| --- |
| title: opa |
| keywords: |
| - Apache APISIX |
| - API 网关 |
| - Plugin |
| - Open Policy Agent |
| - opa |
| description: 本篇文档介绍了 Apache APISIX 通过 opa 插件与 Open Policy Agent 对接的相关信息。 |
| --- |
| |
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| # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
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| |
| ## 描述 |
| |
| `opa` 插件可用于与 [Open Policy Agent](https://www.openpolicyagent.org) 进行集成,实现后端服务的认证授权与访问服务等功能解耦,减少系统复杂性。 |
| |
| ## 属性 |
| |
| | 名称 | 类型 | 必选项 | 默认值 | 有效值 | 描述 | |
| |-------------------|---------|----------|---------|---------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |
| | host | string | 是 | | | OPA 服务的主机地址,例如 `https://localhost:8181`。 | |
| | ssl_verify | boolean | 否 | true | | 当设置为 `true` 时,将验证 SSL 证书。 | |
| | policy | string | 是 | | | OPA 策略路径,是 `package` 和 `decision` 配置的组合。当使用高级功能(如自定义响应)时,你可以省略 `decision` 配置。 | |
| | timeout | integer | 否 | 3000ms | [1, 60000]ms | 设置 HTTP 调用超时时间。 | |
| | keepalive | boolean | 否 | true | | 当设置为 `true` 时,将为多个请求保持连接并处于活动状态。 | |
| | keepalive_timeout | integer | 否 | 60000ms | [1000, ...]ms | 连接断开后的闲置时间。 | |
| | keepalive_pool | integer | 否 | 5 | [1, ...]ms | 连接池限制。 | |
| | with_route | boolean | 否 | false | | 当设置为 `true` 时,发送关于当前 Route 的信息。 | |
| | with_service | boolean | 否 | false | | 当设置为 `true` 时,发送关于当前 Service 的信息。 | |
| | with_consumer | boolean | 否 | false | | 当设置为 `true` 时,发送关于当前 Consumer 的信息。注意,这可能会发送敏感信息,如 API key。请确保在安全的情况下才打开它。 | |
| |
| ## 数据定义 |
| |
| ### APISIX 向 OPA 发送信息 |
| |
| 下述示例代码展示了如何通过 APISIX 向 OPA 服务发送数据: |
| |
| ```json |
| { |
| "type": "http", |
| "request": { |
| "scheme": "http", |
| "path": "\/get", |
| "headers": { |
| "user-agent": "curl\/7.68.0", |
| "accept": "*\/*", |
| "host": "127.0.0.1:9080" |
| }, |
| "query": {}, |
| "port": 9080, |
| "method": "GET", |
| "host": "127.0.0.1" |
| }, |
| "var": { |
| "timestamp": 1701234567, |
| "server_addr": "127.0.0.1", |
| "server_port": "9080", |
| "remote_port": "port", |
| "remote_addr": "ip address" |
| }, |
| "route": {}, |
| "service": {}, |
| "consumer": {} |
| } |
| ``` |
| |
| 上述代码具体释义如下: |
| |
| - `type` 代表请求类型(如 `http` 或 `stream`); |
| - `request` 则需要在 `type` 为 `http` 时使用,包含基本的请求信息(如 URL、头信息等); |
| - `var` 包含关于请求连接的基本信息(如 IP、端口、请求时间戳等); |
| - `route`、`service` 和 `consumer` 包含的数据与 APISIX 中存储的数据相同,只有当这些对象上配置了 `opa` 插件时才会发送。 |
| |
| ### OPA 向 APISIX 返回数据 |
| |
| 下述示例代码展示了 OPA 服务对 APISIX 发送请求后的响应数据: |
| |
| ```json |
| { |
| "result": { |
| "allow": true, |
| "reason": "test", |
| "headers": { |
| "an": "header" |
| }, |
| "status_code": 401 |
| } |
| } |
| ``` |
| |
| 上述响应中的代码释义如下: |
| |
| - `allow` 配置是必不可少的,它表示请求是否允许通过 APISIX 进行转发; |
| - `reason`、`headers` 和 `status_code` 是可选的,只有当你配置一个自定义响应时才会返回这些选项信息,具体使用方法可查看后续测试用例。 |
| |
| ## 测试插件 |
| |
| 首先启动 OPA 环境: |
| |
| ```shell |
| docker run -d --name opa -p 8181:8181 openpolicyagent/opa:0.35.0 run -s |
| ``` |
| |
| ### 基本用法 |
| |
| 一旦你运行了 OPA 服务,就可以进行基本策略的创建: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl -X PUT '127.0.0.1:8181/v1/policies/example1' \ |
| -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \ |
| -d 'package example1 |
| |
| import input.request |
| |
| default allow = false |
| |
| allow { |
| # HTTP method must GET |
| request.method == "GET" |
| }' |
| ``` |
| |
| 然后在指定路由上配置 `opa` 插件: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl -X PUT 'http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes/r1' \ |
| -H 'X-API-KEY: <api-key>' \ |
| -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ |
| -d '{ |
| "uri": "/*", |
| "plugins": { |
| "opa": { |
| "host": "http://127.0.0.1:8181", |
| "policy": "example1" |
| } |
| }, |
| "upstream": { |
| "nodes": { |
| "httpbin.org:80": 1 |
| }, |
| "type": "roundrobin" |
| } |
| }' |
| ``` |
| |
| 使用如下命令进行测试: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl -i -X GET 127.0.0.1:9080/get |
| ``` |
| |
| ```shell |
| HTTP/1.1 200 OK |
| ``` |
| |
| 如果尝试向不同的端点发出请求,会出现请求失败的状态: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl -i -X POST 127.0.0.1:9080/post |
| ``` |
| |
| ```shell |
| HTTP/1.1 403 FORBIDDEN |
| ``` |
| |
| ### 使用自定义响应 |
| |
| 除了基础用法外,你还可以为更复杂的使用场景配置自定义响应,参考示例如下: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl -X PUT '127.0.0.1:8181/v1/policies/example2' \ |
| -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \ |
| -d 'package example2 |
| |
| import input.request |
| |
| default allow = false |
| |
| allow { |
| request.method == "GET" |
| } |
| |
| # custom response body (Accepts a string or an object, the object will respond as JSON format) |
| reason = "test" { |
| not allow |
| } |
| |
| # custom response header (The data of the object can be written in this way) |
| headers = { |
| "Location": "http://example.com/auth" |
| } { |
| not allow |
| } |
| |
| # custom response status code |
| status_code = 302 { |
| not allow |
| }' |
| ``` |
| |
| 同时,你可以将 `opa` 插件的策略参数调整为 `example2`,然后发出请求进行测试: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl -i -X GET 127.0.0.1:9080/get |
| ``` |
| |
| ```shell |
| HTTP/1.1 200 OK |
| ``` |
| |
| 此时如果你发出一个失败请求,将会收到来自 OPA 服务的自定义响应反馈,如下所示: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl -i -X POST 127.0.0.1:9080/post |
| ``` |
| |
| ```shell |
| HTTP/1.1 302 FOUND |
| Location: http://example.com/auth |
| |
| test |
| ``` |
| |
| ### 发送 APISIX 数据 |
| |
| 如果你的 OPA 服务需要根据 APISIX 的某些数据(如 Route 和 Consumer 的详细信息)来进行后续操作时,则可以通过配置插件来实现。 |
| |
| 下述示例展示了一个简单的 `echo` 策略,它将原样返回 APISIX 发送的数据: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl -X PUT '127.0.0.1:8181/v1/policies/echo' \ |
| -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \ |
| -d 'package echo |
| |
| allow = false |
| reason = input' |
| ``` |
| |
| 现在就可以在路由上配置插件来发送 APISIX 数据: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl -X PUT 'http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes/r1' \ |
| -H 'X-API-KEY: <api-key>' \ |
| -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ |
| -d '{ |
| "uri": "/*", |
| "plugins": { |
| "opa": { |
| "host": "http://127.0.0.1:8181", |
| "policy": "echo", |
| "with_route": true |
| } |
| }, |
| "upstream": { |
| "nodes": { |
| "httpbin.org:80": 1 |
| }, |
| "type": "roundrobin" |
| } |
| }' |
| ``` |
| |
| 此时如果你提出一个请求,则可以通过自定义响应看到来自路由的数据: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl -X GET 127.0.0.1:9080/get |
| ``` |
| |
| ```shell |
| { |
| "type": "http", |
| "request": { |
| xxx |
| }, |
| "var": { |
| xxx |
| }, |
| "route": { |
| xxx |
| } |
| } |
| ``` |
| |
| ## 删除插件 |
| |
| 当你需要禁用 `opa` 插件时,可以通过以下命令删除相应的 JSON 配置,APISIX 将会自动重新加载相关配置,无需重启服务: |
| |
| :::note |
| |
| 您可以这样从 `config.yaml` 中获取 `admin_key` 并存入环境变量: |
| |
| ```bash |
| admin_key=$(yq '.deployment.admin.admin_key[0].key' conf/config.yaml | sed 's/"//g') |
| ``` |
| |
| ::: |
| |
| ```shell |
| curl http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H "X-API-KEY: $admin_key" -X PUT -d ' |
| { |
| "methods": ["GET"], |
| "uri": "/hello", |
| "plugins": {}, |
| "upstream": { |
| "type": "roundrobin", |
| "nodes": { |
| "127.0.0.1:1980": 1 |
| } |
| } |
| }' |
| ``` |