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  <div class="section" id="appendices">
<h1>Appendices<a class="headerlink" href="#appendices" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="section" id="appendix-a-cql-keywords">
<span id="appendix-a"></span><h2>Appendix A: CQL Keywords<a class="headerlink" href="#appendix-a-cql-keywords" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>CQL distinguishes between <em>reserved</em> and <em>non-reserved</em> keywords.
Reserved keywords cannot be used as identifier, they are truly reserved
for the language (but one can enclose a reserved keyword by
double-quotes to use it as an identifier). Non-reserved keywords however
only have a specific meaning in certain context but can used as
identifier otherwise. The only <em>raison d’être</em> of these non-reserved
keywords is convenience: some keyword are non-reserved when it was
always easy for the parser to decide whether they were used as keywords
or not.</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="61%" />
<col width="39%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Keyword</th>
<th class="head">Reserved?</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ADD</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AGGREGATE</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ALL</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ALLOW</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ALTER</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AND</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">APPLY</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AS</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ASC</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ASCII</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AUTHORIZE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BATCH</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BEGIN</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BIGINT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BLOB</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BOOLEAN</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BY</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CALLED</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CLUSTERING</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMNFAMILY</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COMPACT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CONTAINS</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COUNT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COUNTER</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CREATE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CUSTOM</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DATE</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DECIMAL</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DELETE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DESC</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DESCRIBE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DISTINCT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOUBLE</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DROP</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ENTRIES</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EXECUTE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EXISTS</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FILTERING</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FINALFUNC</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FLOAT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FROM</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FROZEN</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FULL</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FUNCTION</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FUNCTIONS</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GRANT</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IF</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IN</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDEX</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INET</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INFINITY</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INITCOND</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INPUT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INSERT</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INTO</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KEY</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KEYS</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KEYSPACE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KEYSPACES</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LANGUAGE</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LIMIT</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LIST</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LOGIN</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MAP</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MODIFY</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NAN</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NOLOGIN</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NORECURSIVE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NOSUPERUSER</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NOT</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OF</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ON</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OPTIONS</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OR</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ORDER</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PASSWORD</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PERMISSION</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PERMISSIONS</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PRIMARY</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RENAME</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">REPLACE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RETURNS</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">REVOKE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ROLE</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ROLES</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SCHEMA</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SELECT</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SET</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SFUNC</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SMALLINT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">STATIC</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">STORAGE</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">STYPE</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SUPERUSER</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TABLE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TEXT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TIME</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TIMESTAMP</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TIMEUUID</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TINYINT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TO</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TOKEN</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TRIGGER</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TRUNCATE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TTL</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TUPLE</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TYPE</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UNLOGGED</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UPDATE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">USE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">USER</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">USERS</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">USING</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UUID</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VALUES</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VARCHAR</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VARINT</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WHERE</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WITH</span></code></td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WRITETIME</span></code></td>
<td>no</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="section" id="appendix-b-cql-reserved-types">
<h2>Appendix B: CQL Reserved Types<a class="headerlink" href="#appendix-b-cql-reserved-types" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The following type names are not currently used by CQL, but are reserved
for potential future use. User-defined types may not use reserved type
names as their name.</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="100%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">type</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bitstring</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">byte</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">complex</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">enum</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">interval</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">macaddr</span></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="section" id="appendix-c-dropping-compact-storage">
<h2>Appendix C: Dropping Compact Storage<a class="headerlink" href="#appendix-c-dropping-compact-storage" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Starting version 4.0, Thrift and COMPACT STORAGE is no longer supported.</p>
<p>‘ALTER … DROP COMPACT STORAGE’ statement makes Compact Tables CQL-compatible,
exposing internal structure of Thrift/Compact Tables:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>CQL-created Compact Tables that have no clustering columns, will expose an
additional clustering column <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">column1</span></code> with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UTF8Type</span></code>.</li>
<li>CQL-created Compact Tables that had no regular columns, will expose a
regular column <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">value</span></code> with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BytesType</span></code>.</li>
<li>For CQL-Created Compact Tables, all columns originally defined as
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">regular</span></code> will be come <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">static</span></code></li>
<li>CQL-created Compact Tables that have clustering but have no regular
columns will have an empty value column (of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EmptyType</span></code>)</li>
<li>SuperColumn Tables (can only be created through Thrift) will expose
a compact value map with an empty name.</li>
<li>Thrift-created Compact Tables will have types corresponding to their
Thrift definition.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>


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