/**
 *  Copyright (C) 2010 Cloud.com, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 * 
 * This software is licensed under the GNU General Public License v3 or later.
 * 
 * It is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or any later version.
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 * 
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 * 
 */

package com.cloud.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import com.cloud.api.IdentityService;
import com.cloud.exception.PermissionDeniedException;
import com.cloud.host.HostVO;
import com.cloud.server.ManagementServer;
import com.cloud.storage.GuestOSVO;
import com.cloud.user.Account;
import com.cloud.user.AccountManager;
import com.cloud.user.DomainManager;
import com.cloud.user.User;
import com.cloud.uservm.UserVm;
import com.cloud.utils.Pair;
import com.cloud.utils.component.ComponentLocator;
import com.cloud.utils.db.Transaction;
import com.cloud.vm.VMInstanceVO;
import com.cloud.vm.VirtualMachine;
import com.cloud.vm.VirtualMachineManager;

/**
 * Thumbnail access : /console?cmd=thumbnail&vm=xxx&w=xxx&h=xxx
 * Console access : /conosole?cmd=access&vm=xxx
 * Authentication : /console?cmd=auth&vm=xxx&sid=xxx
 */
public class ConsoleProxyServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -5515382620323808168L;
	public static final Logger s_logger = Logger.getLogger(ConsoleProxyServlet.class.getName());
	private static final int DEFAULT_THUMBNAIL_WIDTH = 144;
	private static final int DEFAULT_THUMBNAIL_HEIGHT = 110;
	
	private final static AccountManager _accountMgr = ComponentLocator.getLocator(ManagementServer.Name).getManager(AccountManager.class);
	private final static VirtualMachineManager _vmMgr = ComponentLocator.getLocator(ManagementServer.Name).getManager(VirtualMachineManager.class);
	private final static DomainManager _domainMgr = ComponentLocator.getLocator(ManagementServer.Name).getManager(DomainManager.class);
	private final static ManagementServer _ms = (ManagementServer)ComponentLocator.getComponent(ManagementServer.Name);
	private final static IdentityService _identityService = (IdentityService)ComponentLocator.getLocator(ManagementServer.Name).getManager(IdentityService.class); 
	
	@Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
		doGet(req, resp);
	}
	
	@Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
		
		try {
			if(_accountMgr == null || _vmMgr == null || _ms == null) {
				sendResponse(resp, "Service is not ready");
				return;
			}
			
			if(_ms.getHashKey() == null) {
	        	s_logger.debug("Console/thumbnail access denied. Ticket service is not ready yet");
				sendResponse(resp, "Service is not ready");
	        	return;
			}
				
            String userId = null;
            String account = null;
            Account accountObj = null;
            
            Map<String, Object[]> params = new HashMap<String, Object[]>();
            params.putAll(req.getParameterMap());

            HttpSession session = req.getSession(false);
            if(session == null) {
            	if(verifyRequest(params)) {
                    userId = (String)params.get("userid")[0];
                    account = (String)params.get("account")[0];
                    accountObj = (Account)params.get("accountobj")[0];
            	} else {
					s_logger.debug("Invalid web session or API key in request, reject console/thumbnail access");
					sendResponse(resp, "Access denied. Invalid web session or API key in request");
					return;
            	}
            } else {
            	// adjust to latest API refactoring changes
            	if(session.getAttribute("userid") != null) {
                    userId = ((Long)session.getAttribute("userid")).toString();
                }
                
            	accountObj = (Account)session.getAttribute("accountobj");
                if(accountObj != null) {
                    account = "" + accountObj.getId();
                }
            }

            // Do a sanity check here to make sure the user hasn't already been deleted
            if ((userId == null) || (account == null) || (accountObj == null) || !verifyUser(Long.valueOf(userId))) {
				s_logger.debug("Invalid user/account, reject console/thumbnail access");
				sendResponse(resp, "Access denied. Invalid or inconsistent account is found");
				return;
            }

			String cmd = req.getParameter("cmd");
			if(cmd == null || !isValidCmd(cmd)) {
				s_logger.debug("invalid console servlet command: " + cmd);
				sendResponse(resp, "");
				return;
			}

			String vmIdString = req.getParameter("vm");
			Long vmId = _identityService.getIdentityId("vm_instance", vmIdString);
			if(vmId == null) {
				s_logger.info("invalid console servlet command parameter: " + vmIdString);
				sendResponse(resp, "");
				return;
			}
			
			if(!checkSessionPermision(req, vmId, accountObj)) {
				sendResponse(resp, "Permission denied");
				return;
			}
			
			if(cmd.equalsIgnoreCase("thumbnail")) {
                handleThumbnailRequest(req, resp, vmId);
            } else if(cmd.equalsIgnoreCase("access")) {
                handleAccessRequest(req, resp, vmId);
            } else {
                handleAuthRequest(req, resp, vmId);
            }
		} catch (Throwable e) {
			s_logger.error("Unexepected exception in ConsoleProxyServlet", e);
			sendResponse(resp, "Server Internal Error");
		}
	}
	
	private void handleThumbnailRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, long vmId) {
		VMInstanceVO vm = _vmMgr.findById(vmId);
		if(vm == null) {
			s_logger.warn("VM " + vmId + " does not exist, sending blank response for thumbnail request");
			sendResponse(resp, "");
			return;
		}
		
		if(vm.getHostId() == null) {
			s_logger.warn("VM " + vmId + " lost host info, sending blank response for thumbnail request");
			sendResponse(resp, "");
			return;
		}
		
		HostVO host = _ms.getHostBy(vm.getHostId());
		if(host == null) {
			s_logger.warn("VM " + vmId + "'s host does not exist, sending blank response for thumbnail request");
			sendResponse(resp, "");
			return;
		}
		
		String rootUrl = _ms.getConsoleAccessUrlRoot(vmId);
		if(rootUrl == null) {
			sendResponse(resp, "");
			return;
		}
		
		int w = DEFAULT_THUMBNAIL_WIDTH;
		int h = DEFAULT_THUMBNAIL_HEIGHT;
		
		String value = req.getParameter("w");
		try {
			w = Integer.parseInt(value);
		} catch(NumberFormatException e) {
		}
		
		value = req.getParameter("h");
		try {
			h = Integer.parseInt(value);
		} catch(NumberFormatException e) {
		}
		
		try {
			resp.sendRedirect(composeThumbnailUrl(rootUrl, vm, host, w, h));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			if(s_logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                s_logger.info("Client may already close the connection");
            }
		}
	}
	
	private void handleAccessRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, long vmId) {
		VMInstanceVO vm = _vmMgr.findById(vmId);
		if(vm == null) {
			s_logger.warn("VM " + vmId + " does not exist, sending blank response for console access request");
			sendResponse(resp, "");
			return;
		}
		
		if(vm.getHostId() == null) {
			s_logger.warn("VM " + vmId + " lost host info, sending blank response for console access request");
			sendResponse(resp, "");
			return;
		}
		
		HostVO host = _ms.getHostBy(vm.getHostId());
		if(host == null) {
			s_logger.warn("VM " + vmId + "'s host does not exist, sending blank response for console access request");
			sendResponse(resp, "");
			return;
		}
		
		String rootUrl = _ms.getConsoleAccessUrlRoot(vmId);
		if(rootUrl == null) {
			sendResponse(resp, "<html><body><p>Console access will be ready in a few minutes. Please try it again later.</p></body></html>");
			return;
		}
		
		String vmName = vm.getHostName();
		if(vm.getType() == VirtualMachine.Type.User) {
			UserVm userVm = (UserVm)_vmMgr.findByIdAndType(VirtualMachine.Type.User, vmId);
			String displayName = userVm.getDisplayName();
			if(displayName != null && !displayName.isEmpty() && !displayName.equals(vmName)) {
	            vmName += "(" + displayName + ")";
	        }
		}
		
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		sb.append("<html><title>").append(escapeHTML(vmName)).append("</title><frameset><frame src=\"").append(composeConsoleAccessUrl(rootUrl, vm, host));
		sb.append("\"></frame></frameset></html>");
		sendResponse(resp, sb.toString());
	}
	
	private void handleAuthRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, long vmId) {
		
		// TODO authentication channel between console proxy VM and management server needs to be secured, 
		// the data is now being sent through private network, but this is apparently not enough
		VMInstanceVO vm = _vmMgr.findById(vmId);
		if(vm == null) {
			s_logger.warn("VM " + vmId + " does not exist, sending failed response for authentication request from console proxy");
			sendResponse(resp, "failed");
			return;
		}
		
		if(vm.getHostId() == null) {
			s_logger.warn("VM " + vmId + " lost host info, failed response for authentication request from console proxy");
			sendResponse(resp, "failed");
			return;
		}
		
		HostVO host = _ms.getHostBy(vm.getHostId());
		if(host == null) {
			s_logger.warn("VM " + vmId + "'s host does not exist, sending failed response for authentication request from console proxy");
			sendResponse(resp, "failed");
			return;
		}
		
		String sid = req.getParameter("sid");
		if(sid == null || !sid.equals(vm.getVncPassword())) {
			s_logger.warn("sid " + sid + " in url does not match stored sid " + vm.getVncPassword());
			sendResponse(resp, "failed");
			return;
		}
		
		sendResponse(resp, "success");
	}
	
	private String composeThumbnailUrl(String rootUrl, VMInstanceVO vm, HostVO hostVo, int w, int h) {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(rootUrl);

		String host = hostVo.getPrivateIpAddress();
		Pair<String, Integer> portInfo = _ms.getVncPort(vm);
		if(portInfo.first() != null) {
            host = portInfo.first();
        }
		String sid = vm.getVncPassword();
		String tag = String.valueOf(vm.getId());
		tag = _identityService.getIdentityUuid("vm_instance", tag);
		String ticket = genAccessTicket(host, String.valueOf(portInfo.second()), sid, tag);
		
		sb.append("/getscreen?host=").append(host);
		sb.append("&port=").append(portInfo.second());
		sb.append("&sid=").append(sid);
		sb.append("&w=").append(w).append("&h=").append(h);
		sb.append("&tag=").append(tag);
		sb.append("&ticket=").append(ticket);

		if(s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            s_logger.debug("Compose thumbnail url: " + sb.toString());
        }
		return sb.toString();
	}
	
	private String composeConsoleAccessUrl(String rootUrl, VMInstanceVO vm, HostVO hostVo) {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(rootUrl);
		
		String host = hostVo.getPrivateIpAddress();
		Pair<String, Integer> portInfo = _ms.getVncPort(vm);
		if(portInfo.first() != null) {
            host = portInfo.first();
        }
		String sid = vm.getVncPassword();
		String tag = String.valueOf(vm.getId());
		tag = _identityService.getIdentityUuid("vm_instance", tag);
		String ticket = genAccessTicket(host, String.valueOf(portInfo.second()), sid, tag);
		
		sb.append("/ajax?host=").append(host);
		sb.append("&port=").append(portInfo.second());
		sb.append("&sid=").append(sid);
		sb.append("&tag=").append(tag);
		sb.append("&ticket=").append(ticket);
		
		// for console access, we need guest OS type to help implement keyboard
		long guestOs = vm.getGuestOSId();
		GuestOSVO guestOsVo = _ms.getGuestOs(guestOs);
		if(guestOsVo.getCategoryId() == 6)
			sb.append("&guest=windows");
		
		if(s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            s_logger.debug("Compose console url: " + sb.toString());
        }
		return sb.toString();
	}
	
	public static String genAccessTicket(String host, String port, String sid, String tag) {
		return genAccessTicket(host, port, sid, tag, new Date());
	}
	
	public static String genAccessTicket(String host, String port, String sid, String tag, Date normalizedHashTime) {
		String params = "host=" + host + "&port=" + port + "&sid=" + sid + "&tag=" + tag;
		
		try {
	        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA1");
	        
	        long ts = normalizedHashTime.getTime();
	        ts = ts/60000;		// round up to 1 minute
	        String secretKey = _ms.getHashKey();
	        
	        SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getBytes(), "HmacSHA1");
	        mac.init(keySpec);
	        mac.update(params.getBytes());
	        mac.update(String.valueOf(ts).getBytes());
	        
	        byte[] encryptedBytes = mac.doFinal();
	        
	        return Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(encryptedBytes);
		} catch(Exception e) {
			s_logger.error("Unexpected exception ", e);
		}
		return "";
	}
	
	private void sendResponse(HttpServletResponse resp, String content) {
		try {
			resp.setContentType("text/html");
			resp.getWriter().print(content);
		} catch(IOException e) {
			if(s_logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                s_logger.info("Client may already close the connection");
            }
		}
	}
	
	private boolean checkSessionPermision(HttpServletRequest req, long vmId, Account accountObj) {

        VMInstanceVO vm = _vmMgr.findById(vmId);
        if(vm == null) {
        	s_logger.debug("Console/thumbnail access denied. VM " + vmId + " does not exist in system any more");
        	return false;
        }
		
        // root admin can access anything
		if(accountObj.getType() == Account.ACCOUNT_TYPE_ADMIN)
    		return true;

        switch(vm.getType())
        {
        case User :
        	try {
            	_accountMgr.checkAccess(accountObj, null, true, vm);
        	} catch (PermissionDeniedException ex) {
        		if (accountObj.getType() == Account.ACCOUNT_TYPE_NORMAL) {
        			if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
	                    s_logger.debug("VM access is denied. VM owner account " + vm.getAccountId() 
		        			+ " does not match the account id in session " + accountObj.getId() + " and caller is a normal user");
	                }
        		} else if(accountObj.getType() == Account.ACCOUNT_TYPE_DOMAIN_ADMIN || accountObj.getType() == Account.ACCOUNT_TYPE_READ_ONLY_ADMIN) {
        			if(s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
	                    s_logger.debug("VM access is denied. VM owner account " + vm.getAccountId() 
		        			+ " does not match the account id in session " + accountObj.getId() + " and the domain-admin caller does not manage the target domain");
	                }
        		}
        		return false;
        	}
        	break;
        	
        case DomainRouter:
        case ConsoleProxy :
        case SecondaryStorageVm:
    		return false;
    		
    	default :
    		s_logger.warn("Unrecoginized virtual machine type, deny access by default. type: " + vm.getType());
    		return false;
        }
        
		return true;
	}
	
	private boolean isValidCmd(String cmd) {
		if(cmd.equalsIgnoreCase("thumbnail") || cmd.equalsIgnoreCase("access") || cmd.equalsIgnoreCase("auth")) {
            return true;
        }
		
		return false;
	}
	
    public boolean verifyUser(Long userId) {
    	// copy from ApiServer.java, a bit ugly here
    	User user = _accountMgr.getUserIncludingRemoved(userId);
    	Account account = null;
    	if (user != null) {
    	    account = _accountMgr.getAccount(user.getAccountId());
    	}

    	if ((user == null) || (user.getRemoved() != null) || !user.getState().equals(Account.State.enabled) 
    		|| (account == null) || !account.getState().equals(Account.State.enabled)) {
    		s_logger.warn("Deleted/Disabled/Locked user with id=" + userId + " attempting to access public API");
    		return false;
    	}
    	return true;
    }
    
	// copied and modified from ApiServer.java.
    // TODO need to replace the whole servlet with a API command
    private boolean verifyRequest(Map<String, Object[]> requestParameters) {
        try {
            String apiKey = null;
            String secretKey = null;
            String signature = null;
            String unsignedRequest = null;

            // - build a request string with sorted params, make sure it's all lowercase
            // - sign the request, verify the signature is the same
            List<String> parameterNames = new ArrayList<String>();

            for (Object paramNameObj : requestParameters.keySet()) {
                parameterNames.add((String)paramNameObj); // put the name in a list that we'll sort later
            }

            Collections.sort(parameterNames);

            for (String paramName : parameterNames) {
                // parameters come as name/value pairs in the form String/String[]
                String paramValue = ((String[])requestParameters.get(paramName))[0];
                
                if ("signature".equalsIgnoreCase(paramName)) {
                    signature = paramValue;
                } else {
                    if ("apikey".equalsIgnoreCase(paramName)) {
                        apiKey = paramValue;
                    }

                    if (unsignedRequest == null) {
                        unsignedRequest = paramName + "=" + URLEncoder.encode(paramValue, "UTF-8").replaceAll("\\+", "%20");
                    } else {
                        unsignedRequest = unsignedRequest + "&" + paramName + "=" + URLEncoder.encode(paramValue, "UTF-8").replaceAll("\\+", "%20");
                    }
                }
            }
            

            // if api/secret key are passed to the parameters
            if ((signature == null) || (apiKey == null)) {
                if (s_logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    s_logger.debug("expired session, missing signature, or missing apiKey -- ignoring request...sig: " + signature + ", apiKey: " + apiKey);
                }
                return false; // no signature, bad request
            }

            Transaction txn = Transaction.open(Transaction.CLOUD_DB);
            txn.close();
            User user = null;
            // verify there is a user with this api key
            Pair<User, Account> userAcctPair = _accountMgr.findUserByApiKey(apiKey);
            if (userAcctPair == null) {
                s_logger.debug("apiKey does not map to a valid user -- ignoring request, apiKey: " + apiKey);
                return false;
            }

            user = userAcctPair.first();
            Account account = userAcctPair.second();

            if (!user.getState().equals(Account.State.enabled) || !account.getState().equals(Account.State.enabled)) {
                s_logger.debug("disabled or locked user accessing the api, userid = " + user.getId() + "; name = " + user.getUsername() + "; state: " + user.getState() + "; accountState: " + account.getState());
                return false;
            }     

            // verify secret key exists
            secretKey = user.getSecretKey();
            if (secretKey == null) {
                s_logger.debug("User does not have a secret key associated with the account -- ignoring request, username: " + user.getUsername());
                return false;
            }

            unsignedRequest = unsignedRequest.toLowerCase();

            Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA1");
            SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getBytes(), "HmacSHA1");
            mac.init(keySpec);
            mac.update(unsignedRequest.getBytes());
            byte[] encryptedBytes = mac.doFinal();
            String computedSignature = com.cloud.utils.encoding.Base64.encodeBytes(encryptedBytes);
            boolean equalSig = signature.equals(computedSignature);
            if (!equalSig) {
            	s_logger.debug("User signature: " + signature + " is not equaled to computed signature: " + computedSignature);
            }
            
            if(equalSig) {
            	requestParameters.put("userid", new Object[] {String.valueOf(user.getId())});
            	requestParameters.put("account", new Object[] {account.getAccountName()});
            	requestParameters.put("accountobj", new Object[] { account });
            }
            return equalSig;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            s_logger.error("unable to verifty request signature", ex);
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    public static final String escapeHTML(String content){
        if(content == null || content.isEmpty())
            return content;
        
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < content.length(); i++) {
           char c = content.charAt(i);
           switch (c) {
              case '<': sb.append("&lt;"); break;
              case '>': sb.append("&gt;"); break;
              case '&': sb.append("&amp;"); break;
              case '"': sb.append("&quot;"); break;
              case ' ': sb.append("&nbsp;");break;         
              default:  sb.append(c); break;
           }
        }
        return sb.toString();
     }    
}