docs/zh/latest/plugins/multi-auth.md

title: multi-auth keywords:

Apache APISIX
API 网关
Plugin
Multi Auth
multi-auth description: multi-auth 插件支持使用不同认证方式的消费者共享同一路由或服务，简化 API 生命周期管理。

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描述

multi-auth 插件允许使用不同认证方式的消费者共享同一路由或服务。它支持配置多个认证插件，只要请求通过其中任意一种认证方式即可放行。

属性

名称	类型	必选项	默认值	有效值	描述
auth_plugins	array	是			至少包含两个认证插件的数组。

使用示例

:::note

你可以这样从 config.yaml 中获取 admin_key 并存入环境变量：

admin_key=$(yq '.deployment.admin.admin_key[0].key' conf/config.yaml | sed 's/"//g')

:::

在同一路由上允许不同的认证方式

以下示例演示如何让一个消费者使用 basic 认证，另一个消费者使用 key 认证，两者共享同一路由。

创建两个 Consumer：

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/consumers" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "username":"consumer1"
  }'

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/consumers" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "username":"consumer2"
  }'

为 consumer1 配置 basic 认证凭证：

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/consumers/consumer1/credentials" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "cred-jane-key-auth",
    "plugins": {
      "basic-auth": {
        "username":"consumer1",
        "password":"consumer1_pwd"
      }
    }
  }'

为 consumer2 配置 key 认证凭证：

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/consumers/consumer2/credentials" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "cred-jane-key-auth",
    "plugins": {
      "key-auth": {
        "key":"consumer2_pwd"
      }
    }
  }'

创建一个带有 multi-auth 的路由，并配置消费者使用的两个认证插件：

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "multi-auth-route",
    "uri": "/anything",
    "plugins": {
      "multi-auth":{
        "auth_plugins":[
          {
            "basic-auth":{}
          },
          {
            "key-auth":{
              "hide_credentials":true,
              "header":"apikey",
              "query":"apikey"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "upstream": {
      "type": "roundrobin",
      "nodes": {
        "httpbin.org": 1
      }
    }
  }'

创建两个带有各自凭证的消费者以及一个带有 multi-auth 的路由：

consumers:
  - username: consumer1
    credentials:
      - name: cred-consumer1-basic-auth
        type: basic-auth
        config:
          username: consumer1
          password: consumer1_pwd
  - username: consumer2
    credentials:
      - name: cred-consumer2-key-auth
        type: key-auth
        config:
          key: consumer2_pwd
services:
  - name: multi-auth-service
    routes:
      - name: multi-auth-route
        uris:
          - /anything
        plugins:
          multi-auth:
            auth_plugins:
              - basic-auth: {}
              - key-auth:
                  hide_credentials: true
                  header: apikey
                  query: apikey
    upstream:
      type: roundrobin
      nodes:
        - host: httpbin.org
          port: 80
          weight: 1

将配置同步到网关：

adc sync -f adc.yaml

apiVersion: apisix.apache.org/v1alpha1
kind: Consumer
metadata:
  namespace: aic
  name: consumer1
spec:
  gatewayRef:
    name: apisix
  credentials:
    - type: basic-auth
      name: cred-consumer1-basic-auth
      config:
        username: consumer1
        password: consumer1_pwd
---
apiVersion: apisix.apache.org/v1alpha1
kind: Consumer
metadata:
  namespace: aic
  name: consumer2
spec:
  gatewayRef:
    name: apisix
  credentials:
    - type: key-auth
      name: cred-consumer2-key-auth
      config:
        key: consumer2_pwd
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  namespace: aic
  name: httpbin-external-domain
spec:
  type: ExternalName
  externalName: httpbin.org
---
apiVersion: apisix.apache.org/v1alpha1
kind: PluginConfig
metadata:
  namespace: aic
  name: multi-auth-plugin-config
spec:
  plugins:
    - name: multi-auth
      config:
        auth_plugins:
          - basic-auth: {}
          - key-auth:
              hide_credentials: true
              header: apikey
              query: apikey
---
apiVersion: gateway.networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: HTTPRoute
metadata:
  namespace: aic
  name: multi-auth-route
spec:
  parentRefs:
    - name: apisix
  rules:
    - matches:
        - path:
            type: Exact
            value: /anything
      filters:
        - type: ExtensionRef
          extensionRef:
            group: apisix.apache.org
            kind: PluginConfig
            name: multi-auth-plugin-config
      backendRefs:
        - name: httpbin-external-domain
          port: 80

将配置应用到集群：

kubectl apply -f multi-auth-ic.yaml

apiVersion: apisix.apache.org/v2
kind: ApisixConsumer
metadata:
  namespace: aic
  name: consumer1
spec:
  ingressClassName: apisix
  authParameter:
    basicAuth:
      value:
        username: consumer1
        password: consumer1_pwd
---
apiVersion: apisix.apache.org/v2
kind: ApisixConsumer
metadata:
  namespace: aic
  name: consumer2
spec:
  ingressClassName: apisix
  authParameter:
    keyAuth:
      value:
        key: consumer2_pwd
---
apiVersion: apisix.apache.org/v2
kind: ApisixUpstream
metadata:
  namespace: aic
  name: httpbin-external-domain
spec:
  ingressClassName: apisix
  externalNodes:
  - type: Domain
    name: httpbin.org
---
apiVersion: apisix.apache.org/v2
kind: ApisixRoute
metadata:
  namespace: aic
  name: multi-auth-route
spec:
  ingressClassName: apisix
  http:
    - name: multi-auth-route
      match:
        paths:
          - /anything
      upstreams:
      - name: httpbin-external-domain
      plugins:
      - name: multi-auth
        enable: true
        config:
          auth_plugins:
            - basic-auth: {}
            - key-auth:
                hide_credentials: true
                header: apikey
                query: apikey

将配置应用到集群：

kubectl apply -f multi-auth-ic.yaml

向路由发送带有 consumer1 basic 认证凭据的请求：

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/anything" -u consumer1:consumer1_pwd

你应该收到 HTTP/1.1 200 OK 响应。

向路由发送带有 consumer2 key 认证凭证的请求：

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/anything" -H 'apikey: consumer2_pwd'

你同样应该收到 HTTP/1.1 200 OK 响应。

向路由发送不带任何凭证的请求：

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/anything"

你应该收到 HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized 响应。

以上验证了使用不同认证方式的消费者能够通过认证并访问同一路由后端的资源。