/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.bookkeeper.util;

import com.sun.jna.LastErrorException;
import com.sun.jna.Native;

import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * Native I/O operations.
 */
public final class NativeIO {
    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NativeIO.class);

    private static final int POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED = 4; /* fadvise.h */

    private static boolean initialized = false;
    private static boolean fadvisePossible = true;

    static {
        try {
            Native.register("c");
            initialized = true;
        } catch (NoClassDefFoundError e) {
            LOG.info("JNA not found. Native methods will be disabled.");
        } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {
            LOG.info("Unable to link C library. Native methods will be disabled.");
        } catch (NoSuchMethodError e) {
            LOG.warn("Obsolete version of JNA present; unable to register C library");
        }
    }

    // fadvice
    public static native int posix_fadvise(int fd, long offset, long len, int flag) throws LastErrorException;

    private NativeIO() {}

    private static Field getFieldByReflection(Class cls, String fieldName) {
        Field field = null;

        try {
            field = cls.getDeclaredField(fieldName);
            field.setAccessible(true);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // We don't really expect this so throw an assertion to
            // catch this during development
            LOG.warn("Unable to read {} field from {}", fieldName, cls.getName());
            assert false;
        }

        return field;
    }
    /**
     * Get system file descriptor (int) from FileDescriptor object.
     * @param descriptor - FileDescriptor object to get fd from
     * @return file descriptor, -1 or error
     */
    public static int getSysFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor descriptor) {
        Field field = getFieldByReflection(descriptor.getClass(), "fd");
        try {
            return field.getInt(descriptor);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOG.warn("Unable to read fd field from java.io.FileDescriptor");
        }

        return -1;
    }

    /**
     * Remove pages from the file system page cache when they wont
     * be accessed again.
     *
     * @param fd     The file descriptor of the source file.
     * @param offset The offset within the file.
     * @param len    The length to be flushed.
     */
    public static void bestEffortRemoveFromPageCache(int fd, long offset, long len) {
        if (!initialized || !fadvisePossible || fd < 0) {
            return;
        }
        try {
            posix_fadvise(fd, offset, len, POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED);
        } catch (UnsupportedOperationException uoe) {
            LOG.warn("posix_fadvise is not supported : ", uoe);
            fadvisePossible = false;
        } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError ule) {
            // if JNA is unavailable just skipping Direct I/O
            // instance of this class will act like normal RandomAccessFile
            LOG.warn("Unsatisfied Link error: posix_fadvise failed on file descriptor {}, offset {} : ",
                    fd, offset, ule);
            fadvisePossible = false;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // This is best effort anyway so lets just log that there was an
            // exception and forget
            LOG.warn("Unknown exception: posix_fadvise failed on file descriptor {}, offset {} : ",
                    fd, offset, e);
        }
    }

}