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---
title: proxy-rewrite
keywords:
- Apache APISIX
- API 网关
- Plugin
- Proxy Rewrite
- proxy-rewrite
description: proxy-rewrite 插件支持重写 APISIX 转发到上游服务的请求。使用此插件,您可以修改 HTTP 方法、请求目标上游地址、请求标头等。
---
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<head>
<link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.api7.ai/hub/proxy-rewrite" />
</head>
## 描述
`proxy-rewrite` 插件支持重写 APISIX 转发到上游服务的请求。使用此插件,您可以修改 HTTP 方法、请求目标上游地址、请求标头等。
## 属性
| 名称 | 类型 | 必需 | 默认值 | 有效值 | 描述 |
|-----------------------------|-----------|----------|---------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| uri | string | | | | 新的上游 URI 路径。值支持 [Nginx 变量](https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html)。例如,`$arg_name`。 |
| method | string | | | ["GET", "POST", "PUT", "HEAD", "DELETE", "OPTIONS","MKCOL", "COPY", "MOVE", "PROPFIND", "PROPFIND","LOCK", "UNLOCK", "PATCH", "TRACE"] | 要使用的重写请求的 HTTP 方法。 |
| regex_uri | array[string] | | | | 用于匹配客户端请求的 URI 路径并组成新的上游 URI 路径的正则表达式。当同时配置 `uri` `regex_uri` 时,`uri` 具有更高的优先级。该数组应包含一个或多个 **键值对**,其中键是用于匹配 URI 的正则表达式,值是新的上游 URI 路径。例如,对于 `["^/iresty/(. *)/(. *)", "/$1-$2", ^/theothers/*", "/theothers"]`,如果请求最初发送到 `/iresty/hello/world`,插件会将上游 URI 路径重写为 `/iresty/hello-world`;如果请求最初发送到 `/theothers/hello/world`,插件会将上游 URI 路径重写为 `/theothers`。|
| host | string | | | | 设置 [`Host`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Host) 请求标头。|
| headers | object | | | | 要执行的标头操作。可以设置为动作动词 `add``remove` 和/或 `set` 的对象;或由要 `set` 的标头组成的对象。当配置了多个动作动词时,动作将按照“添加”、“删除”和“设置”的顺序执行。|
| headers.add | object | | | | 要附加到请求的标头。如果请求中已经存在标头,则会附加标头值。标头值可以设置为常量、一个或多个 [Nginx 变量](https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html),或者 `regex_uri` 的匹配结果(使用变量,例如 `$1-$2-$3`)。|
| headers.set | object | | | | 要设置请求的标头。如果请求中已经存在标头,则会覆盖标头值。标头值可以设置为常量、一个或多个 [Nginx 变量](https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html),或者 `regex_uri` 的匹配结果(使用变量,例如 `$1-$2-$3`)。不应将其用于设置 `Host`。|
| headers.remove | array[string] | | | | 从请求中删除的标头。
| use_real_request_uri_unsafe | boolean | | false | | 如果为 True,则绕过 URI 规范化并允许完整的原始请求 URI。启用此选项被视为不安全。|
## 示例
下面的示例说明如何在不同场景中在路由上配置 `proxy-rewrite`
:::note
您可以这样从 `config.yaml` 中获取 `admin_key` 并存入环境变量:
```bash
admin_key=$(yq '.deployment.admin.admin_key[0].key' conf/config.yaml | sed 's/"//g')
```
:::
### 重写主机标头
以下示例演示了如何修改请求中的 `Host` 标头。请注意,您不应使用 `headers.set` 来设置 `Host` 标头。
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
"methods": ["GET"],
"uri": "/headers",
"plugins": {
"proxy-rewrite": {
"host": "myapisix.demo"
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'
```
`/headers` 发送请求以检查发送到上游的所有请求标头:
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/headers"
```
您应该看到类似于以下内容的响应:
```text
{
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "myapisix.demo",
"User-Agent": "curl/8.2.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fef198-29da0970383150175bd2d76d",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
}
}
```
### 重写 URI 并设置标头
以下示例演示了如何重写请求上游 URI 并设置其他标头值。如果客户端请求中存在相同的标头,则插件中设置的相应标头值将覆盖客户端请求中存在的值。
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
"methods": ["GET"],
"uri": "/",
"plugins": {
"proxy-rewrite": {
"uri": "/anything",
"headers": {
"set": {
"X-Api-Version": "v1",
"X-Api-Engine": "apisix"
}
}
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'
```
发送请求以验证:
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/" -H '"X-Api-Version": "v2"'
```
您应该看到类似于以下内容的响应:
```text
{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "curl/8.2.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fed73a-59cd3bd640d76ab16c97f1f1",
"X-Api-Engine": "apisix",
"X-Api-Version": "v1",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
},
"json": null,
"method": "GET",
"origin": "::1, 103.248.35.179",
"url": "http://localhost/anything"
}
```
注意到其中两个标头都存在,以及插件中配置的 `X-Api-Version` 标头值覆盖了请求中传递的标头值。
### 重写 URI 并附加标头
以下示例演示了如何重写请求上游 URI 并附加其他标头值。如果客户端请求中存在相同的标头,则它们的标头值将附加到插件中配置的标头值。
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
"methods": ["GET"],
"uri": "/",
"plugins": {
"proxy-rewrite": {
"uri": "/headers",
"headers": {
"add": {
"X-Api-Version": "v1",
"X-Api-Engine": "apisix"
}
}
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'
```
发送请求以验证:
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/" -H '"X-Api-Version": "v2"'
```
您应该会看到类似以下内容的响应:
```text
{
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "curl/8.2.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fed73a-59cd3bd640d76ab16c97f1f1",
"X-Api-Engine": "apisix",
"X-Api-Version": "v1,v2",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
}
}
```
请注意,两个标头均存在,并且插件中配置的 `X-Api-Version` 标头值均附加在请求中传递的标头值上。
### 删除现有标头
以下示例演示了如何删除现有标头 `User-Agent`
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
"methods": ["GET"],
"uri": "/headers",
"plugins": {
"proxy-rewrite": {
"headers": {
"remove":[
"User-Agent"
]
}
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'
```
发送请求来验证指定的标头是否被删除:
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/headers"
```
您应该看到类似以下的响应,其中 `User-Agen` 标头已被移除:
```text
{
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fef302-07f2b13e0eb006ba776ad91d",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
}
}
```
### 使用 RegEx 重写 URI
以下示例演示了如何解析原始上游 URI 路径中的文本并使用它们组成新的上游 URI 路径。在此示例中,APISIX 配置为将所有请求从 `/test/user/agent` 转发到 `/user-agent`
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
"uri": "/test/*",
"plugins": {
"proxy-rewrite": {
"regex_uri": ["^/test/(.*)/(.*)", "/$1-$2"]
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'
```
发送请求到 `/test/user/agent`,检查是否被重定向到 `/user-agent`
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/test/user/agent"
```
您应该会看到类似以下内容的响应:
```text
{
"user-agent": "curl/8.2.1"
}
```
### 添加 URL 参数
以下示例演示了如何向请求添加 URL 参数。
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
"methods": ["GET"],
"uri": "/get",
"plugins": {
"proxy-rewrite": {
"uri": "/get?arg1=apisix&arg2=plugin"
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'
```
发送请求来验证 URL 参数是否也转发给了上游:
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get"
```
您应该会看到类似以下内容的响应:
```text
{
"args": {
"arg1": "apisix",
"arg2": "plugin"
},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "127.0.0.1",
"User-Agent": "curl/8.2.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fef6dc-2b0e09591db7353a275cdae4",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
},
"origin": "127.0.0.1, 103.248.35.148",
"url": "http://127.0.0.1/get?arg1=apisix&arg2=plugin"
}
```
### 重写 HTTP 方法
以下示例演示如何将 GET 请求重写为 POST 请求。
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
"methods": ["GET"],
"uri": "/get",
"plugins": {
"proxy-rewrite": {
"uri": "/anything",
"method":"POST"
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'
```
`/get` 发送 GET 请求,以验证它是否转换为向 `/anything` 发送 POST 请求:
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get"
```
您应该会看到类似以下内容的响应:
```text
{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "127.0.0.1",
"User-Agent": "curl/8.2.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fef7de-0c63387645353998196317f2",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
},
"json": null,
"method": "POST",
"origin": "::1, 103.248.35.179",
"url": "http://localhost/anything"
}
```
### 将消费者名称转发到上游
以下示例演示了如何将成功验证的消费者名称转发到上游服务。例如,您将使用 `key-auth` 作为身份验证方法。
创建消费者 `JohnDoe`
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/consumers" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"username": "JohnDoe"
}'
```
为消费者创建 `key-auth` 凭证:
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/consumers/JohnDoe/credentials" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "cred-john-key-auth",
"plugins": {
"key-auth": {
"key": "john-key"
}
}
}'
```
接下来,创建一个启用密钥认证的路由,配置 `proxy-rewrite` 以将消费者名称添加到标头,并删除认证密钥,以使其对上游服务不可见:
```shell
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "consumer-restricted-route",
"uri": "/get",
"plugins": {
"key-auth": {},
"proxy-rewrite": {
"headers": {
"set": {
"X-Apisix-Consumer": "$consumer_name"
},
"remove": [ "Apikey" ]
}
}
},
"upstream" : {
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org":1
}
}
}'
```
以消费者 `JohnDoe` 的身份向路由发送请求:
```shell
curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get" -H 'apikey: john-key'
```
您应该收到一个包含以下主体的 `HTTP/1.1 200 OK` 响应:
```text
{
"args": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "127.0.0.1",
"User-Agent": "curl/8.4.0",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-664b01a6-2163c0156ed4bff51d87d877",
"X-Apisix-Consumer": "JohnDoe",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
},
"origin": "172.19.0.1, 203.12.12.12",
"url": "http://127.0.0.1/get"
}
```
向路由发送另一个请求,不带有有效凭证:
```shell
curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get"
```
您应该收到 `HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden` 响应。