package edu.uci.ics.asterix.optimizer.rules.am;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.mutable.Mutable;

import edu.uci.ics.asterix.metadata.declared.AqlMetadataProvider;
import edu.uci.ics.asterix.metadata.entities.Index;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.common.exceptions.AlgebricksException;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.common.utils.Pair;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.core.algebra.base.ILogicalExpression;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.core.algebra.base.ILogicalOperator;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.core.algebra.base.IOptimizationContext;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.core.algebra.base.LogicalExpressionTag;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.core.algebra.base.LogicalOperatorTag;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.core.algebra.expressions.AbstractFunctionCallExpression;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.core.algebra.functions.FunctionIdentifier;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.core.algebra.operators.logical.AbstractLogicalOperator;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.core.algebra.operators.logical.InnerJoinOperator;
import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.algebricks.core.algebra.util.OperatorPropertiesUtil;

/**
 * This rule optimizes a join with secondary indexes into an indexed nested-loop join.
 * 
 * Matches the following operator pattern:
 * (join) <-- (select)? <-- (assign)+ <-- (datasource scan)
 *        <-- (select)? <-- (assign)+ <-- (datasource scan)
 * 
 * Replaces the above pattern with the following simplified plan: 
 * (select) <-- (assign) <-- (btree search) <-- (sort) <-- (unnest(index search)) <-- (assign) <-- (datasource scan)
 * The sort is optional, and some access methods may choose not to sort.
 * 
 * Note that for some index-based optimizations we do not remove the triggering
 * condition from the join, since the secondary index may only act as a filter, and the
 * final verification must still be done with the original join condition.
 * 
 * The basic outline of this rule is: 
 * 1. Match operator pattern. 
 * 2. Analyze join condition to see if there are optimizable functions (delegated to IAccessMethods). 
 * 3. Check metadata to see if there are applicable indexes. 
 * 4. Choose an index to apply (for now only a single index will be chosen).
 * 5. Rewrite plan using index (delegated to IAccessMethods).
 * 
 * TODO (Alex): Currently this rule requires a data scan on both inputs of the join. I should generalize the pattern 
 * to accept any subtree on one side, as long as the other side has a datasource scan.
 */
public class IntroduceJoinAccessMethodRule extends AbstractIntroduceAccessMethodRule {

    protected Mutable<ILogicalOperator> joinRef = null;
    protected InnerJoinOperator join = null;
    protected AbstractFunctionCallExpression joinCond = null;
    protected final OptimizableOperatorSubTree leftSubTree = new OptimizableOperatorSubTree();
    protected final OptimizableOperatorSubTree rightSubTree = new OptimizableOperatorSubTree();

    // Register access methods.
    protected static Map<FunctionIdentifier, List<IAccessMethod>> accessMethods = new HashMap<FunctionIdentifier, List<IAccessMethod>>();
    static {
        registerAccessMethod(BTreeAccessMethod.INSTANCE, accessMethods);
        registerAccessMethod(RTreeAccessMethod.INSTANCE, accessMethods);
        registerAccessMethod(InvertedIndexAccessMethod.INSTANCE, accessMethods);        
    }

    @Override
    public boolean rewritePost(Mutable<ILogicalOperator> opRef, IOptimizationContext context)
            throws AlgebricksException {
        setMetadataDeclarations(context);

        // Match operator pattern and initialize optimizable sub trees.
        if (!matchesOperatorPattern(opRef, context)) {
            return false;
        }
        // Analyze condition on those optimizable subtrees that have a datasource scan.
        Map<IAccessMethod, AccessMethodAnalysisContext> analyzedAMs = new HashMap<IAccessMethod, AccessMethodAnalysisContext>();
        boolean matchInLeftSubTree = false;
        boolean matchInRightSubTree = false;
        if (leftSubTree.hasDataSourceScan()) {
            matchInLeftSubTree = analyzeCondition(joinCond, leftSubTree.assigns, analyzedAMs);
        }
        if (rightSubTree.hasDataSourceScan()) {
            matchInRightSubTree = analyzeCondition(joinCond, rightSubTree.assigns, analyzedAMs);
        }
        if (!matchInLeftSubTree && !matchInRightSubTree) {
            return false;
        }

        // Set dataset and type metadata.
        AqlMetadataProvider metadataProvider = (AqlMetadataProvider) context.getMetadataProvider();
        boolean checkLeftSubTreeMetadata = false;
        boolean checkRightSubTreeMetadata = false;
        if (matchInLeftSubTree) {
            checkLeftSubTreeMetadata = leftSubTree.setDatasetAndTypeMetadata(metadataProvider);
        }
        if (matchInRightSubTree) {
            checkRightSubTreeMetadata = rightSubTree.setDatasetAndTypeMetadata(metadataProvider);
        }
        if (!checkLeftSubTreeMetadata && !checkRightSubTreeMetadata) {
            return false;
        }
        if (checkLeftSubTreeMetadata) {
            fillSubTreeIndexExprs(leftSubTree, analyzedAMs);
        }
        if (checkRightSubTreeMetadata) {
            fillSubTreeIndexExprs(rightSubTree, analyzedAMs);
        }
        pruneIndexCandidates(analyzedAMs);

        // Choose index to be applied.
        Pair<IAccessMethod, Index> chosenIndex = chooseIndex(analyzedAMs);
        if (chosenIndex == null) {
            context.addToDontApplySet(this, join);
            return false;
        }

        // Apply plan transformation using chosen index.
        AccessMethodAnalysisContext analysisCtx = analyzedAMs.get(chosenIndex.first);
        boolean res = chosenIndex.first.applyJoinPlanTransformation(joinRef, leftSubTree, rightSubTree,
                chosenIndex.second, analysisCtx, context);
        if (res) {
            OperatorPropertiesUtil.typeOpRec(opRef, context);
        }
        context.addToDontApplySet(this, join);
        return res;
    }

    protected boolean matchesOperatorPattern(Mutable<ILogicalOperator> opRef, IOptimizationContext context) {
        // First check that the operator is a join and its condition is a function call.
        AbstractLogicalOperator op1 = (AbstractLogicalOperator) opRef.getValue();
        if (context.checkIfInDontApplySet(this, op1)) {
            return false;
        }
        if (op1.getOperatorTag() != LogicalOperatorTag.INNERJOIN) {
            return false;
        }
        // Set and analyze select.
        joinRef = opRef;
        join = (InnerJoinOperator) op1;
        // Check that the select's condition is a function call.
        ILogicalExpression condExpr = join.getCondition().getValue();
        if (condExpr.getExpressionTag() != LogicalExpressionTag.FUNCTION_CALL) {
            return false;
        }
        joinCond = (AbstractFunctionCallExpression) condExpr;
        leftSubTree.initFromSubTree(op1.getInputs().get(0));
        rightSubTree.initFromSubTree(op1.getInputs().get(1));
        // One of the subtrees must have a datasource scan.
        if (leftSubTree.hasDataSourceScan() || rightSubTree.hasDataSourceScan()) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public Map<FunctionIdentifier, List<IAccessMethod>> getAccessMethods() {
        return accessMethods;
    }
}