDao.findById(vmId);
            } else {
               return null;
            }
        } catch (ResourceUnavailableException e) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to contact the agent to stop the virtual machine " + vm, e);
        } catch (CloudException e) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to contact the agent to stop the virtual machine " + vm, e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void finalizeStop(VirtualMachineProfile profile, Answer answer) {
        VirtualMachine vm = profile.getVirtualMachine();
        // release elastic IP here
        IPAddressVO ip = _ipAddressDao.findByAssociatedVmId(profile.getId());
        if (ip != null && ip.getSystem()) {
            CallContext ctx = CallContext.current();
            try {
                long networkId = ip.getAssociatedWithNetworkId();
                Network guestNetwork = _networkDao.findById(networkId);
                NetworkOffering offering = _entityMgr.findById(NetworkOffering.class, guestNetwork.getNetworkOfferingId());
                assert (offering.getAssociatePublicIP() == true) : "User VM should not have system owned public IP associated with it when offering configured not to associate public IP.";
                _rulesMgr.disableStaticNat(ip.getId(), ctx.getCallingAccount(), ctx.getCallingUserId(), true);
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                s_logger.warn("Failed to disable static nat and release system ip " + ip + " as a part of vm " + profile.getVirtualMachine() + " stop due to exception ", ex);
            }
        }

        List<NicVO> nics = _nicDao.listByVmId(vm.getId());
        for (NicVO nic : nics) {
            NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(nic.getNetworkId());
            if (network.getTrafficType() == TrafficType.Guest) {
                if (nic.getBroadcastUri() != null && nic.getBroadcastUri().getScheme().equals("pvlan")) {
                    NicProfile nicProfile = new NicProfile(nic, network, nic.getBroadcastUri(), nic.getIsolationUri(), 0, false, "pvlan-nic");
                    setupVmForPvlan(false, vm.getHostId(), nicProfile);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public String generateRandomPassword() {
        return PasswordGenerator.generateRandomPassword(6);
    }

    @Override
    public Pair<UserVmVO, Map<VirtualMachineProfile.Param, Object>> startVirtualMachine(long vmId, Long hostId, Map<VirtualMachineProfile.Param, Object> additionalParams, String deploymentPlannerToUse)
            throws ConcurrentOperationException, ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException {
        // Input validation
        Account callerAccount = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        UserVO callerUser = _userDao.findById(CallContext.current().getCallingUserId());

        // if account is removed, return error
        if (callerAccount != null && callerAccount.getRemoved() != null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("The account " + callerAccount.getId() + " is removed");
        }

        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with id " + vmId);
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(callerAccount, null, vm);

        Account owner = _accountDao.findById(vm.getAccountId());

        if (owner == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("The owner of " + vm + " does not exist: " + vm.getAccountId());
        }

        if (owner.getState() == Account.State.disabled) {
            throw new PermissionDeniedException("The owner of " + vm + " is disabled: " + vm.getAccountId());
        }

        Host destinationHost = null;
        if (hostId != null) {
            Account account = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
            if (!_accountService.isRootAdmin(account.getId())) {
                throw new PermissionDeniedException(
                        "Parameter hostid can only be specified by a Root Admin, permission denied");
            }
            destinationHost = _hostDao.findById(hostId);
            if (destinationHost == null) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find the host to deploy the VM, host id=" + hostId);
            }
        }

        // check if vm is security group enabled
        if (_securityGroupMgr.isVmSecurityGroupEnabled(vmId) && _securityGroupMgr.getSecurityGroupsForVm(vmId).isEmpty()
                && !_securityGroupMgr.isVmMappedToDefaultSecurityGroup(vmId) && _networkModel.canAddDefaultSecurityGroup()) {
            // if vm is not mapped to security group, create a mapping
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("Vm " + vm + " is security group enabled, but not mapped to default security group; creating the mapping automatically");
            }

            SecurityGroup defaultSecurityGroup = _securityGroupMgr.getDefaultSecurityGroup(vm.getAccountId());
            if (defaultSecurityGroup != null) {
                List<Long> groupList = new ArrayList<Long>();
                groupList.add(defaultSecurityGroup.getId());
                _securityGroupMgr.addInstanceToGroups(vmId, groupList);
            }
        }

        DataCenterDeployment plan = null;
        if (destinationHost != null) {
            s_logger.debug("Destination Host to deploy the VM is specified, specifying a deployment plan to deploy the VM");
            plan = new DataCenterDeployment(vm.getDataCenterId(), destinationHost.getPodId(), destinationHost.getClusterId(), destinationHost.getId(), null, null);
        }

        // Set parameters
        Map<VirtualMachineProfile.Param, Object> params = null;
        VMTemplateVO template = null;
        if (vm.isUpdateParameters()) {
            _vmDao.loadDetails(vm);
            // Check that the password was passed in and is valid
            template = _templateDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vm.getTemplateId());

            String password = "saved_password";
            if (template.getEnablePassword()) {
                password = generateRandomPassword();
            }

            if (!validPassword(password)) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("A valid password for this virtual machine was not provided.");
            }

            // Check if an SSH key pair was selected for the instance and if so
            // use it to encrypt & save the vm password
            encryptAndStorePassword(vm, password);

            params = new HashMap<VirtualMachineProfile.Param, Object>();
            if (additionalParams != null) {
                params.putAll(additionalParams);
            }
            params.put(VirtualMachineProfile.Param.VmPassword, password);
        }

        VirtualMachineEntity vmEntity = _orchSrvc.getVirtualMachine(vm.getUuid());

        DeploymentPlanner planner = null;
        if (deploymentPlannerToUse != null) {
            // if set to null, the deployment planner would be later figured out either from global config var, or from
            // the service offering
            planner = _planningMgr.getDeploymentPlannerByName(deploymentPlannerToUse);
            if (planner == null) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Can't find a planner by name " + deploymentPlannerToUse);
            }
        }

        String reservationId = vmEntity.reserve(planner, plan, new ExcludeList(), Long.toString(callerUser.getId()));
        vmEntity.deploy(reservationId, Long.toString(callerUser.getId()), params);

        Pair<UserVmVO, Map<VirtualMachineProfile.Param, Object>> vmParamPair = new Pair(vm, params);
        if (vm != null && vm.isUpdateParameters()) {
            // this value is not being sent to the backend; need only for api
            // display purposes
            if (template.getEnablePassword()) {
                vm.setPassword((String)vmParamPair.second().get(VirtualMachineProfile.Param.VmPassword));
                vm.setUpdateParameters(false);
                _vmDao.update(vm.getId(), vm);
            }
        }

        return vmParamPair;
    }

    @Override
    public UserVm destroyVm(long vmId) throws ResourceUnavailableException, ConcurrentOperationException {
        // Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        // Long userId = CallContext.current().getCallingUserId();
        Long userId = 2L;

        // Verify input parameters
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm == null || vm.getRemoved() != null) {
            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find a virtual machine with specified vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        if (vm.getState() == State.Destroyed || vm.getState() == State.Expunging) {
            s_logger.trace("Vm id=" + vmId + " is already destroyed");
            return vm;
        }

        // _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, true, vm);
        User userCaller = _userDao.findById(userId);

        boolean status;
        State vmState = vm.getState();

        try {
            VirtualMachineEntity vmEntity = _orchSrvc.getVirtualMachine(vm.getUuid());
            status = vmEntity.destroy(Long.toString(userId));
        } catch (CloudException e) {
            CloudRuntimeException ex = new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to destroy with specified vmId", e);
            ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        if (status) {
            // Mark the account's volumes as destroyed
            List<VolumeVO> volumes = _volsDao.findByInstance(vmId);
            for (VolumeVO volume : volumes) {
                if (volume.getVolumeType().equals(Volume.Type.ROOT)) {
                    UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_VOLUME_DELETE, volume.getAccountId(), volume.getDataCenterId(), volume.getId(), volume.getName(),
                            Volume.class.getName(), volume.getUuid(), volume.isDisplayVolume());
                }
            }

            if (vmState != State.Error) {
                // Get serviceOffering for Virtual Machine
                ServiceOfferingVO offering = _serviceOfferingDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vm.getId(), vm.getServiceOfferingId());

                //Update Resource Count for the given account
                resourceCountDecrement(vm.getAccountId(), vm.isDisplayVm(), new Long(offering.getCpu()), new Long(offering.getRamSize()));
            }
            return _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        } else {
            CloudRuntimeException ex = new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to destroy vm with specified vmId");
            ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void collectVmDiskStatistics(final UserVmVO userVm) {
        // support KVM only util 2013.06.25
        if (!userVm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.KVM))
            return;
        s_logger.debug("Collect vm disk statistics from host before stopping Vm");
        long hostId = userVm.getHostId();
        List<String> vmNames = new ArrayList<String>();
        vmNames.add(userVm.getInstanceName());
        final HostVO host = _hostDao.findById(hostId);

        GetVmDiskStatsAnswer diskStatsAnswer = null;
        try {
            diskStatsAnswer = (GetVmDiskStatsAnswer)_agentMgr.easySend(hostId, new GetVmDiskStatsCommand(vmNames, host.getGuid(), host.getName()));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            s_logger.warn("Error while collecting disk stats for vm: " + userVm.getInstanceName() + " from host: " + host.getName(), e);
            return;
        }
        if (diskStatsAnswer != null) {
            if (!diskStatsAnswer.getResult()) {
                s_logger.warn("Error while collecting disk stats vm: " + userVm.getInstanceName() + " from host: " + host.getName() + "; details: " + diskStatsAnswer.getDetails());
                return;
            }
            try {
                final GetVmDiskStatsAnswer diskStatsAnswerFinal = diskStatsAnswer;
                Transaction.execute(new TransactionCallbackNoReturn() {
                    @Override
                    public void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus status) {
                        HashMap<String, List<VmDiskStatsEntry>> vmDiskStatsByName = diskStatsAnswerFinal.getVmDiskStatsMap();
                        if (vmDiskStatsByName == null)
                            return;
                        List<VmDiskStatsEntry> vmDiskStats = vmDiskStatsByName.get(userVm.getInstanceName());
                        if (vmDiskStats == null)
                            return;

                        for (VmDiskStatsEntry vmDiskStat : vmDiskStats) {
                            SearchCriteria<VolumeVO> sc_volume = _volsDao.createSearchCriteria();
                            sc_volume.addAnd("path", SearchCriteria.Op.EQ, vmDiskStat.getPath());
                            List<VolumeVO> volumes = _volsDao.search(sc_volume, null);
                            if ((volumes == null) || (volumes.size() == 0))
                                break;
                            VolumeVO volume = volumes.get(0);
                            VmDiskStatisticsVO previousVmDiskStats = _vmDiskStatsDao.findBy(userVm.getAccountId(), userVm.getDataCenterId(), userVm.getId(), volume.getId());
                            VmDiskStatisticsVO vmDiskStat_lock = _vmDiskStatsDao.lock(userVm.getAccountId(), userVm.getDataCenterId(), userVm.getId(), volume.getId());

                            if ((vmDiskStat.getIORead() == 0) && (vmDiskStat.getIOWrite() == 0) && (vmDiskStat.getBytesRead() == 0) && (vmDiskStat.getBytesWrite() == 0)) {
                                s_logger.debug("Read/Write of IO and Bytes are both 0. Not updating vm_disk_statistics");
                                continue;
                            }

                            if (vmDiskStat_lock == null) {
                                s_logger.warn("unable to find vm disk stats from host for account: " + userVm.getAccountId() + " with vmId: " + userVm.getId() + " and volumeId:"
                                        + volume.getId());
                                continue;
                            }

                            if (previousVmDiskStats != null
                                    && ((previousVmDiskStats.getCurrentIORead() != vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentIORead()) || ((previousVmDiskStats.getCurrentIOWrite() != vmDiskStat_lock
                                            .getCurrentIOWrite())
                                            || (previousVmDiskStats.getCurrentBytesRead() != vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentBytesRead()) || (previousVmDiskStats
                                            .getCurrentBytesWrite() != vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentBytesWrite())))) {
                                s_logger.debug("vm disk stats changed from the time GetVmDiskStatsCommand was sent. " + "Ignoring current answer. Host: " + host.getName()
                                        + " . VM: " + vmDiskStat.getVmName() + " IO Read: " + vmDiskStat.getIORead() + " IO Write: " + vmDiskStat.getIOWrite() + " Bytes Read: "
                                        + vmDiskStat.getBytesRead() + " Bytes Write: " + vmDiskStat.getBytesWrite());
                                continue;
                            }

                            if (vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentIORead() > vmDiskStat.getIORead()) {
                                if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                                    s_logger.debug("Read # of IO that's less than the last one.  " + "Assuming something went wrong and persisting it. Host: " + host.getName()
                                            + " . VM: " + vmDiskStat.getVmName() + " Reported: " + vmDiskStat.getIORead() + " Stored: " + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentIORead());
                                }
                                vmDiskStat_lock.setNetIORead(vmDiskStat_lock.getNetIORead() + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentIORead());
                            }
                            vmDiskStat_lock.setCurrentIORead(vmDiskStat.getIORead());
                            if (vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentIOWrite() > vmDiskStat.getIOWrite()) {
                                if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                                    s_logger.debug("Write # of IO that's less than the last one.  " + "Assuming something went wrong and persisting it. Host: " + host.getName()
                                            + " . VM: " + vmDiskStat.getVmName() + " Reported: " + vmDiskStat.getIOWrite() + " Stored: " + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentIOWrite());
                                }
                                vmDiskStat_lock.setNetIOWrite(vmDiskStat_lock.getNetIOWrite() + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentIOWrite());
                            }
                            vmDiskStat_lock.setCurrentIOWrite(vmDiskStat.getIOWrite());
                            if (vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentBytesRead() > vmDiskStat.getBytesRead()) {
                                if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                                    s_logger.debug("Read # of Bytes that's less than the last one.  " + "Assuming something went wrong and persisting it. Host: " + host.getName()
                                            + " . VM: " + vmDiskStat.getVmName() + " Reported: " + vmDiskStat.getBytesRead() + " Stored: " + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentBytesRead());
                                }
                                vmDiskStat_lock.setNetBytesRead(vmDiskStat_lock.getNetBytesRead() + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentBytesRead());
                            }
                            vmDiskStat_lock.setCurrentBytesRead(vmDiskStat.getBytesRead());
                            if (vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentBytesWrite() > vmDiskStat.getBytesWrite()) {
                                if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                                    s_logger.debug("Write # of Bytes that's less than the last one.  " + "Assuming something went wrong and persisting it. Host: " + host.getName()
                                            + " . VM: " + vmDiskStat.getVmName() + " Reported: " + vmDiskStat.getBytesWrite() + " Stored: "
                                            + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentBytesWrite());
                                }
                                vmDiskStat_lock.setNetBytesWrite(vmDiskStat_lock.getNetBytesWrite() + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentBytesWrite());
                            }
                            vmDiskStat_lock.setCurrentBytesWrite(vmDiskStat.getBytesWrite());

                            if (!_dailyOrHourly) {
                                //update agg bytes
                                vmDiskStat_lock.setAggIORead(vmDiskStat_lock.getNetIORead() + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentIORead());
                                vmDiskStat_lock.setAggIOWrite(vmDiskStat_lock.getNetIOWrite() + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentIOWrite());
                                vmDiskStat_lock.setAggBytesRead(vmDiskStat_lock.getNetBytesRead() + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentBytesRead());
                                vmDiskStat_lock.setAggBytesWrite(vmDiskStat_lock.getNetBytesWrite() + vmDiskStat_lock.getCurrentBytesWrite());
                            }

                            _vmDiskStatsDao.update(vmDiskStat_lock.getId(), vmDiskStat_lock);
                        }
                    }
                });
            } catch (Exception e) {
                s_logger.warn("Unable to update vm disk statistics for vm: " + userVm.getId() + " from host: " + hostId, e);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public UserVm expungeVm(long vmId) throws ResourceUnavailableException, ConcurrentOperationException {
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        Long userId = caller.getId();

        // Verify input parameters
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm == null) {
            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find a virtual machine with specified vmId");
            ex.addProxyObject(String.valueOf(vmId), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        if (vm.getRemoved() != null) {
            s_logger.trace("Vm id=" + vmId + " is already expunged");
            return vm;
        }

        if ((vm.getState() != State.Destroyed) && (vm.getState() != State.Expunging)) {
            CloudRuntimeException ex = new CloudRuntimeException("Please destroy vm with specified vmId before expunge");
            ex.addProxyObject(String.valueOf(vmId), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, vm);

        boolean status;

        status = expunge(vm, userId, caller);
        if (status) {
            return _vmDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vmId);
        } else {
            CloudRuntimeException ex = new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to expunge vm with specified vmId");
            ex.addProxyObject(String.valueOf(vmId), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

    }

    @Override
    public HypervisorType getHypervisorTypeOfUserVM(long vmId) {
        UserVmVO userVm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (userVm == null) {
            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("unable to find a virtual machine with specified id");
            ex.addProxyObject(String.valueOf(vmId), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        return userVm.getHypervisorType();
    }

    @Override
    public UserVm createVirtualMachine(DeployVMCmd cmd) throws InsufficientCapacityException, ResourceUnavailableException, ConcurrentOperationException,
            StorageUnavailableException, ResourceAllocationException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public UserVm getUserVm(long vmId) {
        return _vmDao.findById(vmId);
    }

    @Override
    public VirtualMachine vmStorageMigration(Long vmId, StoragePool destPool) {
        // access check - only root admin can migrate VM
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        if (!_accountMgr.isRootAdmin(caller.getId())) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("Caller is not a root admin, permission denied to migrate the VM");
            }
            throw new PermissionDeniedException("No permission to migrate VM, Only Root Admin can migrate a VM!");
        }

        VMInstanceVO vm = _vmInstanceDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find the VM by id=" + vmId);
        }

        if (vm.getState() != State.Stopped) {
            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("VM is not Stopped, unable to migrate the vm having the specified id");
            ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        if (vm.getType() != VirtualMachine.Type.User) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("can only do storage migration on user vm");
        }

        List<VolumeVO> vols = _volsDao.findByInstance(vm.getId());
        if (vols.size() > 1) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Data disks attached to the vm, can not migrate. Need to dettach data disks at first");
        }

        HypervisorType destHypervisorType = destPool.getHypervisor();
        if (destHypervisorType == null) {
            destHypervisorType = _clusterDao.findById(
                destPool.getClusterId()).getHypervisorType();
        }

        if (vm.getHypervisorType() != destHypervisorType) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("hypervisor is not compatible: dest: " + destHypervisorType.toString() + ", vm: " + vm.getHypervisorType().toString());
        }
        _itMgr.storageMigration(vm.getUuid(), destPool);
        return _vmDao.findById(vm.getId());

    }

    private boolean isVMUsingLocalStorage(VMInstanceVO vm) {
        boolean usesLocalStorage = false;
        ServiceOfferingVO svcOffering = _serviceOfferingDao.findById(vm.getId(), vm.getServiceOfferingId());
        if (svcOffering.getUseLocalStorage()) {
            usesLocalStorage = true;
        } else {
            List<VolumeVO> volumes = _volsDao.findByInstanceAndType(vm.getId(), Volume.Type.DATADISK);
            for (VolumeVO vol : volumes) {
                DiskOfferingVO diskOffering = _diskOfferingDao.findById(vol.getDiskOfferingId());
                if (diskOffering.getUseLocalStorage()) {
                    usesLocalStorage = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return usesLocalStorage;
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_MIGRATE, eventDescription = "migrating VM", async = true)
    public VirtualMachine migrateVirtualMachine(Long vmId, Host destinationHost) throws ResourceUnavailableException, ConcurrentOperationException, ManagementServerException,
            VirtualMachineMigrationException {
        // access check - only root admin can migrate VM
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        if (!_accountMgr.isRootAdmin(caller.getId())) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("Caller is not a root admin, permission denied to migrate the VM");
            }
            throw new PermissionDeniedException("No permission to migrate VM, Only Root Admin can migrate a VM!");
        }

        VMInstanceVO vm = _vmInstanceDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find the VM by id=" + vmId);
        }
        // business logic
        if (vm.getState() != State.Running) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("VM is not Running, unable to migrate the vm " + vm);
            }
            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("VM is not Running, unable to migrate the vm with specified id");
            ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        if(serviceOfferingDetailsDao.findDetail(vm.getServiceOfferingId(), GPU.Keys.pciDevice.toString()) != null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Live Migration of GPU enabled VM is not supported");
        }

        if (!vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.XenServer) && !vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.VMware) && !vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.KVM)
                && !vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.Ovm) && !vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.Hyperv)
                && !vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.Simulator)) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug(vm + " is not XenServer/VMware/KVM/Ovm/Hyperv, cannot migrate this VM.");
            }
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unsupported Hypervisor Type for VM migration, we support XenServer/VMware/KVM/Ovm/Hyperv only");
        }

        if (isVMUsingLocalStorage(vm)) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug(vm + " is using Local Storage, cannot migrate this VM.");
            }
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unsupported operation, VM uses Local storage, cannot migrate");
        }

        // check if migrating to same host
        long srcHostId = vm.getHostId();
        if (destinationHost.getId() == srcHostId) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Cannot migrate VM, VM is already presnt on this host, please specify valid destination host to migrate the VM");
        }

        // check if host is UP
        if (destinationHost.getState() != com.cloud.host.Status.Up || destinationHost.getResourceState() != ResourceState.Enabled) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Cannot migrate VM, destination host is not in correct state, has status: " + destinationHost.getState() + ", state: "
                            + destinationHost.getResourceState());
        }

        if (vm.getType() != VirtualMachine.Type.User) {
            // for System VMs check that the destination host is within the same
            // cluster
            HostVO srcHost = _hostDao.findById(srcHostId);
            if (srcHost != null && srcHost.getClusterId() != null && destinationHost.getClusterId() != null) {
                if (srcHost.getClusterId().longValue() != destinationHost.getClusterId().longValue()) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Cannot migrate the VM, destination host is not in the same cluster as current host of the VM");
                }
            }
        }

        checkHostsDedication(vm, srcHostId, destinationHost.getId());

         // call to core process
        DataCenterVO dcVO = _dcDao.findById(destinationHost.getDataCenterId());
        HostPodVO pod = _podDao.findById(destinationHost.getPodId());
        Cluster cluster = _clusterDao.findById(destinationHost.getClusterId());
        DeployDestination dest = new DeployDestination(dcVO, pod, cluster, destinationHost);

        // check max guest vm limit for the destinationHost
        HostVO destinationHostVO = _hostDao.findById(destinationHost.getId());
        if (_capacityMgr.checkIfHostReachMaxGuestLimit(destinationHostVO)) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("Host name: " + destinationHost.getName() + ", hostId: " + destinationHost.getId()
                        + " already has max Running VMs(count includes system VMs), cannot migrate to this host");
            }
            throw new VirtualMachineMigrationException("Destination host, hostId: " + destinationHost.getId()
                            + " already has max Running VMs(count includes system VMs), cannot migrate to this host");
        }

        UserVmVO uservm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (uservm != null) {
            collectVmDiskStatistics(uservm);
        }
        _itMgr.migrate(vm.getUuid(), srcHostId, dest);
        VMInstanceVO vmInstance = _vmInstanceDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vmInstance.getType().equals(VirtualMachine.Type.User)) {
        return _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        } else {
            return vmInstance;
        }
    }

    private boolean checkIfHostIsDedicated(HostVO host) {
        long hostId = host.getId();
        DedicatedResourceVO dedicatedHost = _dedicatedDao.findByHostId(hostId);
        DedicatedResourceVO dedicatedClusterOfHost = _dedicatedDao.findByClusterId(host.getClusterId());
        DedicatedResourceVO dedicatedPodOfHost = _dedicatedDao.findByPodId(host.getPodId());
        if (dedicatedHost != null || dedicatedClusterOfHost != null || dedicatedPodOfHost != null) {
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    private Long accountOfDedicatedHost(HostVO host) {
        long hostId = host.getId();
        DedicatedResourceVO dedicatedHost = _dedicatedDao.findByHostId(hostId);
        DedicatedResourceVO dedicatedClusterOfHost = _dedicatedDao.findByClusterId(host.getClusterId());
        DedicatedResourceVO dedicatedPodOfHost = _dedicatedDao.findByPodId(host.getPodId());
        if (dedicatedHost != null) {
            return dedicatedHost.getAccountId();
        }
        if (dedicatedClusterOfHost != null) {
            return dedicatedClusterOfHost.getAccountId();
        }
        if (dedicatedPodOfHost != null) {
            return dedicatedPodOfHost.getAccountId();
        }
        return null;
    }

    private Long domainOfDedicatedHost(HostVO host) {
        long hostId = host.getId();
        DedicatedResourceVO dedicatedHost = _dedicatedDao.findByHostId(hostId);
        DedicatedResourceVO dedicatedClusterOfHost = _dedicatedDao.findByClusterId(host.getClusterId());
        DedicatedResourceVO dedicatedPodOfHost = _dedicatedDao.findByPodId(host.getPodId());
        if (dedicatedHost != null) {
            return dedicatedHost.getDomainId();
        }
        if (dedicatedClusterOfHost != null) {
            return dedicatedClusterOfHost.getDomainId();
        }
        if (dedicatedPodOfHost != null) {
            return dedicatedPodOfHost.getDomainId();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public void checkHostsDedication(VMInstanceVO vm, long srcHostId, long destHostId) {
        HostVO srcHost = _hostDao.findById(srcHostId);
        HostVO destHost = _hostDao.findById(destHostId);
        boolean srcExplDedicated = checkIfHostIsDedicated(srcHost);
        boolean destExplDedicated = checkIfHostIsDedicated(destHost);
        //if srcHost is explicitly dedicated and destination Host is not
        if (srcExplDedicated && !destExplDedicated) {
            //raise an alert
            String msg = "VM is being migrated from a explicitly dedicated host " + srcHost.getName() + " to non-dedicated host " + destHost.getName();
            _alertMgr.sendAlert(AlertManager.AlertType.ALERT_TYPE_USERVM, vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getPodIdToDeployIn(), msg, msg);
            s_logger.warn(msg);
        }
        //if srcHost is non dedicated but destination Host is explicitly dedicated
        if (!srcExplDedicated && destExplDedicated) {
            //raise an alert
            String msg = "VM is being migrated from a non dedicated host " + srcHost.getName() + " to a explicitly dedicated host " + destHost.getName();
            _alertMgr.sendAlert(AlertManager.AlertType.ALERT_TYPE_USERVM, vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getPodIdToDeployIn(), msg, msg);
            s_logger.warn(msg);
        }

        //if hosts are dedicated to different account/domains, raise an alert
        if (srcExplDedicated && destExplDedicated) {
            if (!((accountOfDedicatedHost(srcHost) == null) || (accountOfDedicatedHost(srcHost).equals(accountOfDedicatedHost(destHost))))) {
                String msg = "VM is being migrated from host " + srcHost.getName() + " explicitly dedicated to account " + accountOfDedicatedHost(srcHost) + " to host "
                        + destHost.getName() + " explicitly dedicated to account " + accountOfDedicatedHost(destHost);
                _alertMgr.sendAlert(AlertManager.AlertType.ALERT_TYPE_USERVM, vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getPodIdToDeployIn(), msg, msg);
                s_logger.warn(msg);
            }
            if (!((domainOfDedicatedHost(srcHost) == null) || (domainOfDedicatedHost(srcHost).equals(domainOfDedicatedHost(destHost))))) {
                String msg = "VM is being migrated from host " + srcHost.getName() + " explicitly dedicated to domain " + domainOfDedicatedHost(srcHost) + " to host "
                        + destHost.getName() + " explicitly dedicated to domain " + domainOfDedicatedHost(destHost);
                _alertMgr.sendAlert(AlertManager.AlertType.ALERT_TYPE_USERVM, vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getPodIdToDeployIn(), msg, msg);
                s_logger.warn(msg);
            }
        }

        // Checks for implicitly dedicated hosts
        ServiceOfferingVO deployPlanner = _offeringDao.findById(vm.getId(), vm.getServiceOfferingId());
        if (deployPlanner.getDeploymentPlanner() != null && deployPlanner.getDeploymentPlanner().equals("ImplicitDedicationPlanner")) {
            //VM is deployed using implicit planner
            long accountOfVm = vm.getAccountId();
            String msg = "VM of account " + accountOfVm + " with implicit deployment planner being migrated to host " + destHost.getName();
            //Get all vms on destination host
            boolean emptyDestination = false;
            List<VMInstanceVO> vmsOnDest = getVmsOnHost(destHostId);
            if (vmsOnDest == null || vmsOnDest.isEmpty()) {
                emptyDestination = true;
            }

            if (!emptyDestination) {
                //Check if vm is deployed using strict implicit planner
                if (!isServiceOfferingUsingPlannerInPreferredMode(vm.getServiceOfferingId())) {
                    //Check if all vms on destination host are created using strict implicit mode
                    if (!checkIfAllVmsCreatedInStrictMode(accountOfVm, vmsOnDest)) {
                        msg = "VM of account " + accountOfVm + " with strict implicit deployment planner being migrated to host " + destHost.getName()
                                + " not having all vms strict implicitly dedicated to account " + accountOfVm;
                    }
                } else {
                    //If vm is deployed using preferred implicit planner, check if all vms on destination host must be
                    //using implicit planner and must belong to same account
                    for (VMInstanceVO vmsDest : vmsOnDest) {
                        ServiceOfferingVO destPlanner = _offeringDao.findById(vm.getId(), vmsDest.getServiceOfferingId());
                        if (!((destPlanner.getDeploymentPlanner() != null && destPlanner.getDeploymentPlanner().equals("ImplicitDedicationPlanner")) && vmsDest.getAccountId() == accountOfVm)) {
                            msg = "VM of account " + accountOfVm + " with preffered implicit deployment planner being migrated to host " + destHost.getName()
                                    + " not having all vms implicitly dedicated to account " + accountOfVm;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            _alertMgr.sendAlert(AlertManager.AlertType.ALERT_TYPE_USERVM, vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getPodIdToDeployIn(), msg, msg);
            s_logger.warn(msg);

        } else {
            //VM is not deployed using implicit planner, check if it migrated between dedicated hosts
            List<PlannerHostReservationVO> reservedHosts = _plannerHostReservationDao.listAllDedicatedHosts();
            boolean srcImplDedicated = false;
            boolean destImplDedicated = false;
            String msg = null;
            for (PlannerHostReservationVO reservedHost : reservedHosts) {
                if (reservedHost.getHostId() == srcHostId) {
                    srcImplDedicated = true;
                }
                if (reservedHost.getHostId() == destHostId) {
                    destImplDedicated = true;
                }
            }
            if (srcImplDedicated) {
                if (destImplDedicated) {
                    msg = "VM is being migrated from implicitly dedicated host " + srcHost.getName() + " to another implicitly dedicated host " + destHost.getName();
                } else {
                    msg = "VM is being migrated from implicitly dedicated host " + srcHost.getName() + " to shared host " + destHost.getName();
                }
                _alertMgr.sendAlert(AlertManager.AlertType.ALERT_TYPE_USERVM, vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getPodIdToDeployIn(), msg, msg);
                s_logger.warn(msg);
            } else {
                if (destImplDedicated) {
                    msg = "VM is being migrated from shared host " + srcHost.getName() + " to implicitly dedicated host " + destHost.getName();
                    _alertMgr.sendAlert(AlertManager.AlertType.ALERT_TYPE_USERVM, vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getPodIdToDeployIn(), msg, msg);
                    s_logger.warn(msg);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private List<VMInstanceVO> getVmsOnHost(long hostId) {
        List<VMInstanceVO> vms =  _vmInstanceDao.listUpByHostId(hostId);
        List<VMInstanceVO> vmsByLastHostId = _vmInstanceDao.listByLastHostId(hostId);
        if (vmsByLastHostId.size() > 0) {
            // check if any VMs are within skip.counting.hours, if yes we have to consider the host.
            for (VMInstanceVO stoppedVM : vmsByLastHostId) {
                long secondsSinceLastUpdate = (DateUtil.currentGMTTime().getTime() - stoppedVM.getUpdateTime().getTime()) / 1000;
                if (secondsSinceLastUpdate < capacityReleaseInterval) {
                    vms.add(stoppedVM);
                }
            }
        }

        return vms;
    }

    private boolean isServiceOfferingUsingPlannerInPreferredMode(long serviceOfferingId) {
        boolean preferred = false;
        Map<String, String> details = serviceOfferingDetailsDao.listDetailsKeyPairs(serviceOfferingId);
        if (details != null && !details.isEmpty()) {
            String preferredAttribute = details.get("ImplicitDedicationMode");
            if (preferredAttribute != null && preferredAttribute.equals("Preferred")) {
                preferred = true;
            }
        }
        return preferred;
    }

    private boolean checkIfAllVmsCreatedInStrictMode(Long accountId, List<VMInstanceVO> allVmsOnHost) {
        boolean createdByImplicitStrict = true;
        if (allVmsOnHost.isEmpty())
            return false;
        for (VMInstanceVO vm : allVmsOnHost) {
            if (!isImplicitPlannerUsedByOffering(vm.getServiceOfferingId()) || vm.getAccountId() != accountId) {
                s_logger.info("Host " + vm.getHostId() + " found to be running a vm created by a planner other" + " than implicit, or running vms of other account");
                createdByImplicitStrict = false;
                break;
            } else if (isServiceOfferingUsingPlannerInPreferredMode(vm.getServiceOfferingId()) || vm.getAccountId() != accountId) {
                s_logger.info("Host " + vm.getHostId() + " found to be running a vm created by an implicit planner" + " in preferred mode, or running vms of other account");
                createdByImplicitStrict = false;
                break;
            }
        }
        return createdByImplicitStrict;
    }

    private boolean isImplicitPlannerUsedByOffering(long offeringId) {
        boolean implicitPlannerUsed = false;
        ServiceOfferingVO offering = _serviceOfferingDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(offeringId);
        if (offering == null) {
            s_logger.error("Couldn't retrieve the offering by the given id : " + offeringId);
        } else {
            String plannerName = offering.getDeploymentPlanner();
            if (plannerName != null) {
                if (plannerName.equals("ImplicitDedicationPlanner")) {
                    implicitPlannerUsed = true;
                }
            }
        }

        return implicitPlannerUsed;
    }

    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_MIGRATE, eventDescription = "migrating VM", async = true)
    public VirtualMachine migrateVirtualMachineWithVolume(Long vmId, Host destinationHost, Map<String, String> volumeToPool) throws ResourceUnavailableException,
            ConcurrentOperationException, ManagementServerException, VirtualMachineMigrationException {
        // Access check - only root administrator can migrate VM.
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        if (!_accountMgr.isRootAdmin(caller.getId())) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("Caller is not a root admin, permission denied to migrate the VM");
            }
            throw new PermissionDeniedException("No permission to migrate VM, Only Root Admin can migrate a VM!");
        }

        VMInstanceVO vm = _vmInstanceDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find the vm by id " + vmId);
        }

        if (vm.getState() != State.Running) {
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("VM is not Running, unable to migrate the vm " + vm);
            }
            CloudRuntimeException ex = new CloudRuntimeException("VM is not Running, unable to migrate the vm with" + " specified id");
            ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        if(serviceOfferingDetailsDao.findDetail(vm.getServiceOfferingId(), GPU.Keys.pciDevice.toString()) != null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Live Migration of GPU enabled VM is not supported");
        }

        if (!vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.XenServer) && !vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.VMware) && !vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.KVM)
                && !vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.Ovm) && !vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.Hyperv)
                && !vm.getHypervisorType().equals(HypervisorType.Simulator)) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unsupported hypervisor type for vm migration, we support" + " XenServer/VMware/KVM only");
        }

        long srcHostId = vm.getHostId();
        Host srcHost = _resourceMgr.getHost(srcHostId);
        // Check if src and destination hosts are valid and migrating to same host
        if (destinationHost.getId() == srcHostId) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Cannot migrate VM, VM is already present on this host, please" + " specify valid destination host to migrate the VM");
        }

        // Check if the source and destination hosts are of the same type and support storage motion.
        if (!(srcHost.getHypervisorType().equals(destinationHost.getHypervisorType()) && srcHost.getHypervisorVersion().equals(destinationHost.getHypervisorVersion()))) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("The source and destination hosts are not of the same type and version. " + "Source hypervisor type and version: "
                    + srcHost.getHypervisorType().toString() + " " + srcHost.getHypervisorVersion() + ", Destination hypervisor type and version: "
                    + destinationHost.getHypervisorType().toString() + " " + destinationHost.getHypervisorVersion());
        }

        HypervisorCapabilitiesVO capabilities = _hypervisorCapabilitiesDao.findByHypervisorTypeAndVersion(srcHost.getHypervisorType(), srcHost.getHypervisorVersion());
        if (!capabilities.isStorageMotionSupported()) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Migration with storage isn't supported on hypervisor " + srcHost.getHypervisorType() + " of version " + srcHost.getHypervisorVersion());
        }

        // Check if destination host is up.
        if (destinationHost.getState() != com.cloud.host.Status.Up || destinationHost.getResourceState() != ResourceState.Enabled) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Cannot migrate VM, destination host is not in correct state, has " + "status: " + destinationHost.getState() + ", state: "
                    + destinationHost.getResourceState());
        }

        List<VolumeVO> vmVolumes = _volsDao.findUsableVolumesForInstance(vm.getId());
        Map<Volume, StoragePool> volToPoolObjectMap = new HashMap<Volume, StoragePool>();
        if (!isVMUsingLocalStorage(vm) && destinationHost.getClusterId().equals(srcHost.getClusterId())) {
            if (volumeToPool.isEmpty()) {
                // If the destination host is in the same cluster and volumes do not have to be migrated across pools
                // then fail the call. migrateVirtualMachine api should have been used.
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Migration of the vm " + vm + "from host " + srcHost + " to destination host " + destinationHost
                        + " doesn't involve migrating the volumes.");
            }
        }

        if (!volumeToPool.isEmpty()) {
            // Check if all the volumes and pools passed as parameters are valid.
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : volumeToPool.entrySet()) {
                VolumeVO volume = _volsDao.findByUuid(entry.getKey());
                StoragePoolVO pool = _storagePoolDao.findByUuid(entry.getValue());
                if (volume == null) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("There is no volume present with the given id " + entry.getKey());
                } else if (pool == null) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("There is no storage pool present with the given id " + entry.getValue());
                } else {
                    // Verify the volume given belongs to the vm.
                    if (!vmVolumes.contains(volume)) {
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("There volume " + volume + " doesn't belong to " + "the virtual machine " + vm + " that has to be migrated");
                    }
                    volToPoolObjectMap.put(volume, pool);
                }
            }
        }

        // Check if all the volumes are in the correct state.
        for (VolumeVO volume : vmVolumes) {
            if (volume.getState() != Volume.State.Ready) {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("Volume " + volume + " of the VM is not in Ready state. Cannot " + "migrate the vm with its volumes.");
            }
        }

        // Check max guest vm limit for the destinationHost.
        HostVO destinationHostVO = _hostDao.findById(destinationHost.getId());
        if (_capacityMgr.checkIfHostReachMaxGuestLimit(destinationHostVO)) {
            throw new VirtualMachineMigrationException("Host name: " + destinationHost.getName() + ", hostId: " + destinationHost.getId()
                    + " already has max running vms (count includes system VMs). Cannot" + " migrate to this host");
        }

        checkHostsDedication(vm, srcHostId, destinationHost.getId());

        _itMgr.migrateWithStorage(vm.getUuid(), srcHostId, destinationHost.getId(), volToPoolObjectMap);
        return _vmDao.findById(vm.getId());
    }

    @DB
    @Override
    @ActionEvent(eventType = EventTypes.EVENT_VM_MOVE, eventDescription = "move VM to another user", async = false)
    public UserVm moveVMToUser(final AssignVMCmd cmd) throws ResourceAllocationException, ConcurrentOperationException, ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException {
        // VERIFICATIONS and VALIDATIONS

        // VV 1: verify the two users
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();
        if (!_accountMgr.isRootAdmin(caller.getId())
                && !_accountMgr.isDomainAdmin(caller.getId())) { // only
            // root
            // admin
            // can
            // assign
            // VMs
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Only domain admins are allowed to assign VMs and not " + caller.getType());
        }

        // get and check the valid VM
        final UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(cmd.getVmId());
        if (vm == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("There is no vm by that id " + cmd.getVmId());
        } else if (vm.getState() == State.Running) { // VV 3: check if vm is
            // running
            if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                s_logger.debug("VM is Running, unable to move the vm " + vm);
            }
            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("VM is Running, unable to move the vm with specified vmId");
            ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        final Account oldAccount = _accountService.getActiveAccountById(vm.getAccountId());
        if (oldAccount == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Invalid account for VM " + vm.getAccountId() + " in domain.");
        }
        // don't allow to move the vm from the project
        if (oldAccount.getType() == Account.ACCOUNT_TYPE_PROJECT) {
            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("Specified Vm id belongs to the project and can't be moved");
            ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }
        final Account newAccount = _accountService.getActiveAccountByName(cmd.getAccountName(), cmd.getDomainId());
        if (newAccount == null || newAccount.getType() == Account.ACCOUNT_TYPE_PROJECT) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Invalid accountid=" + cmd.getAccountName() + " in domain " + cmd.getDomainId());
        }

        if (newAccount.getState() == Account.State.disabled) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("The new account owner " + cmd.getAccountName() + " is disabled.");
        }

        //check caller has access to both the old and new account
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, oldAccount);
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, newAccount);

        // make sure the accounts are not same
        if (oldAccount.getAccountId() == newAccount.getAccountId()) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("The new account is the same as the old account. Account id =" + oldAccount.getAccountId());
        }

        // don't allow to move the vm if there are existing PF/LB/Static Nat
        // rules, or vm is assigned to static Nat ip
        List<PortForwardingRuleVO> pfrules = _portForwardingDao.listByVm(cmd.getVmId());
        if (pfrules != null && pfrules.size() > 0) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Remove the Port forwarding rules for this VM before assigning to another user.");
        }
        List<FirewallRuleVO> snrules = _rulesDao.listStaticNatByVmId(vm.getId());
        if (snrules != null && snrules.size() > 0) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Remove the StaticNat rules for this VM before assigning to another user.");
        }
        List<LoadBalancerVMMapVO> maps = _loadBalancerVMMapDao.listByInstanceId(vm.getId());
        if (maps != null && maps.size() > 0) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Remove the load balancing rules for this VM before assigning to another user.");
        }
        // check for one on one nat
        IPAddressVO ip = _ipAddressDao.findByAssociatedVmId(cmd.getVmId());
        if (ip != null) {
            if (ip.isOneToOneNat()) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Remove the one to one nat rule for this VM for ip " + ip.toString());
            }
        }

        DataCenterVO zone = _dcDao.findById(vm.getDataCenterId());

        // Get serviceOffering and Volumes for Virtual Machine
        final ServiceOfferingVO offering = _serviceOfferingDao.findByIdIncludingRemoved(vm.getId(), vm.getServiceOfferingId());
        final List<VolumeVO> volumes = _volsDao.findByInstance(cmd.getVmId());

        //Remove vm from instance group
        removeInstanceFromInstanceGroup(cmd.getVmId());

        // VV 2: check if account/domain is with in resource limits to create a new vm
        resourceLimitCheck(newAccount, vm.isDisplayVm(), new Long(offering.getCpu()), new Long(offering.getRamSize()));

        // VV 3: check if volumes and primary storage space are with in resource limits
        _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(newAccount, ResourceType.volume, _volsDao.findByInstance(cmd.getVmId()).size());
        Long totalVolumesSize = (long)0;
        for (VolumeVO volume : volumes) {
            totalVolumesSize += volume.getSize();
        }
        _resourceLimitMgr.checkResourceLimit(newAccount, ResourceType.primary_storage, totalVolumesSize);

        // VV 4: Check if new owner can use the vm template
        VirtualMachineTemplate template = _templateDao.findById(vm.getTemplateId());
        if (!template.isPublicTemplate()) {
            Account templateOwner = _accountMgr.getAccount(template.getAccountId());
            _accountMgr.checkAccess(newAccount, null, templateOwner);
        }

        // VV 5: check the new account can create vm in the domain
        DomainVO domain = _domainDao.findById(cmd.getDomainId());
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(newAccount, domain);

        Transaction.execute(new TransactionCallbackNoReturn() {
            @Override
            public void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus status) {
        //generate destroy vm event for usage
                UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_VM_DESTROY, vm.getAccountId(), vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getId(), vm.getHostName(), vm.getServiceOfferingId(),
                        vm.getTemplateId(), vm.getHypervisorType().toString(), VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vm.getUuid(), vm.isDisplayVm());

        // update resource counts for old account
                resourceCountDecrement(oldAccount.getAccountId(), vm.isDisplayVm(), new Long(offering.getCpu()), new Long(offering.getRamSize()));

        // OWNERSHIP STEP 1: update the vm owner
        vm.setAccountId(newAccount.getAccountId());
        vm.setDomainId(cmd.getDomainId());
        _vmDao.persist(vm);

        // OS 2: update volume
        for (VolumeVO volume : volumes) {
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_VOLUME_DELETE, volume.getAccountId(), volume.getDataCenterId(), volume.getId(), volume.getName(),
                    Volume.class.getName(), volume.getUuid(), volume.isDisplayVolume());
            _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(oldAccount.getAccountId(), ResourceType.volume);
            _resourceLimitMgr.decrementResourceCount(oldAccount.getAccountId(), ResourceType.primary_storage, new Long(volume.getSize()));
            volume.setAccountId(newAccount.getAccountId());
            volume.setDomainId(newAccount.getDomainId());
            _volsDao.persist(volume);
            _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(newAccount.getAccountId(), ResourceType.volume);
            _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(newAccount.getAccountId(), ResourceType.primary_storage, new Long(volume.getSize()));
            UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_VOLUME_CREATE, volume.getAccountId(), volume.getDataCenterId(), volume.getId(), volume.getName(),
                    volume.getDiskOfferingId(), volume.getTemplateId(), volume.getSize(), Volume.class.getName(), volume.getUuid(), volume.isDisplayVolume());
            //snapshots: mark these removed in db
            List<SnapshotVO> snapshots = _snapshotDao.listByVolumeIdIncludingRemoved(volume.getId());
            for (SnapshotVO snapshot : snapshots) {
                _snapshotDao.remove(snapshot.getId());
            }
        }

        //update resource count of new account
                resourceCountIncrement(newAccount.getAccountId(), vm.isDisplayVm(), new Long(offering.getCpu()), new Long(offering.getRamSize()));

        //generate usage events to account for this change
                UsageEventUtils.publishUsageEvent(EventTypes.EVENT_VM_CREATE, vm.getAccountId(), vm.getDataCenterId(), vm.getId(), vm.getHostName(), vm.getServiceOfferingId(),
                        vm.getTemplateId(), vm.getHypervisorType().toString(), VirtualMachine.class.getName(), vm.getUuid(), vm.isDisplayVm());
            }
        });

        VirtualMachine vmoi = _itMgr.findById(vm.getId());
        VirtualMachineProfileImpl vmOldProfile = new VirtualMachineProfileImpl(vmoi);

        // OS 3: update the network
        List<Long> networkIdList = cmd.getNetworkIds();
        List<Long> securityGroupIdList = cmd.getSecurityGroupIdList();

        if (zone.getNetworkType() == NetworkType.Basic) {
            if (networkIdList != null && !networkIdList.isEmpty()) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Can't move vm with network Ids; this is a basic zone VM");
            }
            // cleanup the old security groups
            _securityGroupMgr.removeInstanceFromGroups(cmd.getVmId());
            // cleanup the network for the oldOwner
            _networkMgr.cleanupNics(vmOldProfile);
            _networkMgr.expungeNics(vmOldProfile);
            // security groups will be recreated for the new account, when the
            // VM is started
            List<NetworkVO> networkList = new ArrayList<NetworkVO>();

            // Get default guest network in Basic zone
            Network defaultNetwork = _networkModel.getExclusiveGuestNetwork(zone.getId());

            if (defaultNetwork == null) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find a default network to start a vm");
            } else {
                networkList.add(_networkDao.findById(defaultNetwork.getId()));
            }

            boolean isVmWare = (template.getHypervisorType() == HypervisorType.VMware);

            if (securityGroupIdList != null && isVmWare) {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Security group feature is not supported for vmWare hypervisor");
            } else if (!isVmWare && _networkModel.isSecurityGroupSupportedInNetwork(defaultNetwork) && _networkModel.canAddDefaultSecurityGroup()) {
                if (securityGroupIdList == null) {
                    securityGroupIdList = new ArrayList<Long>();
                }
                SecurityGroup defaultGroup = _securityGroupMgr.getDefaultSecurityGroup(newAccount.getId());
                if (defaultGroup != null) {
                    // check if security group id list already contains Default
                    // security group, and if not - add it
                    boolean defaultGroupPresent = false;
                    for (Long securityGroupId : securityGroupIdList) {
                        if (securityGroupId.longValue() == defaultGroup.getId()) {
                            defaultGroupPresent = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    if (!defaultGroupPresent) {
                        securityGroupIdList.add(defaultGroup.getId());
                    }

                } else {
                    // create default security group for the account
                    if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        s_logger.debug("Couldn't find default security group for the account " + newAccount + " so creating a new one");
                    }
                    defaultGroup = _securityGroupMgr.createSecurityGroup(SecurityGroupManager.DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME, SecurityGroupManager.DEFAULT_GROUP_DESCRIPTION,
                            newAccount.getDomainId(), newAccount.getId(), newAccount.getAccountName());
                    securityGroupIdList.add(defaultGroup.getId());
                }
            }

            LinkedHashMap<Network, List<? extends NicProfile>> networks = new LinkedHashMap<Network, List<? extends NicProfile>>();
            NicProfile profile = new NicProfile();
            profile.setDefaultNic(true);
            networks.put(networkList.get(0), new ArrayList<NicProfile>(Arrays.asList(profile)));

            VirtualMachine vmi = _itMgr.findById(vm.getId());
            VirtualMachineProfileImpl vmProfile = new VirtualMachineProfileImpl(vmi);
            _networkMgr.allocate(vmProfile, networks);

            _securityGroupMgr.addInstanceToGroups(vm.getId(), securityGroupIdList);

            s_logger.debug("AssignVM: Basic zone, adding security groups no " + securityGroupIdList.size() + " to " + vm.getInstanceName());
        } else {
            if (zone.isSecurityGroupEnabled())  {
                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Not yet implemented for SecurityGroupEnabled advanced networks.");
            } else {
                if (securityGroupIdList != null && !securityGroupIdList.isEmpty()) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Can't move vm with security groups; security group feature is not enabled in this zone");
                }
                // cleanup the network for the oldOwner
                _networkMgr.cleanupNics(vmOldProfile);
                _networkMgr.expungeNics(vmOldProfile);

                Set<NetworkVO> applicableNetworks = new HashSet<NetworkVO>();

                if (networkIdList != null && !networkIdList.isEmpty()) {
                    // add any additional networks
                    for (Long networkId : networkIdList) {
                        NetworkVO network = _networkDao.findById(networkId);
                        if (network == null) {
                            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find specified network id");
                            ex.addProxyObject(networkId.toString(), "networkId");
                            throw ex;
                        }

                        _networkModel.checkNetworkPermissions(newAccount, network);

                        // don't allow to use system networks
                        NetworkOffering networkOffering = _entityMgr.findById(NetworkOffering.class, network.getNetworkOfferingId());
                        if (networkOffering.isSystemOnly()) {
                            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("Specified Network id is system only and can't be used for vm deployment");
                            ex.addProxyObject(network.getUuid(), "networkId");
                            throw ex;
                        }
                        applicableNetworks.add(network);
                    }
                } else {
                    NetworkVO defaultNetwork = null;
                    List<NetworkOfferingVO> requiredOfferings = _networkOfferingDao.listByAvailability(Availability.Required, false);
                    if (requiredOfferings.size() < 1) {
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find network offering with availability=" + Availability.Required
                                        + " to automatically create the network as a part of vm creation");
                    }
                    if (requiredOfferings.get(0).getState() == NetworkOffering.State.Enabled) {
                        // get Virtual networks
                        List<? extends Network> virtualNetworks = _networkModel.listNetworksForAccount(newAccount.getId(), zone.getId(), Network.GuestType.Isolated);
                        if (virtualNetworks.isEmpty()) {
                            long physicalNetworkId = _networkModel.findPhysicalNetworkId(zone.getId(), requiredOfferings.get(0).getTags(), requiredOfferings.get(0)
                                    .getTrafficType());
                            // Validate physical network
                            PhysicalNetwork physicalNetwork = _physicalNetworkDao.findById(physicalNetworkId);
                            if (physicalNetwork == null) {
                                throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find physical network with id: " + physicalNetworkId + " and tag: "
                                        + requiredOfferings.get(0).getTags());
                            }
                            s_logger.debug("Creating network for account " + newAccount + " from the network offering id=" + requiredOfferings.get(0).getId()
                                    + " as a part of deployVM process");
                            Network newNetwork = _networkMgr.createGuestNetwork(requiredOfferings.get(0).getId(), newAccount.getAccountName() + "-network",
                                    newAccount.getAccountName() + "-network", null, null, null, null, newAccount, null, physicalNetwork, zone.getId(), ACLType.Account, null, null,
                                    null, null, true, null);
                            // if the network offering has persistent set to true, implement the network
                            if (requiredOfferings.get(0).getIsPersistent()) {
                                DeployDestination dest = new DeployDestination(zone, null, null, null);
                                UserVO callerUser = _userDao.findById(CallContext.current().getCallingUserId());
                                Journal journal = new Journal.LogJournal("Implementing " + newNetwork, s_logger);
                                ReservationContext context = new ReservationContextImpl(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), journal, callerUser, caller);
                                s_logger.debug("Implementing the network for account" + newNetwork + " as a part of" + " network provision for persistent networks");
                                try {
                                    Pair<? extends NetworkGuru, ? extends Network> implementedNetwork = _networkMgr.implementNetwork(newNetwork.getId(), dest, context);
                                    if (implementedNetwork.first() == null) {
                                        s_logger.warn("Failed to implement the network " + newNetwork);
                                    }
                                    newNetwork = implementedNetwork.second();
                                } catch (Exception ex) {
                                    s_logger.warn("Failed to implement network " + newNetwork + " elements and"
                                            + " resources as a part of network provision for persistent network due to ", ex);
                                    CloudRuntimeException e = new CloudRuntimeException("Failed to implement network"
                                            + " (with specified id) elements and resources as a part of network provision");
                                    e.addProxyObject(newNetwork.getUuid(), "networkId");
                                    throw e;
                                }
                            }
                            defaultNetwork = _networkDao.findById(newNetwork.getId());
                        } else if (virtualNetworks.size() > 1) {
                            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("More than 1 default Isolated networks are found " + "for account " + newAccount
                                            + "; please specify networkIds");
                        } else {
                            defaultNetwork = _networkDao.findById(virtualNetworks.get(0).getId());
                        }
                    } else {
                        throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Required network offering id=" + requiredOfferings.get(0).getId() + " is not in " + NetworkOffering.State.Enabled);
                    }

                    applicableNetworks.add(defaultNetwork);
                }

                // add the new nics
                LinkedHashMap<Network, List<? extends NicProfile>> networks = new LinkedHashMap<Network, List<? extends NicProfile>>();
                int toggle = 0;
                for (NetworkVO appNet : applicableNetworks) {
                    NicProfile defaultNic = new NicProfile();
                    if (toggle == 0) {
                        defaultNic.setDefaultNic(true);
                        toggle++;
                    }
                    networks.put(appNet, new ArrayList<NicProfile>(Arrays.asList(defaultNic)));
                }
                VirtualMachine vmi = _itMgr.findById(vm.getId());
                VirtualMachineProfileImpl vmProfile = new VirtualMachineProfileImpl(vmi);
                _networkMgr.allocate(vmProfile, networks);
                s_logger.debug("AssignVM: Advance virtual, adding networks no " + networks.size() + " to " + vm.getInstanceName());
            } // END IF NON SEC GRP ENABLED
        } // END IF ADVANCED
        s_logger.info("AssignVM: vm " + vm.getInstanceName() + " now belongs to account " + cmd.getAccountName());
        return vm;
    }

    @Override
    public UserVm restoreVM(RestoreVMCmd cmd) throws InsufficientCapacityException, ResourceUnavailableException {
        // Input validation
        Account caller = CallContext.current().getCallingAccount();

        long vmId = cmd.getVmId();
        Long newTemplateId = cmd.getTemplateId();

        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm == null) {
            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("Cannot find VM with ID " + vmId);
            ex.addProxyObject(String.valueOf(vmId), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, vm);

        return restoreVMInternal(caller, vm, newTemplateId);
    }

    public UserVm restoreVMInternal(Account caller, UserVmVO vm, Long newTemplateId) throws InsufficientCapacityException, ResourceUnavailableException {

        Long userId = caller.getId();
        Account owner = _accountDao.findById(vm.getAccountId());
        _userDao.findById(userId);
        long vmId = vm.getId();
        boolean needRestart = false;

        // Input validation
        if (owner == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("The owner of " + vm + " does not exist: " + vm.getAccountId());
        }

        if (owner.getState() == Account.State.disabled) {
            throw new PermissionDeniedException("The owner of " + vm + " is disabled: " + vm.getAccountId());
        }

        if (vm.getState() != VirtualMachine.State.Running && vm.getState() != VirtualMachine.State.Stopped) {
            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Vm " + vm.getUuid() + " currently in " + vm.getState() + " state, restore vm can only execute when VM in Running or Stopped");
        }

        if (vm.getState() == VirtualMachine.State.Running) {
            needRestart = true;
        }

        List<VolumeVO> rootVols = _volsDao.findByInstanceAndType(vmId, Volume.Type.ROOT);
        if (rootVols.isEmpty()) {
            InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("Can not find root volume for VM " + vm.getUuid());
            ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
            throw ex;
        }

        VolumeVO root = rootVols.get(0);
        Long templateId = root.getTemplateId();
        boolean isISO = false;
        if (templateId == null) {
        // Assuming that for a vm deployed using ISO, template ID is set to NULL
            isISO = true;
            templateId = vm.getIsoId();
        }

        VMTemplateVO template = null;
        //newTemplateId can be either template or ISO id. In the following snippet based on the vm deployment (from template or ISO) it is handled accordingly
        if (newTemplateId != null) {
            template = _templateDao.findById(newTemplateId);
            _accountMgr.checkAccess(caller, null, template);
            if (isISO) {
                if (!template.getFormat().equals(ImageFormat.ISO)) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Invalid ISO id provided to restore the VM ");
                }
            } else {
                if (template.getFormat().equals(ImageFormat.ISO)) {
                    throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Invalid template id provided to restore the VM ");
                }
            }
        } else {
            if (isISO && templateId == null) {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("Cannot restore the VM since there is no ISO attached to VM");
            }
            template = _templateDao.findById(templateId);
            if (template == null) {
                InvalidParameterValueException ex = new InvalidParameterValueException("Cannot find template/ISO for specified volumeid and vmId");
                ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
                ex.addProxyObject(root.getUuid(), "volumeId");
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        if (needRestart) {
            try {
                _itMgr.stop(vm.getUuid());
            } catch (ResourceUnavailableException e) {
                s_logger.debug("Stop vm " + vm.getUuid() + " failed", e);
                CloudRuntimeException ex = new CloudRuntimeException("Stop vm failed for specified vmId");
                ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        /* If new template/ISO is provided allocate a new volume from new template/ISO otherwise allocate new volume from original template/ISO */
        Volume newVol = null;
        if (newTemplateId != null) {
            if (isISO) {
                newVol = volumeMgr.allocateDuplicateVolume(root, null);
                vm.setIsoId(newTemplateId);
                vm.setGuestOSId(template.getGuestOSId());
                vm.setTemplateId(newTemplateId);
                _vmDao.update(vmId, vm);
            } else {
            newVol = volumeMgr.allocateDuplicateVolume(root, newTemplateId);
            vm.setGuestOSId(template.getGuestOSId());
            vm.setTemplateId(newTemplateId);
            _vmDao.update(vmId, vm);
            }
        } else {
            newVol = volumeMgr.allocateDuplicateVolume(root, null);
        }
        // Save usage event and update resource count for user vm volumes
        if (vm instanceof UserVm) {
            _resourceLimitMgr.incrementResourceCount(vm.getAccountId(), ResourceType.volume);
        }

        _volsDao.attachVolume(newVol.getId(), vmId, newVol.getDeviceId());

        /* Detach and destory the old root volume */

        _volsDao.detachVolume(root.getId());

        handleManagedStorage(vm, root);

        volumeMgr.destroyVolume(root);

        // For VMware hypervisor since the old root volume is replaced by the new root volume, force expunge old root volume if it has been created in storage
        if (vm.getHypervisorType() == HypervisorType.VMware) {
            VolumeInfo volumeInStorage = volFactory.getVolume(root.getId());
            if (volumeInStorage != null) {
            s_logger.info("Expunging volume " + root.getId() + " from primary data store");
            AsyncCallFuture<VolumeApiResult> future = _volService.expungeVolumeAsync(volFactory.getVolume(root.getId()));
            try {
                future.get();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                s_logger.debug("Failed to expunge volume:" + root.getId(), e);
            }
        }
        }

        if (template.getEnablePassword()) {
            String password = generateRandomPassword();
            boolean result = resetVMPasswordInternal(vmId, password);
            if (result) {
                vm.setPassword(password);
                _vmDao.loadDetails(vm);
                // update the password in vm_details table too
                // Check if an SSH key pair was selected for the instance and if so
                // use it to encrypt & save the vm password
                encryptAndStorePassword(vm, password);
            } else {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("VM reset is completed but failed to reset password for the virtual machine ");
            }
        }

        if (needRestart) {
            try {
                _itMgr.start(vm.getUuid(), null);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                s_logger.debug("Unable to start VM " + vm.getUuid(), e);
                CloudRuntimeException ex = new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to start VM with specified id" + e.getMessage());
                ex.addProxyObject(vm.getUuid(), "vmId");
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        s_logger.debug("Restore VM " + vmId + " with template " + template.getUuid() + " done successfully");
        return vm;

    }

    private void handleManagedStorage(UserVmVO vm, VolumeVO root) {
        StoragePoolVO storagePool = _storagePoolDao.findById(root.getPoolId());

        if (storagePool.isManaged()) {
            Long hostId = vm.getHostId() != null ? vm.getHostId() : vm.getLastHostId();

            if (hostId != null) {
                DataTO volTO = volFactory.getVolume(root.getId()).getTO();
                DiskTO disk = new DiskTO(volTO, root.getDeviceId(), root.getPath(), root.getVolumeType());

                // it's OK in this case to send a detach command to the host for a root volume as this
                // will simply lead to the SR that supports the root volume being removed
                DettachCommand cmd = new DettachCommand(disk, vm.getInstanceName());

                cmd.setManaged(true);

                cmd.setStorageHost(storagePool.getHostAddress());
                cmd.setStoragePort(storagePool.getPort());

                cmd.set_iScsiName(root.get_iScsiName());

                Commands cmds = new Commands(Command.OnError.Stop);

                cmds.addCommand(cmd);

                try {
                    _agentMgr.send(hostId, cmds);
                }
                catch (Exception ex) {
                    throw new CloudRuntimeException(ex.getMessage());
                }

                if (!cmds.isSuccessful()) {
                    for (Answer answer : cmds.getAnswers()) {
                        if (!answer.getResult()) {
                            s_logger.warn("Failed to reset vm due to: " + answer.getDetails());

                            throw new CloudRuntimeException("Unable to reset " + vm + " due to " + answer.getDetails());
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (hostId != null) {
                    // root.getPoolId() should be null if the VM we are attaching the disk to has never been started before
                    DataStore dataStore = root.getPoolId() != null ? _dataStoreMgr.getDataStore(root.getPoolId(), DataStoreRole.Primary) : null;
                    Host host = _hostDao.findById(hostId);

                    volumeMgr.disconnectVolumeFromHost(volFactory.getVolume(root.getId()), host, dataStore);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void prepareStop(VirtualMachineProfile profile) {
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(profile.getId());
        if (vm != null && vm.getState() == State.Stopping)
            collectVmDiskStatistics(vm);
    }

    private void encryptAndStorePassword(UserVmVO vm, String password) {
        String sshPublicKey = vm.getDetail("SSH.PublicKey");
        if (sshPublicKey != null && !sshPublicKey.equals("") && password != null && !password.equals("saved_password")) {
            if (!sshPublicKey.startsWith("ssh-rsa")) {
                s_logger.warn("Only RSA public keys can be used to encrypt a vm password.");
                return;
            }
            String encryptedPasswd = RSAHelper.encryptWithSSHPublicKey(sshPublicKey, password);
            if (encryptedPasswd == null) {
                throw new CloudRuntimeException("Error encrypting password");
            }

            vm.setDetail("Encrypted.Password", encryptedPasswd);
            _vmDao.saveDetails(vm);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String getConfigComponentName() {
        return UserVmManager.class.getSimpleName();
    }

    @Override
    public ConfigKey<?>[] getConfigKeys() {
        return new ConfigKey<?>[] {EnableDynamicallyScaleVm};
    }

    @Override
    public String getVmUserData(long vmId) {
        UserVmVO vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm == null) {
            throw new InvalidParameterValueException("Unable to find virual machine with id " + vmId);
        }

        //check permissions
        _accountMgr.checkAccess(CallContext.current().getCallingAccount(), null, vm);
        return vm.getUserData();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isDisplayResourceEnabled(Long vmId) {
        UserVm vm = _vmDao.findById(vmId);
        if (vm != null) {
            return vm.isDisplayVm();
        }

        return true; // no info then default to true
    }
}