docs/functions/logarithmic_functions.md

# Logarithmic Functions


## e

e() returns the base of the natural logarithm, e.

Syntax:e()

Returns:


```
An agtype float.
```


Query


```
SELECT *
FROM cypher('graph_name', $$
    RETURN e()
$$) as (e agtype);
```


Results


<table>
  <tr>
   <td>e
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td> 2.71828182845905
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>1 row(s) returned
   </td>
  </tr>
</table>



## sqrt

sqrt() returns the square root of a number.

Syntax:sqrt(expression)

Returns:


```
An agtype float.
```


Query


```
SELECT *
FROM cypher('graph_name', $$
    RETURN sqrt(144)
$$) as (results agtype);
```


Results


<table>
  <tr>
   <td>results
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>12
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>1 row(s) returned
   </td>
  </tr>
</table>



## exp

exp() returns e^n, where e is the base of the natural logarithm, and n is the value of the argument expression.

Syntax: `e(expression)`

Returns:


```
An agtype Float.
```


Arguments:


<table>
  <tr>
   <td>Name
   </td>
   <td>Description
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>expression
   </td>
   <td>An agtype number expression
   </td>
  </tr>
</table>


Considerations:



* exp(null) returns null.

Query:


```
SELECT *
FROM cypher('graph_name', $$
    RETURN e(2)
$$) as (e agtype);
```


e to the power of 2 is returned.

Result:


<table>
  <tr>
   <td>e
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>7.38905609893065
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>1 row(s) returned
   </td>
  </tr>
</table>



## log

log() returns the natural logarithm of a number.

Syntax:`log(expression)`

Returns:


```
An agtype Float.
```


Arguments:


<table>
  <tr>
   <td>Name
   </td>
   <td>Description
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>expression
   </td>
   <td>An agtype number expression
   </td>
  </tr>
</table>


Considerations:



* log(null) returns null.
* log(0) returns null.

Query:


```
SELECT *
FROM cypher('graph_name', $$
    RETURN log(27)
$$) as (natural_logarithm agtype);
```


The natural logarithm of 27 is returned.

Result:


<table>
  <tr>
   <td>natural_logarithm
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>3.295836866004329
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>1 row(s) returned
   </td>
  </tr>
</table>



## log10

log10() returns the common logarithm (base 10) of a number.

Syntax:`log10(expression)`

Returns:


```
An agtype Float.
```


Arguments:


<table>
  <tr>
   <td>Name
   </td>
   <td>Description
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>expression
   </td>
   <td>An agtype number expression
   </td>
  </tr>
</table>


Considerations:



* log10(null) returns null.
* log10(0) returns null.

Query:


```
SELECT *
FROM cypher('graph_name', $$
    RETURN log(27)
$$) as (natural_logarithm agtype);
```


The common logarithm of 27 is returned.

Result:


<table>
  <tr>
   <td>natural_logarithm
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>1.4313637641589874
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>1 row(s) returned
   </td>
  </tr>
</table>