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<h2>Hardware-bound Zero Copy Streaming in Apache Cassandra 4.0</h2>
<p>Posted on August 07, 2018 by The Apache Cassandra Community</p>
<h5><a href="/blog">&laquo; Back to the Apache Cassandra Blog</a></h5>
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<p>Streaming in Apache Cassandra powers host replacement, range movements, and cluster expansions. Streaming plays a crucial role in the cluster and as such its performance is key to not only the speed of the operations its used in but the cluster’s health generally. In Apache Cassandra 4.0, we have introduced an improved streaming implementation that reduces GC pressure and increases throughput several folds and are now limited, in some cases, only by the disk / network IO (See: <a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-14556">CASSANDRA-14556</a>).</p>
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" alt="Fig 1. Cassandra Streaming" style="float: right;margin-right: 7px;margin-top: 7px;" /> To get an understanding of the impact of these changes, let’s first have a look at the current streaming code path. The diagram below illustrates the stream session setup when a node attempts to stream data from a peer. Let’s say, we have a 3 node cluster (Nodes A, B, C). Node C is being rebuilt and has to stream all data that it is responsible for from A &amp; B. C setups a streaming session with each of it’s peers (See: <a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-4650">CASSANDRA-4560</a> how Cassandra applies <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford%E2%80%93Fulkerson_algorithm">Ford Fulkerson</a> to optimize streaming peers). It exchanges messages to request ranges and begins streaming data from the selected nodes.</p>
<p>During the streaming phase, A collects all SSTables that have partitions in the requested ranges. It streams each SSTable by serializing individual partitions. Upon receiving the partition, node C reifies the data in memory and then writes it to disk. This is necessary to accurately transfer partitions from all possible SSTables for the requested ranges. This streaming path generates garbage and could be avoided in scenarios where all partitions within the SSTable need to be transmitted. This is common when you’re using LeveledCompactionStrategy or have enabled partitioning SSTables by token range (See: <a href="http://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-6696">CASSANDRA-6696</a>), etc.</p>
<p>To solve this problem <a href="http://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-14556">CASSANDRA-14556</a> adds a Zero Copy streaming path. This significantly speeds up the transfer of SSTables and reduces garbage and unnecessary object creation. It modifies the streaming path to add additional information into the streaming header and uses ZeroCopy APIs to transfer bytes to and from the network and disk. So now, an SSTable may be transferred using this strategy when Cassandra detects that a complete SSTable needs to be transferred.</p>
<h2 id="how-do-i-use-this-feature">How do I use this feature?</h2>
<p>It just works. This feature is controlled using <code class="highlighter-rouge">stream_entire_sstables</code> in <code class="highlighter-rouge">cassandra.yaml</code> and is enabled by default. Even though this feature is enabled, it will respect the throttling limits as defined by <code class="highlighter-rouge">stream_throughput_outbound_megabits_per_sec</code>.</p>
<h2 id="impact">Impact</h2>
<p>Cassandra can stream SSTables only bounded by the hardware limitations (Network and Disk IO). With this optimization, we hope to make Cassandra more performant and reliable.</p>
<p>Microbenchmarking this feature shows a marked improvement (higher is better). Block Stream Writers are the ZeroCopy writers and Partial Stream Writers are the existing writers.</p>
<table class="table-condensed table-bordered table-hover">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Benchmark</th>
<th>Mode</th>
<th>Cnt</th>
<th>Score</th>
<th>Error</th>
<th>Units</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>ZeroCopyStreamingBenchmark.blockStreamReader</td>
<td>thrpt</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>20.119</td>
<td>± 1.300</td>
<td>ops/s</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ZeroCopyStreamingBenchmark.blockStreamWriter</td>
<td>thrpt</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>1339.672</td>
<td>± 352.242</td>
<td>ops/s</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ZeroCopyStreamingBenchmark.partialStreamReader</td>
<td>thrpt</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>0.590</td>
<td>± 0.135</td>
<td>ops/s</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ZeroCopyStreamingBenchmark.partialStreamWriter</td>
<td>thrpt</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>17.556</td>
<td>± 0.323</td>
<td>ops/s</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h2>
<p>If you’re a Cassandra user, we would love to hear back from you. Please send us feedback via user <a href="http://cassandra.apache.org/community/">Mailing List</a>, <a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/projects/CASSANDRA/summary">Jira</a>, or <a href="http://cassandra.apache.org/community/">IRC</a> (or any combination of the three).</p>
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