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| <div class="section" id="cassandra-stress"> |
| <span id="id1"></span><h1>Cassandra Stress<a class="headerlink" href="#cassandra-stress" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> |
| <p>cassandra-stress is a tool for benchmarking and load testing a Cassandra |
| cluster. cassandra-stress supports testing arbitrary CQL tables and queries |
| to allow users to benchmark their data model.</p> |
| <p>This documentation focuses on user mode as this allows the testing of your |
| actual schema.</p> |
| <div class="section" id="usage"> |
| <h2>Usage<a class="headerlink" href="#usage" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> |
| <p>There are several operation types:</p> |
| <blockquote> |
| <div><ul class="simple"> |
| <li>write-only, read-only, and mixed workloads of standard data</li> |
| <li>write-only and read-only workloads for counter columns</li> |
| <li>user configured workloads, running custom queries on custom schemas</li> |
| </ul> |
| </div></blockquote> |
| <p>The syntax is <cite>cassandra-stress <command> [options]</cite>. If you want more information on a given command |
| or options, just run <cite>cassandra-stress help <command|option></cite>.</p> |
| <dl class="docutils"> |
| <dt>Commands:</dt> |
| <dd><dl class="first last docutils"> |
| <dt>read:</dt> |
| <dd>Multiple concurrent reads - the cluster must first be populated by a write test</dd> |
| <dt>write:</dt> |
| <dd>Multiple concurrent writes against the cluster</dd> |
| <dt>mixed:</dt> |
| <dd>Interleaving of any basic commands, with configurable ratio and distribution - the cluster must first be populated by a write test</dd> |
| <dt>counter_write:</dt> |
| <dd>Multiple concurrent updates of counters.</dd> |
| <dt>counter_read:</dt> |
| <dd>Multiple concurrent reads of counters. The cluster must first be populated by a counterwrite test.</dd> |
| <dt>user:</dt> |
| <dd>Interleaving of user provided queries, with configurable ratio and distribution.</dd> |
| <dt>help:</dt> |
| <dd>Print help for a command or option</dd> |
| <dt>print:</dt> |
| <dd>Inspect the output of a distribution definition</dd> |
| <dt>legacy:</dt> |
| <dd>Legacy support mode</dd> |
| </dl> |
| </dd> |
| <dt>Primary Options:</dt> |
| <dd><dl class="first last docutils"> |
| <dt>-pop:</dt> |
| <dd>Population distribution and intra-partition visit order</dd> |
| <dt>-insert:</dt> |
| <dd>Insert specific options relating to various methods for batching and splitting partition updates</dd> |
| <dt>-col:</dt> |
| <dd>Column details such as size and count distribution, data generator, names, comparator and if super columns should be used</dd> |
| <dt>-rate:</dt> |
| <dd>Thread count, rate limit or automatic mode (default is auto)</dd> |
| <dt>-mode:</dt> |
| <dd>Thrift or CQL with options</dd> |
| <dt>-errors:</dt> |
| <dd>How to handle errors when encountered during stress</dd> |
| <dt>-sample:</dt> |
| <dd>Specify the number of samples to collect for measuring latency</dd> |
| <dt>-schema:</dt> |
| <dd>Replication settings, compression, compaction, etc.</dd> |
| <dt>-node:</dt> |
| <dd>Nodes to connect to</dd> |
| <dt>-log:</dt> |
| <dd>Where to log progress to, and the interval at which to do it</dd> |
| <dt>-transport:</dt> |
| <dd>Custom transport factories</dd> |
| <dt>-port:</dt> |
| <dd>The port to connect to cassandra nodes on</dd> |
| <dt>-sendto:</dt> |
| <dd>Specify a stress server to send this command to</dd> |
| <dt>-graph:</dt> |
| <dd>Graph recorded metrics</dd> |
| <dt>-tokenrange:</dt> |
| <dd>Token range settings</dd> |
| </dl> |
| </dd> |
| <dt>Suboptions:</dt> |
| <dd>Every command and primary option has its own collection of suboptions. These are too numerous to list here. |
| For information on the suboptions for each command or option, please use the help command, |
| <cite>cassandra-stress help <command|option></cite>.</dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="user-mode"> |
| <h2>User mode<a class="headerlink" href="#user-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> |
| <p>User mode allows you to use your stress your own schemas. This can save time in |
| the long run rather than building an application and then realising your schema |
| doesn’t scale.</p> |
| <div class="section" id="profile"> |
| <h3>Profile<a class="headerlink" href="#profile" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> |
| <p>User mode requires a profile defined in YAML. |
| Multiple YAML files may be specified in which case operations in the ops argument are referenced as specname.opname.</p> |
| <p>An identifier for the profile:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">specname</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">staff_activities</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The keyspace for the test:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">keyspace</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">staff</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>CQL for the keyspace. Optional if the keyspace already exists:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">keyspace_definition</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span> |
| <span class="no">CREATE KEYSPACE stresscql WITH replication = {'class': 'SimpleStrategy', 'replication_factor': 3};</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The table to be stressed:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">staff_activities</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>CQL for the table. Optional if the table already exists:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">table_definition</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span> |
| <span class="no">CREATE TABLE staff_activities (</span> |
| <span class="no">name text,</span> |
| <span class="no">when timeuuid,</span> |
| <span class="no">what text,</span> |
| <span class="no">PRIMARY KEY(name, when, what)</span> |
| <span class="no">)</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Optional meta information on the generated columns in the above table. |
| The min and max only apply to text and blob types. |
| The distribution field represents the total unique population |
| distribution of that column across rows:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">columnspec</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">name</span> |
| <span class="nt">size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">uniform(5..10)</span> <span class="c1"># The names of the staff members are between 5-10 characters</span> |
| <span class="nt">population</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">uniform(1..10)</span> <span class="c1"># 10 possible staff members to pick from</span> |
| <span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">when</span> |
| <span class="nt">cluster</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">uniform(20..500)</span> <span class="c1"># Staff members do between 20 and 500 events</span> |
| <span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">what</span> |
| <span class="nt">size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">normal(10..100,50)</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Supported types are:</p> |
| <p>An exponential distribution over the range [min..max]:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">EXP(min..max)</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>An extreme value (Weibull) distribution over the range [min..max]:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">EXTREME(min..max,shape)</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>A gaussian/normal distribution, where mean=(min+max)/2, and stdev is (mean-min)/stdvrng:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">GAUSSIAN(min..max,stdvrng)</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>A gaussian/normal distribution, with explicitly defined mean and stdev:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">GAUSSIAN(min..max,mean,stdev)</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>A uniform distribution over the range [min, max]:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">UNIFORM(min..max)</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>A fixed distribution, always returning the same value:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">FIXED(val)</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>If preceded by ~, the distribution is inverted</p> |
| <p>Defaults for all columns are size: uniform(4..8), population: uniform(1..100B), cluster: fixed(1)</p> |
| <p>Insert distributions:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">insert</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="c1"># How many partition to insert per batch</span> |
| <span class="nt">partitions</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">fixed(1)</span> |
| <span class="c1"># How many rows to update per partition</span> |
| <span class="nt">select</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">fixed(1)/500</span> |
| <span class="c1"># UNLOGGED or LOGGED batch for insert</span> |
| <span class="nt">batchtype</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">UNLOGGED</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Currently all inserts are done inside batches.</p> |
| <p>Read statements to use during the test:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">queries</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="nt">events</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="nt">cql</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">select * from staff_activities where name = ?</span> |
| <span class="nt">fields</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">samerow</span> |
| <span class="nt">latest_event</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="nt">cql</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">select * from staff_activities where name = ? LIMIT 1</span> |
| <span class="nt">fields</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">samerow</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Running a user mode test:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">cassandra-stress user profile=./example.yaml duration=1m "ops(insert=1,latest_event=1,events=1)" truncate=once</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>This will create the schema then run tests for 1 minute with an equal number of inserts, latest_event queries and events |
| queries. Additionally the table will be truncated once before the test.</p> |
| <p>The full example can be found here <a class="reference download internal" download="" href="../_downloads/54214fb4f99d59730d4cda283a1e9a75/stress-example.yaml"><code class="xref download docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">yaml</span></code></a></p> |
| <dl class="docutils"> |
| <dt>Running a user mode test with multiple yaml files::</dt> |
| <dd>cassandra-stress user profile=./example.yaml,./example2.yaml duration=1m “ops(ex1.insert=1,ex1.latest_event=1,ex2.insert=2)” truncate=once</dd> |
| <dt>This will run operations as specified in both the example.yaml and example2.yaml files. example.yaml and example2.yaml can reference the same table</dt> |
| <dd>although care must be taken that the table definition is identical (data generation specs can be different).</dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="lightweight-transaction-support"> |
| <h3>Lightweight transaction support<a class="headerlink" href="#lightweight-transaction-support" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> |
| <p>cassandra-stress supports lightweight transactions. In this it will first read current data from Cassandra and then uses read value(s) |
| to fulfill lightweight transaction condition(s).</p> |
| <p>Lightweight transaction update query:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">queries</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="nt">regularupdate</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="nt">cql</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">update blogposts set author = ? where domain = ? and published_date = ?</span> |
| <span class="nt">fields</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">samerow</span> |
| <span class="nt">updatewithlwt</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="nt">cql</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">update blogposts set author = ? where domain = ? and published_date = ? IF body = ? AND url = ?</span> |
| <span class="nt">fields</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">samerow</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The full example can be found here <a class="reference download internal" download="" href="../_downloads/87a3a4aa5557ff2196758c8fe2aecc51/stress-lwt-example.yaml"><code class="xref download docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">yaml</span></code></a></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="graphing"> |
| <h2>Graphing<a class="headerlink" href="#graphing" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> |
| <p>Graphs can be generated for each run of stress.</p> |
| <img alt="../_images/example-stress-graph.png" src="../_images/example-stress-graph.png" /> |
| <p>To create a new graph:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">cassandra-stress user profile=./stress-example.yaml "ops(insert=1,latest_event=1,events=1)" -graph file=graph.html title="Awesome graph"</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>To add a new run to an existing graph point to an existing file and add a revision name:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">cassandra-stress user profile=./stress-example.yaml duration=1m "ops(insert=1,latest_event=1,events=1)" -graph file=graph.html title="Awesome graph" revision="Second run"</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="faq"> |
| <h2>FAQ<a class="headerlink" href="#faq" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> |
| <p><strong>How do you use NetworkTopologyStrategy for the keyspace?</strong></p> |
| <p>Use the schema option making sure to either escape the parenthesis or enclose in quotes:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">cassandra-stress write -schema "replication(strategy=NetworkTopologyStrategy,datacenter1=3)"</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p><strong>How do you use SSL?</strong></p> |
| <p>Use the transport option:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">cassandra-stress "write n=100k cl=ONE no-warmup" -transport "truststore=$HOME/jks/truststore.jks truststore-password=cassandra"</span> |
| </pre></div> |
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