| --- |
| title: api-breaker |
| --- |
| |
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| |
| ## 描述 |
| |
| 该插件实现 API 熔断功能,帮助我们保护上游业务服务。 |
| |
| > 关于熔断超时逻辑 |
| |
| 由代码逻辑自动按**触发不健康状态**的次数递增运算: |
| |
| 每当上游服务返回 `unhealthy.http_statuses` 配置中的状态码(比如:500),达到 `unhealthy.failures` 次时 (比如:3 次),认为上游服务处于不健康状态。 |
| |
| 第一次触发不健康状态,**熔断 2 秒**。 |
| |
| 然后,2 秒过后重新开始转发请求到上游服务,如果继续返回 `unhealthy.http_statuses` 状态码,记数再次达到 `unhealthy.failures` 次时,**熔断 4 秒**(倍数方式)。 |
| |
| 依次类推,2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, ..., 256,最大到 300。 300 是 `max_breaker_sec` 的最大值,允许自定义修改。 |
| |
| 在不健康状态时,当转发请求到上游服务并返回 `healthy.http_statuses` 配置中的状态码(比如:200),达到 `healthy.successes` 次时 (比如:3 次),认为上游服务恢复健康状态。 |
| |
| ## 属性 |
| |
| | 名称 | 类型 | 必选项 | 默认值 | 有效值 | 描述 | |
| | ----------------------- | -------------- | ------ | ---------- | --------------- | -------------------------------- | |
| | break_response_code | integer | 必须 | 无 | [200, ..., 599] | 不健康返回错误码 | |
| | break_response_body | string | 可选 | 无 | | 不健康返回报文 | |
| | break_response_headers | array[object] | 可选 | 无 | [{"key":"header_name","value":"can contain Nginx $var"}] | 不健康返回报文头,这里可以设置多个。该字段仅在 `break_response_body` 被配置时生效。这个值能够以 `$var` 的格式包含 APISIX 变量,比如 `{"key":"X-Client-Addr","value":"$remote_addr:$remote_port"}`。 | |
| | max_breaker_sec | integer | 可选 | 300 | >=3 | 最大熔断持续时间 | |
| | unhealthy.http_statuses | array[integer] | 可选 | {500} | [500, ..., 599] | 不健康时候的状态码 | |
| | unhealthy.failures | integer | 可选 | 3 | >=1 | 触发不健康状态的连续错误请求次数 | |
| | healthy.http_statuses | array[integer] | 可选 | {200} | [200, ..., 499] | 健康时候的状态码 | |
| | healthy.successes | integer | 可选 | 3 | >=1 | 触发健康状态的连续正常请求次数 | |
| |
| ## 启用方式 |
| |
| 这是一个示例,在指定的路由上启用 `api-breaker` 插件。 |
| 应答 500 或 503 连续 3 次,触发熔断。应答 200 连续 1 次,恢复健康。 |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1" -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d ' |
| { |
| "plugins": { |
| "api-breaker": { |
| "break_response_code": 502, |
| "unhealthy": { |
| "http_statuses": [500, 503], |
| "failures": 3 |
| }, |
| "healthy": { |
| "http_statuses": [200], |
| "successes": 1 |
| } |
| } |
| }, |
| "upstream": { |
| "type": "roundrobin", |
| "nodes": { |
| "127.0.0.1:1980": 1 |
| } |
| }, |
| "uri": "/hello" |
| }' |
| ``` |
| |
| ## 测试插件 |
| |
| 使用上游的配置,如果你的上流服务返回 500,连续 3 次。客户端将会收到 502(break_response_code)应答。 |
| |
| ```shell |
| $ curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/hello" |
| HTTP/1.1 502 Bad Gateway |
| Content-Type: application/octet-stream |
| Connection: keep-alive |
| Server: APISIX/1.5 |
| |
| ... ... |
| ``` |
| |
| ## 禁用插件 |
| |
| 当想禁用 `api-breaker` 插件时,非常简单,只需要在插件配置中删除相应的 json 配置,无需重启服务,即可立即生效: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d ' |
| { |
| "uri": "/hello", |
| "upstream": { |
| "type": "roundrobin", |
| "nodes": { |
| "127.0.0.1:1980": 1 |
| } |
| } |
| }' |
| ``` |
| |
| `api-breaker` 插件现在已被禁用,它也适用于其他插件。 |